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2026-07-21ext4: get ext4_group_desc in ext4_mb_prefetch only when necessaryBohdan Trach
Getting ext4_group_desc structure can contribute to the cost of ext4_mb_prefetch() without any need, as most groups fail the !EXT4_MB_GRP_TEST_AND_SET_READ check. Optimize ext4_mb_prefetch by getting the group description only when necessary. The result is further increase in performance of fallocate() system call path that triggers ext4_mb_prefetch() via a linear group scan. Signed-off-by: Bohdan Trach <bohdan.trach@huaweicloud.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260615100331.163997-3-bohdan.trach@huaweicloud.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21ext4: avoid RWM atomic in EXT4_MB_GRP_TEST_AND_SET_READBohdan Trach
EXT4_MB_GRP_TEST_AND_SET_READ uses test_and_set_bit function which issues an atomic write. This can cause high overhead due to cache contention when multiple threads iterate over groups in a tight loop, as is the case for ext4_mb_prefetch(). We have seen this to be a problem for Kunpeng 920b CPUs which uses a single ARM LSE instruction for this purpose. Avoid this unconditional atomic write by testing the bit first without changing its value. This is OK for this use case as this bit is never unset. This change significantly reduces costs of fallocate() operations which trigger linear group scans on large multicore machines where test_and_set_bit issues an atomic write operation unconditionally. Signed-off-by: Bohdan Trach <bohdan.trach@huaweicloud.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260615100331.163997-2-bohdan.trach@huaweicloud.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21ext4: fix circular lock dependency in ext4_ext_migrateYun Zhou
Move iput(tmp_inode) after ext4_writepages_up_write() to avoid a circular lock dependency between s_writepages_rwsem and sb_internal (freeze protection). The deadlock scenario: CPU0 (EXT4_IOC_MIGRATE) CPU1 (orphan cleanup during mount) ---- ---- ext4_ext_migrate() ext4_writepages_down_write() s_writepages_rwsem (write) ext4_evict_inode() sb_start_intwrite() [sb_internal] ... ext4_writepages() s_writepages_rwsem (read) [BLOCKED] iput(tmp_inode) ext4_evict_inode() sb_start_intwrite() [BLOCKED] The tmp_inode is a temporary inode with nlink=0 created solely for building the extent tree. Its eviction does not require s_writepages_rwsem protection, so deferring iput() until after releasing the rwsem is safe. Reported-by: syzbot+212e8f62790f8e0bc63b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=212e8f62790f8e0bc63b Fixes: cb85f4d23f79 ("ext4: fix race between writepages and enabling EXT4_EXTENTS_FL") Signed-off-by: Yun Zhou <yun.zhou@windriver.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260612005330.1930804-1-yun.zhou@windriver.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21ext4: avoid tail write_begin walk for uptodate foliosJia Zhu
Ext4 buffered writes into large folios also pay a full buffer_head walk in ext4_block_write_begin(). For a small overwrite of an existing cached folio, the folio is already uptodate and the write only needs to prepare the buffers through the written range. Walking the suffix still makes the write_begin cost proportional to the folio size. Before ext4 enabled large folios for regular files, the same loop was bounded by a single page of buffers. That commit made the existing full-folio walk visible as a regression for cached small overwrites. The suffix walk is needed for non-uptodate folios, where ext4 may have to submit reads for partial blocks, preserve new-buffer cleanup, and run error zeroing. Keep those folios on the old full walk. For already-uptodate folios, keep the walk starting at the first buffer rather than seeking directly to from. This preserves the existing prefix buffer state handling. Stop once block_start reaches the end of the write range, because the skipped suffix would only repeat the outside-range uptodate handling for buffers beyond @to. On current master, the libMicro ext4 large-folio overwrite test shows the following full-series result. Results are median usecs/call over 10 runs, lower is better: case nofix this series improvement write_u1k 1.418 0.3405 76.0% write_u10k 1.887 0.4175 77.9% pwrite_u1k 1.6775 0.3390 79.8% pwrite_u10k 1.9035 0.4130 78.3% Fixes: 7ac67301e82f0 ("ext4: enable large folio for regular file") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v6.16+ Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Jia Zhu <zhujia.zj@bytedance.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260609035202.90669-3-zhujia.zj@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21buffer: avoid tail commit walk for uptodate foliosJia Zhu
block_commit_write() always walks every buffer_head attached to the folio. That was cheap for order-0 folios, but large folios can contain hundreds of buffer_heads. For a small buffered overwrite of an already-uptodate large folio, the commit work is therefore proportional to the folio size rather than the copied range. This became visible with ext4 regular-file large folios, where cached small overwrites reach block_commit_write() through block_write_end(). Before ext4 enabled large folios for regular files, this path was only hit with order-0 folios for normal ext4 buffered writes, so the full walk was bounded. The ext4 large-folio commit is therefore the regression point for this generic helper cost. The full walk is still needed when the folio is not uptodate, because block_commit_write() uses per-buffer uptodate state to decide whether the whole folio can be marked uptodate. Keep those folios on the old full-buffer path. For a folio that was already uptodate on entry, the commit no longer needs tail buffers for folio-uptodate discovery. The copied range has already been processed once block_start reaches @to, so stop there and avoid the suffix walk. Fixes: 7ac67301e82f0 ("ext4: enable large folio for regular file") Suggested-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v6.16+ Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Jia Zhu <zhujia.zj@bytedance.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260609035202.90669-2-zhujia.zj@bytedance.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21ext4: reject mount if inodes per group is not a multiple of inodes per blockBaokun Li
If s_inodes_per_group is not a multiple of s_inodes_per_block, the division that computes s_itb_per_group truncates, reserving fewer blocks for the inode table than needed. On a crafted filesystem image, this allows __ext4_get_inode_loc() to compute a block offset beyond the inode table, reading unrelated data as an inode structure. Add the missing divisibility check alongside the existing validation in ext4_block_group_meta_init(). Reported-by: Sashiko <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Closes: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260608061112.392391-1-libaokun%40linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Baokun Li <libaokun@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Zhang Yi <yi.zhang@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608111150.827117-4-libaokun@linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21ext4: reduce max cluster size to match documented 256MB limitBaokun Li
The mke2fs man page documents: Valid cluster-size values are from 2048 to 256M bytes per cluster. but EXT4_MAX_CLUSTER_LOG_SIZE was set to 30 (1GB), allowing crafted filesystem images to specify cluster sizes up to 1GB. On 32-bit systems with bigalloc enabled, the consistency check in ext4_handle_clustersize(): s_blocks_per_group == s_clusters_per_group * (clustersize / blocksize) can overflow when the cluster ratio is large enough. Since s_blocks_per_group is not range-checked in the bigalloc path, the wrapped product can pass the consistency check, leading to inconsistent group geometry and potential out-of-bounds block allocation. Reduce EXT4_MAX_CLUSTER_LOG_SIZE to 28 to match the documented 256MB limit. With this cap, the maximum product is: (blocksize * 8) * (256M / blocksize) = 2^31 which fits safely in a 32-bit unsigned long for all block sizes. Reported-by: Sashiko <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Closes: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260608061112.392391-1-libaokun%40linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Baokun Li <libaokun@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608111150.827117-3-libaokun@linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21ext4: reject mount if clusters/inodes per group are not 8-alignedBaokun Li
The block and inode bitmap checksums are computed over a whole number of bytes: ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_*() use EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) >> 3 and ext4_block_bitmap_csum_*() use EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8 as the length passed to ext4_chksum(). If s_inodes_per_group or s_clusters_per_group is not a multiple of 8, the trailing fractional bits are excluded from the checksum. Those bits are then unprotected, and any incremental csum update path that assumes a byte-aligned bitmap can compute a checksum inconsistent with the full recalculation, corrupting the on-disk bitmap checksum. Reject such filesystems at mount time by adding the missing " & 7" alignment checks alongside the existing range validation. Suggested-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/h3n7jlfhyna64dn5o76qxcspnhxdddcs6crpxftmy7gnl7b3sx@jenszfpcsnit Reported-by: Sashiko <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Closes: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260508121539.4174601-1-libaokun%40linux.alibaba.com?part=10 Signed-off-by: Baokun Li <libaokun@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Zhang Yi <yi.zhang@huawei.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608111150.827117-2-libaokun@linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
2026-07-21Merge tag 'for-7.2-rc4-tag' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux Pull btrfs fixes from David Sterba: "I'm catching up with the fix backlog in the development branch, so here's a number of them and will probably send one more for this or the next rc: - relocation fixes: - skip attempting compression on reloc inodes - exclude inline extents from file extent offset checks - fix minor memory leak after error when adding reloc root - fix root cleanup after inserting and merging - fix clearing folio tags after writeback - clear logging flag of extent map before splitting - fix unsigned 32/64 type conversions when accounting dirty metadata, leading to continually exceeding threshold - fix regression in 32bit compat ioctl for subvolume info - fix type of SEARCH_TREE ioctl buffer in UAPI header - fix expression in ASSERT expression which can be unconditionally evaluated on some compilers - only account delalloc bytes for regular inodes" * tag 'for-7.2-rc4-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux: btrfs: fix GET_SUBVOL_INFO after compat refactor btrfs: free mapping node on duplicate reloc root insert btrfs: fix a regression where PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY is never cleared btrfs: don't propagate EXTENT_FLAG_LOGGING to split extent maps btrfs: fix u32 to s64 type conversion in dirty_metadata_bytes accounting btrfs: fix NULL pointer deref during assertion in btrfs_backref_free_node() btrfs: only account delalloc bytes for regular file inodes in btrfs_getattr() btrfs: reject inline file extents item in get_new_location() btrfs: do not try compression for data reloc inodes btrfs: declare btrfs_ioctl_search_args_v2::buf as __u8 btrfs: fix reloc root cleanup in merge_reloc_roots() btrfs: fix use-after-free on reloc root after error in insert_dirty_subvol()
2026-07-21binfmt_elf_fdpic: only honour the first PT_INTERPChristian Brauner
The program header scan handles PT_INTERP from a switch nested in the scan loop, so its break leaves the switch and not the loop. A binary carrying more than one PT_INTERP runs the case again and overwrites both interpreter_name and interpreter. The previous name allocation leaks and so does the previous interpreter reference, along with the write denial open_exec() took on it. The denial is never released, so the file stays unwritable for as long as the system runs. An unprivileged caller reaches this with a crafted binary and repeats it at will. binfmt_elf stops at the first PT_INTERP. Do the same here. The flaw dates back to the driver's introduction in the pre-git history tree introduced in v2.6.11 by 91808d6ebe39 ("[PATCH] FRV: Add FDPIC ELF binary format driver"). Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721-gezittert-medium-kreide-b41fc1f0277e@brauner Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Jori Koolstra <jkoolstra@xs4all.nl> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-07-21exec: fix unsigned loop counter wrap in transfer_args_to_stack()Christian Brauner
The stop value is derived from bprm->p >> PAGE_SHIFT. The index variable is an unsigned long. If bprm->p drops below PAGE_SIZE and stop becomes zero the loop condition index >= stop is always true. After the index == 0 iteration the decrement wraps to ULONG_MAX and bprm->page[ULONG_MAX] reads sizeof(void *) bytes in front of the array. The pointer has wrapped to -1. That garbage pointer is then passed to kmap_local_page() and PAGE_SIZE bytes are copied from wherever that lands into the stack of the process being created. And the loop doesn't terminate either... Getting there only requires bprm->p < PAGE_SIZE. On !MMU bprm_set_stack_limit() and bprm_hit_stack_limit() are empty. So the only constraint on how far bprm->p is pushed down is valid_arg_len(), i.e. that each individual string still fits in what is left. bprm->p starts at PAGE_SIZE * MAX_ARG_PAGES - sizeof(void *) so a single argument or environment string of a little over 31 pages leaves it in the first page: Oops - load access fault [#1] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: victim Not tainted 7.2.0-rc4 #1 epc : __memcpy+0xd4/0xf8 ra : transfer_args_to_stack+0xaa/0xae s4 : ffffffffffffffff s2 : 0000000000000000 a1 : ffffffdc98000000 a2 : 0000000000001000 status: 0000000a00001880 badaddr: ffffffdc98000000 cause: 0000000000000005 [<801a5324>] __memcpy+0xd4/0xf8 [<800d5f6a>] load_flat_binary+0x43a/0x65e [<800a2de4>] bprm_execve+0x1d4/0x316 [<800a351a>] do_execveat_common+0x12e/0x138 [<800a3d44>] __riscv_sys_execve+0x38/0x4e Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt This is an arcane bug but we should still fix it. Count down from MAX_ARG_PAGES so the loop ends when index reaches stop, stop == 0 included. The iterations performed are unchanged for every other value of stop. Only CONFIG_MMU=n builds are affected, transfer_args_to_stack() is used by binfmt_flat and binfmt_elf_fdpic on nommu only. The loop predates git history. commit 7e7ec6a93434 ("elf_fdpic_transfer_args_to_stack(): make it generic") only moved it from binfmt_elf_fdpic.c into fs/exec.c and narrowed the copy to the used part of the first page. The condition and the decrement are unchanged from 2.6.12-rc2. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721-hochachtung-staumauer-pigmente-15d71f7d7d04@brauner Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-07-21ntfs: drop stale page-cache when shrinking a non-resident attrNamjae Jeon
ntfs_non_resident_attr_shrink() shrinks attribute sizes but fails to trim the page cache. This leaves orphaned dirty folios beyond the new end of the attribute, leading to writeback failures (-ENOENT), data loss, and $EA chain corruption. Fix this by truncating the page cache to the new size immediately after updating the sizes, preventing writeback from flushing out-of-range folios. Fixes: 495e90fa3348 ("ntfs: update attrib operations") Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
2026-07-21ntfs: harden runlist realloc size calculationsNamjae Jeon
Add a shared helper to safely convert runlist element counts to byte sizes using overflow checks, and use it in both ntfs_rl_realloc() and ntfs_rl_realloc_nofail(). Fixes: 11ccc9107dc4 ("ntfs: update runlist handling and cluster allocator") Co-developed-by: Alper Mudar <kommandant_alper@proton.me> Signed-off-by: Alper Mudar <kommandant_alper@proton.me> Tested-by: Alper Mudar <kommandant_alper@proton.me> Signed-off-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
2026-07-21btrfs: raid56: fix scrub read assembly submitting no readsMykola Lysenko
Commit 5387bd958180 ("btrfs: raid56: remove sector_ptr structure") converted the bio-list membership checks from sector pointers to physical addresses. The two conversions in rmw_assemble_write_bios() kept their polarity (skip the sector when it is NOT in the bio list, i.e. when there is nothing to write), but scrub_assemble_read_bios() has the opposite polarity -- skip the sector when it IS in the bio list, because then there is nothing to read -- and the conversion flipped it: - sector = sector_in_rbio(rbio, stripe, sectornr, 1); - if (sector) + paddr = sector_paddr_in_rbio(rbio, stripe, sectornr, 1); + if (paddr == INVALID_PADDR) continue; Since a parity-scrub rbio's bio list only holds the empty completion bio, the result is that scrub_assemble_read_bios() submits no reads at all. finish_parity_scrub() then compares the parity it computes from the (cached, correct) data stripes against whatever happens to be in the freshly allocated, uninitialized stripe pages: - if the garbage differs from the computed parity, the sector is "repaired" and written back -- accidentally producing the correct on-disk result; - if a recycled page happens to still hold the old (correct) parity content, the sector is deemed clean, dropped from dbitmap, and the actually-corrupt on-disk parity is left in place. (Scrub reports no errors either way: there is no counter for P/Q corruption by design, so the bug here is purely the failure to read and repair.) The second case is intermittent because it depends on page-allocator recycling. Observed with fstests btrfs/297 (raid5, 2 devices): the corrupted P stripe intermittently stays corrupt after a scrub -- roughly 1/10 runs on x86-64 KVM and up to 7/8 on a UML build whose timing favors page reuse. Since the bio-list check can never be true for a parity-scrub rbio -- raid56_parity_alloc_scrub_rbio() adds a single empty completion bio (asserting bi_size == 0), bio_paddrs[] is only populated by index_rbio_pages() which is never called for BTRFS_RBIO_PARITY_SCRUB, and rbio_can_merge() refuses to merge rbios of different operations -- remove the dead check entirely and assert the invariant instead, as suggested by Qu Wenruo. After this fix the injected corruption is read, detected and repaired in every run (8/8 UML, 10/10 KVM), and the new assertion never fires across the full fstests raid group. Fixes: 5387bd958180 ("btrfs: raid56: remove sector_ptr structure") CC: stable@vger.kernel.org # 7.1+ Suggested-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo.btrfs@gmx.com> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-fable-5 Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Mykola Lysenko <nickolay.lysenko@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: zoned: skip fully truncated ordered extents at zone finishJohannes Thumshirn
A fully truncated ordered extent (truncated_len == 0) wrote no data, so its ->csum_list is empty and btrfs_finish_ordered_zoned() trips: assertion failed: !list_empty(&ordered->csum_list), in fs/btrfs/zoned.c:2141 Since commit 66ff4d366e7e a short or cancelled direct IO write finishes the unsubmitted ordered extent as truncated with uptodate = true instead of setting BTRFS_ORDERED_IOERR, so it now reaches btrfs_finish_ordered_zoned() rather than being skipped by the IOERR check in btrfs_finish_ordered_io(). generic/208 hits this on a zoned filesystem. Return early for these, like the BTRFS_ORDERED_PREALLOC case; there is no zone append result to record and btrfs_finish_one_ordered() skips them too. Fixes: 66ff4d366e7e ("btrfs: fix false IO failure after falling back to buffered write") Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: initialize 'args' to avoid compiler warning in btrfs_ioctl_get_csums()Paul E. McKenney
[COMPILER WARNING] With GCC 11.5.0 and KASAN enabled on ARM, the following warning is triggered during compiling: In file included from ./include/asm-generic/rwonce.h:26, from ./arch/arm64/include/asm/rwonce.h:81, from ./include/linux/compiler.h:369, from ./include/linux/array_size.h:5, from ./include/linux/kernel.h:16, from fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:6: In function ‘instrument_copy_from_user_before’, inlined from ‘_inline_copy_from_user’ at ./include/linux/uaccess.h:184:2, inlined from ‘copy_from_user’ at ./include/linux/uaccess.h:222:9, inlined from ‘btrfs_ioctl_get_csums.isra’ at fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:5220:6: ./include/linux/kasan-checks.h:38:27: warning: ‘args’ may be used uninitialized [-Wmaybe-uninitialized] 38 | #define kasan_check_write __kasan_check_write ./include/linux/instrumented.h:146:9: note: in expansion of macro ‘kasan_check_write’ 146 | kasan_check_write(to, n); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ fs/btrfs/ioctl.c: In function ‘btrfs_ioctl_get_csums.isra’: ./include/linux/kasan-checks.h:20:6: note: by argument 1 of type ‘const volatile void *’ to ‘__kasan_check_write’ declared here 20 | bool __kasan_check_write(const volatile void *p, unsigned int size); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:5201:43: note: ‘args’ declared here 5201 | struct btrfs_ioctl_get_csums_args args; | ^~~~ [POSSIBLE FALSE ALERTS] This seems to be a false alert from certain GCC versions. The @args is immediately over-written by copy_from_user(), and there is no code touching that @args until copy_from_user() finished correctly. [WORKAROUND] Initialize 'args' to zero, which suppresses the warning. Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: zoned: fix missing chunk metadata reservationGuanghui Yang
reserve_chunk_space() stores the return value of btrfs_zoned_activate_one_bg() in ret. The helper can return 1 after successfully activating a block group, but ret is later used to decide whether to reserve metadata for chunk tree updates. As a result, successful activation skips btrfs_block_rsv_add() and leaves trans->chunk_bytes_reserved unchanged. Use a separate variable for the activation result so positive success does not affect the later reservation. Keep activation failures in ret instead of returning early so the function uses the common tail path. Fixes: b6a98021e401 ("btrfs: zoned: activate necessary block group") CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Guanghui Yang <3497809730@qq.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: raid56: fix an incorrect csum skip during scrubQu Wenruo
Commit 7425a2894019 ("btrfs: introduce btrfs_bio_for_each_block_all() helper") uses the new helper to replace the nested loop inside verify_bio_data_sectors(), which simplifies the code. However that also changed the behavior of "continue" when a block has no data checksum. Previously the "continue" would skip the old for() loop, which would also increase @total_sector_nr. Now the "continue" will skip the new btrfs_bio_for_each_block_all() loop, which doesn't update @total_sector_nr. This means if we hit a block that has no data checksum, we will skip all the remaining blocks no matter if they have data checksum. As @total_sector_nr will never be updated, and that test_bit() will always return false. Fix it by increasing @total_sector_nr before calling "continue". Fixes: 7425a2894019 ("btrfs: introduce btrfs_bio_for_each_block_all() helper") Reviewed-by: Daniel Vacek <neelx@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: report missing raid stripe tree root during lookupDongjiang Zhu
When rescue=ibadroots ignores a failure to load the raid stripe tree root, fs_info->stripe_root remains NULL. After the rescue mount proceeds, reading file data that requires the raid stripe tree reaches btrfs_get_raid_extent_offset(). Currently btrfs_search_slot() handles the NULL root and returns -EINVAL. This avoids a NULL pointer dereference, but provides no diagnostic and incorrectly describes missing filesystem metadata as an invalid argument. Check stripe_root before allocating a path, emit a rate-limited error with the logical address, and return -EUCLEAN. Lookups with a valid stripe root are unchanged. Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Dongjiang Zhu <zhudongjiang@fnnas.com> Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: skip global block reserve accounting for rescue mountsDongjiang Zhu
[BUG] Mounting with rescue=ibadroots after corrupting the block group tree root triggers a NULL pointer dereference: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000100 RIP: 0010:btrfs_update_global_block_rsv+0x9d/0x1c0 [btrfs] Call Trace: fill_dummy_bgs+0xd4/0x120 [btrfs] open_ctree+0xc6e/0x1ca0 [btrfs] btrfs_get_tree+0x50d/0xa40 [btrfs] The same crash occurs with a corrupted raid stripe tree root, via btrfs_read_block_groups() instead of fill_dummy_bgs(). [CAUSE] With rescue=ibadroots, btrfs_read_roots() allows the mount to continue when either root cannot be read, leaving the corresponding root pointer NULL while its on-disk feature bit remains set. btrfs_update_global_block_rsv() then dereferences the missing root based on the feature bit alone. [FIX] Rescue mounts are fully read-only and cannot start transactions, so the global reserve is never consumed. Under btrfs_is_full_ro(), mark the reserve as full and return before performing the accounting. And since we need to check if the fs is mount fully RO, export fs_is_full_ro() as btrfs_is_full_ro(), and move it to fs.h. Fixes: 8dbfc14fc736 ("btrfs: account block group tree when calculating global reserve size") Fixes: 515020900d44 ("btrfs: read raid stripe tree from disk") Suggested-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Dongjiang Zhu <zhudongjiang@fnnas.com> [ Squash the fs_is_full_ro() export commit into this one. ] Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: zoned: reset meta_write_pointer on zone resetJohannes Thumshirn
btrfs_reset_unused_block_groups() resets a block group's zone and sets alloc_offset back to 0 so the space can be reused, but it leaves meta_write_pointer pointing at the previous end of the zone. Once the block group is reactivated and reused for metadata, newly allocated tree blocks live before that stale write pointer. btrfs_check_meta_write_pointer() then sees them behind the write pointer, so they can never be written out in sequential order: the dirty extent buffers are stranded and pin their btree_inode folios until unmount. Reset meta_write_pointer back to the start of the block group for metadata and system block groups. Fixes: 453a73c3069a ("btrfs: zoned: reclaim unused zone by zone resetting") Reviewed-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: zoned: fix deadlock between metadata writeback and transaction commitJohannes Thumshirn
When writing out metadata extent buffers in a zoned filesystem, btree_writepages() holds fs_info->zoned_meta_io_lock across the whole writeback loop, including the call to btrfs_check_meta_write_pointer() -> check_bg_is_active(). For the tree-log block group, check_bg_is_active() may fail to activate the zone and fall back to btrfs_zone_finish_one_bg() to free an active zone. That path waits for the running transaction to commit while still holding zoned_meta_io_lock, but the committer needs that same lock to write out the tree extents, so the two tasks deadlock: Task A (kworker, metadata writeback) Task B (fsstress, transaction commit) ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------- wb_workfn() btrfs_commit_transaction(T) btree_writepages() btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction() btrfs_zoned_meta_io_lock() btrfs_write_marked_extents() btrfs_check_meta_write_pointer() btree_writepages() check_bg_is_active() [treelog_bg] btrfs_zoned_meta_io_lock() btrfs_zone_finish_one_bg() <blocks on zoned_meta_io_lock, btrfs_zone_finish() held by Task A> do_zone_finish() btrfs_inc_block_group_ro() btrfs_wait_for_commit() <blocks waiting for commit of transaction T, done by Task B> The sibling branch in check_bg_is_active() already drops zoned_meta_io_lock around do_zone_finish() for this exact reason. Do the same in the tree-log branch: release the lock around btrfs_zone_finish_one_bg() and re-acquire it afterwards. The lock only protects fs_info->active_{meta,system}_bg, which this branch does not touch, and ctx->zoned_bg keeps a reference to the block group across the unlock, so nothing is lost while the lock is dropped. This hang occasionally reproduces with fstests generic/475 on a zoned btrfs filesystem. Fixes: 13bb483d32ab ("btrfs: zoned: activate metadata block group on write time") Reviewed-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-21btrfs: fix leaking BTRFS_FS_STATE_REMOUNTING flagQu Wenruo
[BUG] The following script can lead to unexpected qgroup rescan failure: # mkfs.btrfs -f -O quota $dev # mount $dev $mnt # mount -o remount,rescue=ibadroots $mnt ^^^^^ This above command is expected to fail # btrfs quota rescan -w $mnt ^^^^^ The above qgroup rescan is not expected to fail # btrfs qgroup show $mnt WARNING: qgroup data inconsistent, rescan recommended Qgroupid Referenced Exclusive Path -------- ---------- --------- ---- 0/5 16.00KiB 16.00KiB <toplevel> The above short script will be converted to a proper fstests case. [CAUSE] Inside btrfs_reconfigure(), if either btrfs_check_options() or btrfs_check_features() failed, we will always have BTRFS_FS_STATE_REMOUNTING set for the fs until the next successful remount. That BTRFS_FS_STATE_REMOUNTING flag will interrupt several operations, including: - Qgroup rescan - Auto defrag - Space reclaim [FIX] Change the error handling of btrfs_check_options() and btrfs_check_features() to goto restore label. Fixes: eddb1a433f26 ("btrfs: add reconfigure callback for fs_context") Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com> Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
2026-07-20ecryptfs: use filemap_dirty_folio for address space operationsAditya Prakash Srivastava
ecryptfs does not use buffer_heads. The legacy block_dirty_folio and block_invalidate_folio mapping operations were only added as a temporary compatibility fallback under CONFIG_BLOCK. Since ecryptfs does not attach private metadata (such as buffer_heads) to its folios, block_dirty_folio is unnecessary. Modernize ecryptfs to use filemap_dirty_folio for its dirty_folio address space operation. This allows removing the block_dirty_folio and block_invalidate_folio fallbacks, removing the buffer_head header include, and removing the CONFIG_BLOCK dependency inside ecryptfs_aops. Signed-off-by: Aditya Prakash Srivastava <aditya.ansh182@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <code@tyhicks.com>
2026-07-20ecryptfs: avoid heap allocation for inode size writeYichong Chen
ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_header() allocates an 8-byte buffer only to write the encoded inode size to the lower file header. Use a stack __be64 value instead. This avoids an unnecessary allocation and removes a failure path without changing the data written to disk. Signed-off-by: Yichong Chen <chenyichong@uniontech.com> Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <code@tyhicks.com>
2026-07-20ecryptfs: show filename encryption optionsYichong Chen
ecryptfs_show_options() prints most user-visible mount options but omits the filename encryption cipher and key size. Print ecryptfs_fn_cipher and ecryptfs_fn_key_bytes when filename encryption is enabled so that the displayed mount options reflect the active filename encryption settings. Fixes: 87c94c4df014 ("eCryptfs: Filename Encryption: mount option") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Yichong Chen <chenyichong@uniontech.com> Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <code@tyhicks.com>
2026-07-20eCryptfs: bound the packet-length peek to the user bufferPengpeng Hou
ecryptfs_miscdev_write() accepts the minimum one-byte packet-length encoding, but always copies the maximum two-byte encoding from userspace before parsing it. A six-byte message therefore reads one byte beyond the submitted user buffer. Zero-initialize the peek buffer and copy only the packet-length bytes present. The existing exact packet-size check still rejects truncated two-byte encodings after the parser determines their encoded length. Fixes: 8bf2debd5f7b ("eCryptfs: introduce device handle for userspace daemon communications") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Pengpeng Hou <pengpeng@iscas.ac.cn> Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <code@tyhicks.com>
2026-07-20ecryptfs: reject too-small tag 70 packetsYichong Chen
ecryptfs_parse_tag_70_packet() subtracts fixed metadata fields from the parsed packet body size to derive the encrypted filename size. A malformed packet with a body smaller than those fixed fields can underflow that size calculation. Reject tag 70 packets before the subtraction unless the body contains the signature, cipher code, and at least one byte of encrypted filename data. Fixes: 9c79f34f7ee7 ("eCryptfs: Filename Encryption: Tag 70 packets") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Yichong Chen <chenyichong@uniontech.com> Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <code@tyhicks.com>
2026-07-20ecryptfs: fix tag 11 packet exact-fit size checkYichong Chen
parse_tag_11_packet() rejects a packet when the already-consumed tag and length bytes plus the packet body exceed the caller supplied maximum packet size. The check currently adds one extra byte, even though *packet_size already includes the tag byte before the length is parsed. Remove the extra byte so a tag 11 packet that exactly fits the available buffer is accepted while oversized packets are still rejected. Fixes: 237fead61998 ("[PATCH] ecryptfs: fs/Makefile and fs/Kconfig") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Yichong Chen <chenyichong@uniontech.com> Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <code@tyhicks.com>
2026-07-20ecryptfs: pass packet set buffer size to parserYichong Chen
ecryptfs_parse_packet_set() receives a pointer into the file header, but it calculates the remaining packet buffer size from PAGE_SIZE - 8. For version 1 headers the packet set starts later in the header, so this can overstate the available buffer. Pass the actual packet set buffer length from the caller and calculate per-packet limits from the remaining bytes in that buffer. Recompute the remaining length after consuming a tag 3 packet before parsing the following tag 11 packet. Fixes: 237fead61998 ("[PATCH] ecryptfs: fs/Makefile and fs/Kconfig") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Yichong Chen <chenyichong@uniontech.com> Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <code@tyhicks.com>
2026-07-20fs/proc/task_mmu: fix PAGEMAP_SCAN written state for PMD holesKiryl Shutsemau (Meta)
PAGEMAP_SCAN reports an unpopulated PTE in a uffd-wp VMA as written, but a range with no page table at all -- a PMD hole -- is skipped: pagemap_scan_pte_hole() tests p->cur_vma_category, which never carries PAGE_IS_WRITTEN, so the hole is neither reported nor (under PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING) armed. In a uffd-wp VMA, WP_UNPOPULATED installs uffd-wp markers when protecting a range, allocating page tables as needed, so an unpopulated slot is treated as written -- see the pte_none() handling in pagemap_page_category(). A missing marker therefore means the range was zapped, e.g. via MADV_DONTNEED. This applies to anon and shmem VMAs. An anonymous THP is write-protected in place as a huge PMD, so a full-PMD MADV_DONTNEED clears it to pmd_none -- a hole with no page table -- and pagemap_scan_pte_hole() misses it. For a MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON mapping MADV_DONTNEED has fill-with-zeros semantics, so a write-tracking checkpoint/migration tool (e.g. CRIU) treats the range as unchanged and keeps its previous contents; after restore or live migration the process reads stale data instead of zeroes -- data corruption. Report a hole in a non-hugetlb uffd-wp VMA as written, matching the pte_none handling in pagemap_page_category(); the existing PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING path then arms it via uffd_wp_range(). hugetlb is excluded: pagemap_hugetlb_category() reports an empty hugetlb entry (huge_pte_none) as not-written, unlike pagemap_page_category(), which reports pte_none as written. pagemap_scan_pte_hole() fires for a hugetlb slot only when it has no page table; keeping that not-written matches how an allocated-but-empty hugetlb entry reads, so the hole and the empty-entry cases agree within the VMA. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260715144234.442721-2-kirill@shutemov.name Fixes: 2bad466cc9d9 ("mm/uffd: UFFD_FEATURE_WP_UNPOPULATED") Signed-off-by: Kiryl Shutsemau <kas@kernel.org> Reported-by: Sashiko AI review <sashiko-bot@kernel.org> Closes: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260707151349.92143-1-kirill@shutemov.name Tested-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@arm.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Liam R. Howlett <liam@infradead.org> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <ljs@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Pedro Falcato <pfalcato@suse.de> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org> Cc: Zenghui Yu <zenghui.yu@linux.dev> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-fable-5 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-07-20ocfs2: fix boundary check in ocfs2_check_dir_entry() to use buffer offsetJoseph Qi
Commit 390ac56cf0f6 ("ocfs2: add boundary check to ocfs2_check_dir_entry()") added an out-of-bounds guard using the caller-supplied 'offset' argument: if (offset > size - OCFS2_DIR_REC_LEN(1)) return 0; However, 'offset' and 'size' are not measured against the same base for all callers. In the block-based lookup path, ocfs2_find_entry_el() passes 'offset' as an absolute offset into the whole directory: i = ocfs2_search_dirblock(bh, dir, name, namelen, block << sb->s_blocksize_bits, bh->b_data, sb->s_blocksize, res_dir); while 'size' is a single block size (sb->s_blocksize). For any directory entry located in the second or later block, 'offset' is >= sb->s_blocksize, so the guard rejects every such entry even though it is perfectly valid and lies entirely within its block buffer. This makes mounting fail for filesystems whose system directory spans more than one block, e.g. a volume formatted with a small block size: mkfs.ocfs2 -b 512 -C 4096 -N 2 -T datafiles --fs-features=usrquota,grpquota ocfs2_check_dir_entry:314 ERROR: directory entry (#18: offset=512) too close to end or out-of-bounds ocfs2_init_local_system_inodes:496 ERROR: status=-22, sysfile=12, slot=0 ocfs2_mount_volume:1757 ERROR: status = -22 The dirent's position within the buffer being validated is ((char *)de - buf), which is what the rest of the function already uses (via next_offset) and what must be bounds-checked against 'size'. Compute that buffer-relative offset and use it for the guard. The subtraction is reordered to size - buf_offset < OCFS2_DIR_REC_LEN(1) to avoid an unsigned underflow when size is smaller than the minimal record length. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260710040512.3310736-1-joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com Fixes: 390ac56cf0f6 ("ocfs2: add boundary check to ocfs2_check_dir_entry()") Signed-off-by: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitry Antipov <dmantipov@yandex.ru> Tested-by: Dmitry Antipov <dmantipov@yandex.ru> Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com> Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org> Cc: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com> Cc: Changwei Ge <gechangwei@live.cn> Cc: Jun Piao <piaojun@huawei.com> Cc: Heming Zhao <heming.zhao@suse.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-07-20fs/proc/task_mmu: fix PAGEMAP_SCAN written state for unpopulated ptesKiryl Shutsemau (Meta)
PAGEMAP_SCAN reports an unpopulated pte differently depending on which path serves the request. The PAGE_IS_WRITTEN fast path in pagemap_scan_pmd_entry() reports a pte_none as written (and, under PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING, arms a marker); pagemap_page_category() returns 0 for the same pte_none. A request that cannot take the fast path (an extra category bit, category_anyof_mask or category_inverted) therefore reports the pte as clean and skips arming it. A range that was populated and then MADV_DONTNEED'd reads as written via one mask and clean via another, and in the latter case is not re-armed for the next round -- an incremental-dump consumer (e.g. CRIU) using a richer mask drops the zapped range and stops tracking writes to it. Report pte_none as written in pagemap_page_category() too. A pte_none carries no uffd-wp marker, i.e. it is not write-protected -- the same condition under which the present and swap cases already report PAGE_IS_WRITTEN. The fast path applies no VMA test, so neither does this. The hugetlb and fully-unpopulated-PMD (no page table) scans have no PAGE_IS_WRITTEN fast path, so they do not exhibit the per-entry divergence and are left unchanged. Add a pagemap_ioctl selftest that populates a range, drops it with MADV_DONTNEED, and checks that the fast path and the generic (category_anyof_mask) path both report every page written. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260707151349.92143-1-kirill@shutemov.name Fixes: 12f6b01a0bcb ("fs/proc/task_mmu: add fast paths to get/clear PAGE_IS_WRITTEN flag") Signed-off-by: Kiryl Shutsemau <kas@kernel.org> Cc: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Liam R. Howlett <liam@infradead.org> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <ljs@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Pedro Falcato <pfalcato@suse.de> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-fable-5 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-07-20binfmt_misc: set have_execfd only once the interpreter is openedChristian Brauner
load_misc_binary() raises bprm->have_execfd as soon as it sees the 'O' (or 'C') flag. This happens well before it opens the interpreter. If that open fails the flag stays set on the bprm. binfmt_misc is at the head of the format list so an interpreter open failure that returns -ENOEXEC lets the search fall through to a later format. This means it runs the matched binary directly having never staged an interpreter. So bprm->executable is NULL while have_execfd falsely claims a descriptor is present. Consequently, begin_new_exec() dereferences the missing executable: would_dump(bprm, bprm->executable); and NULL derefs. Had it not, the hand-off later in the same function would have failed anyway. FD_ADD(0, bprm->executable) rejects a NULL file with -ENOMEM. Both sites are past the point of no return so the exec cannot be unwound either way. This can be reached by unprivileged users as binfmt_misc can be mounted in user namespaces. So a user can register an 'O' entry whose interpreter lives on a FUSE mount, have the FUSE server fail the open with -ENOEXEC and execute a native ELF file that matches the entry. have_execfd only means anything alongside the executable it describes which is not set until the interpreter has been opened and staged. So lets raise it there, next to execfd_creds, which is already set at that point. An open failure now leaves it clear, so the fallback format derives credentials from the binary and emits no AT_EXECFD, as it would for any native exec. The argv rewrite load_misc_binary() performs before the open is still not undone. This means the binary sees the interpreter path in argv[0] and its own path in argv[1] but that predates this change and only became observable once the exec stopped faulting. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260720-beglichen-kognitiv-organismus-5e1e55326c56@brauner Fixes: bc2bf338d54b ("exec: Remove recursion from search_binary_handler") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fs/resctrl: Use correct format specifier for printing error pointersReinette Chatre
Use correct format specifier for error pointer as Coccinelle suggests: .../fs/resctrl/monitor.c:148:8-15: WARNING: Consider using %pe to print PTR_ERR() .../fs/resctrl/monitor.c:760:9-16: WARNING: Consider using %pe to print PTR_ERR() Signed-off-by: Reinette Chatre <reinette.chatre@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de> Reviewed-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Tested-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@amd.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/b4a45de57eca6364b7df9455f9eb25aa9bab5807.1782857711.git.reinette.chatre@intel.com
2026-07-20Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-07-20-11-37' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull misc fixes from Andrew Morton: "12 hotfixes. 8 are cc:stable and the remainder address post-7.1 issues or aren't considered appropriate for backporting. 10 are for MM. All are singletons - please see the relevant changelogs for details" * tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-07-20-11-37' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: mm/memory-failure: trace: change memory_failure_event to ras subsystem mm: page_reporting: allow driver to set batch capacity mm/kmemleak: fix checksum computation for per-cpu objects mm/damon/core: disallow overlapping input ranges for damon_set_regions() MAINTAINERS: add Usama as a THP reviewer fat: avoid stack overflow warning mm/damon/core: validate ranges in damon_set_regions() m68k: avoid -Wunused-but-set-parameter in clear_user_page() mm/huge_memory: set PG_has_hwpoisoned only after new folio head is established mm/page_vma_mapped: fix device-private PMD handling MAINTAINERS: s/SeongJae/SJ/ userfaultfd: prevent registration of special VMAs
2026-07-20hfs: port HFS+ b-tree bitmap corruption checkAditya Prakash Srivastava
In HFS+ filesystems, during b-tree open (hfs_btree_open()), the code verifies that the allocation map bit for the tree header (node 0) is set. If not, it indicates a corrupted map record/bitmap and mounts the volume as read-only (SB_RDONLY) to prevent further damage. HFS filesystems share the same b-tree structure but currently lack this corruption detection check. Port this check to HFS, aligning its implementation with HFS+ to maintain consistent b-tree logic across both filesystems: 1. Define struct hfs_bmap_ctx, and define HFS_TREE_HEAD and the relevant map record indices in include/linux/hfs_common.h. 2. Port the necessary offset and length validation helpers to fs/hfs/btree.h as static inline functions with robust null pointer checks. 3. Implement static hfs_bmap_get_map_page() in fs/hfs/btree.c. 4. Implement static hfs_bmap_test_bit() in fs/hfs/btree.c to inspect the B-tree bitmap using the get_map_page helper. 5. Implement static hfs_bmap_clear_bit() in fs/hfs/btree.c. 6. Rewrite hfs_bmap_alloc() in fs/hfs/btree.c to use the unified hfs_bmap_get_map_page() helper, eliminating redundant page and offset calculation code. 7. Refactor hfs_bmap_free() in fs/hfs/btree.c to use the new hfs_bmap_clear_bit() helper. 8. In hfs_btree_open(), retrieve the header node via hfs_bnode_find(), test its allocation bit with hfs_bmap_test_bit(), and release it using hfs_bnode_put(). Suggested-by: Viacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/6a36101b.be22b350.2a3e9.0001.GAE@google.com/T/#r446d0fed2a2900bd805534bbcb799d86619ae2ea Signed-off-by: Aditya Prakash Srivastava <aditya.ansh182@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Viacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com> Signed-off-by: Viacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260716074150.1660-1-aditya.ansh182@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Viacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com>
2026-07-20f2fs: Update outdated comment in f2fs_write_begin()Eric Biggers
Refer to f2fs_set_bio_crypt_ctx() instead of the removed function f2fs_encrypt_one_page(). Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260718214655.63186-3-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fscrypt: Replace some variable-size memsets with fixed-sizeEric Biggers
For zeroing IVs and raw keys, remove the misguided optimization of zeroing the actual size used (typically 16 and 64 bytes respectively) instead of the max size (32 and 64 bytes respectively). Using a compile-time constant size allows the compiler to specialize the memset for that size (typically by inlining a few 'mov' instructions), which is more important than zeroing a few extra bytes with these small sizes. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260718205606.50713-1-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fscrypt: Add safety checks to non-block-based en/decryptionEric Biggers
fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(), fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace(), fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace() would dereference a NULL fscrypt_inode_info pointer if they were to be called on a file that hasn't been opened yet or on a block-based filesystem. Since they have the ability to report errors anyway, add WARN_ON_ONCE checks for this. Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-18-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fscrypt: Merge bio.c and inline_crypt.c into block.cEric Biggers
Now that fscrypt always uses blk-crypto on block-based filesystems, there's no meaningful difference between bio.c and inline_crypt.c. Therefore merge the two files into one named block.c. Note: I didn't carry over bio.c's "Copyright (C) 2015, Motorola Mobility", as none of the code that applied to remained. Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-17-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fscrypt: Remove unused functions and workqueueEric Biggers
Remove functions that are no longer used: - fscrypt_decrypt_bio() - fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks() - fscrypt_inode_uses_fs_layer_crypto() - fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto() - fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work() This makes the decryption workqueue unused, so remove it too. Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-16-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fscrypt: Remove fs-layer zeroout codeEric Biggers
Now that fscrypt's file contents en/decryption is always implemented using blk-crypto when the filesystem is block-based, the fs-layer zeroout code in fs/crypto/bio.c is unused code. Remove it, then fold fscrypt_zeroout_range_inline_crypt() into fscrypt_zeroout_range(). Then make fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page() and fscrypt_crypt_data_unit() static, since they're no longer called from any other file. Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-15-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fscrypt: Remove fscrypt_dio_supported()Eric Biggers
On block-based filesystems, fscrypt file contents encryption is now always implemented using blk-crypto. This implementation supports direct I/O. Therefore, fscrypt_dio_supported() now always returns true, except in the edge case where statx(STATX_DIOALIGN) is called on an encrypted regular file that hasn't had its key set up. But that was really a workaround rather than the desired behavior, so we can disregard it. Thus, fscrypt_dio_supported() is no longer needed. Remove it. Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-14-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fscrypt: Replace calls to fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto()Eric Biggers
Now that fscrypt's file contents en/decryption is always implemented using blk-crypto when the filesystem is block-based, the calls to fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto() in fs/crypto/inline_crypt.c (which contains functions that are called only from block-based filesystems) are equivalent to checking whether the file is an encrypted regular file, i.e. fscrypt_needs_contents_encryption(). Use that instead. Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-13-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20fs/buffer: Remove fs-layer decryption codeEric Biggers
Now that fscrypt's file contents en/decryption is always implemented using blk-crypto when the filesystem is block-based, the fs-layer decryption code in fs/buffer.c is unused code. Remove it. Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-12-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20f2fs: Remove fs-layer file contents en/decryption codeEric Biggers
Now that fscrypt's file contents en/decryption is always implemented using blk-crypto when the filesystem is block-based, the fs-layer en/decryption code in f2fs is unused code. Remove it. Note that the struct f2fs_io_info field encrypted_page is kept because it is still used by the garbage collection path to relocate encrypted blocks using raw meta pages from META_MAPPING. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-11-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20ext4: Further de-generalize the bio postprocessing codeEric Biggers
Since the bio postprocessing code in fs/ext4/readpage.c is now used only for fsverity, rename things accordingly. Also: - Don't create the caches at all when !CONFIG_FS_VERITY. - Remove the unused inode argument from ext4_set_verity_work(). Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-10-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20ext4: Make ext4_bio_write_folio() return voidEric Biggers
Since the fs-layer file contents encryption implementation was removed, ext4_bio_write_folio() now always returns 0. Change it to return void, and likewise for its caller mpage_submit_folio(). Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-9-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-07-20ext4: Remove fs-layer file contents en/decryption codeEric Biggers
Now that fscrypt's file contents en/decryption is always implemented using blk-crypto when the filesystem is block-based, the fs-layer en/decryption code in ext4 is unused code. Remove it. Note that this makes possible some additional cleanups, but they're left to later commits: - Making ext4_bio_write_folio() return void - Renaming bio_post_read_ctx to fsverity_ctx or similar, and allocating the pool only when fsverity support is needed Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713023708.9245-8-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>