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Add verifier coverage for the distinction between owning and borrowed
arguments to bpf_refcount_acquire().
An owning pointer returned by bpf_obj_new() must continue producing a
non-NULL result without an extra check. An RCU-loaded local kptr is only
borrowed, so a checked result must load successfully while passing an
unchecked result to bpf_obj_drop() must be rejected as possibly NULL.
Use a sleepable syscall program for the borrowed cases so the explicit RCU
critical section is what permits the local kptr load. Without the verifier
fix, the unchecked case is incorrectly accepted. With it, the verifier
rejects the possibly NULL argument.
Signed-off-by: Ning Ding <dingning04@gmail.com>
[ kkd: Rewrote commit log ]
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260904084325.52250-5-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add verifier coverage for the two ways a non-percpu pointer can be stored
in a __percpu_kptr field: a program-BTF local allocation returned by
bpf_obj_new(), and a referenced kernel-BTF task_struct pointer.
Without the verifier fix, both programs are unexpectedly accepted and the
negative tests fail. Requiring MEM_PERCPU makes both programs fail
verification with the expected invalid-kptr diagnostic.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260904084325.52250-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Check that a register-form NULL check does not lift PTR_MAYBE_NULL on
a path where the compared register is non-zero. W/o the previous patch
the program is accepted.
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260904083325.2083493-8-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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Add jmp32_ptr_vs_zero_jne: the fall-through of the 32-bit compare, which
the verifier used to skip, contains an out of bounds map value access,
hence w/o the previous patch the program is accepted. See previous patch
for detailed description.
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260904083325.2083493-6-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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linked_regs_too_many_regs checks that collect_linked_regs() ties at most
LINKED_REGS_MAX registers for a single jump. Compare r5 instead of r0,
so that the register the jump compares is itself the member that does
not fit, and check that it comes out of the jump unlinked.
W/o the previous patch env->{false,true}_reg{1,2} bring r5's id back and
insn 7 is logged as "R5=scalar(id=1,...)".
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260904083325.2083493-4-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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Check that a comparison against a pointer whose offset is not bounded
from above does not make the verifier infer that a nullable pointer is
not NULL, and that a bounded offset still does. W/o the previous patch
the first test is accepted.
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260904083325.2083493-2-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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BFS (not to be confused with BeFS, the BeOS filesystem) is the
filesystem UnixWare uses for its boot partition. It has extremely
limited functionality, only supporting contiguous files and no
subdirectories. Even though the bfs driver is very small and is
unlikely to cause future maintenance problems, given that the only type
of data stored on such a partition is likely to be kernels and
bootloader settings, there is very little reason anyone would want to
access it from Linux. Other old Unix filesystems (efs, freevxfs) have
been removed recently, and bfs is highly unlikely to have any users, so
remove it as well. Retain the UAPI header to be safe.
Also update the former maintainer's email address in CREDITS.
Signed-off-by: Ethan Nelson-Moore <enelsonmoore@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260904082954.48738-1-enelsonmoore@gmail.com
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (ARM) <ljs@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Tigran Aivazian <aivazian.tigran@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
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CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT makes kobject_add_internal(), kobject_uevent_env(),
fill_kobj_path() and friends emit pr_debug() messages, and
CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE makes kobject_release() emit a pr_info()
for every delayed kobject free. All of these carry the "kobject:" prefix
via pr_fmt(), e.g.:
# --- expected
# +++ result
# @@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
# % insmod test_modules/test_klp_livepatch.ko
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): kobject_add_internal: parent: 'module', set: 'module'
# +kobject: 'holders' (000000002856f0ae): kobject_add_internal: parent: 'test_klp_livepatch', set: '<NULL>'
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (00000000dcae1113): kobject_add_internal: parent: 'livepatch', set: '<NULL>'
# +kobject: 'vmlinux' (000000007b8837e6): kobject_add_internal: parent: 'test_klp_livepatch', set: '<NULL>'
# livepatch: enabling patch 'test_klp_livepatch'
# livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': initializing patching transition
# livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': starting patching transition
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): kobject_uevent_env
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): fill_kobj_path: path = '/module/test_klp_livepatch'
# livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': completing patching transition
# livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': patching complete
# % echo 0 > /sys/kernel/livepatch/test_klp_livepatch/enabled
# @@ -9,4 +15,17 @@ livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': initial
# livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': starting unpatching transition
# livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': completing unpatching transition
# livepatch: 'test_klp_livepatch': unpatching complete
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (00000000dcae1113): kobject_release, parent 00000000f8785d63 (delayed 2000)
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (00000000dcae1113): kobject_cleanup, parent 00000000f8785d63
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (00000000dcae1113): auto cleanup kobject_del
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (00000000dcae1113): calling ktype release
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch': free name
# % rmmod test_klp_livepatch
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): kobject_release, parent 0000000052e5c022 (delayed 3000)
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): kobject_cleanup, parent 0000000052e5c022
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): auto cleanup kobject_del
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): auto cleanup 'remove' event
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): kobject_uevent_env
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): fill_kobj_path: path = '/module/test_klp_livepatch'
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch' (000000009dbf565e): calling ktype release
# +kobject: 'test_klp_livepatch': free name
#
# ERROR: livepatch kselftest(s) failed
not ok 1 selftests: livepatch: test-livepatch.sh # exit=1
The livepatch test modules' kobjects are named "test_klp_*", so these
lines match the check_result() grep for "test_klp" and leak into the
result. The extra lines no longer match the expected output, so the
selftests fail when either debug config is enabled.
Filtering out every "kobject:" line also hides real WARN()s, e.g. the
one kobject_get() emits for an object whose refcount was not
initialized. Filtering with "dmesg --level=..." is not enough either,
since the tests enable livepatch pr_debug() through dynamic_debug/control
and expect its messages. Read the log with "dmesg --raw" and drop only
the debug-level messages without the "livepatch:" prefix, plus the
specific delayed-release info message.
Suggested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Tested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260830054857.64758-3-laoar.shao@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
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kernfs_test only checked two xattr calls. It did not touch the part of
kernfs that userspace hits most: the dentry cache.
The kernel adds and removes kernfs nodes on its own, with no VFS call
behind it, and removal cannot always unhash the dentries that are
already cached. So ->d_revalidate() is what keeps the cache honest,
let's add tests for it.
Add tests that make the kernel change kernfs directly, instead of going
through create and unlink:
- writing cgroup.subtree_control makes the kernel add and remove files
in every child cgroup. That checks two things: a cached negative
dentry is dropped once the file appears, and a cached positive one
is dropped once the file goes away.
- renaming a network interface renames the sysfs node under a dentry
that is already cached.
- sysfs mounted in a new network namespace must list that namespace's
interfaces and not the parent's, which covers the KERNFS_NS tagging
code.
- many lookups running against concurrent mkdir and rmdir. A lookup
may only succeed or fail with an errno that means "it is gone".
- open across removal, readdir returning each entry once, and a
telldir()/seekdir() round trip, which uses the name hash cookie in
kernfs_dir_pos().
Test the other direction too: walking dentries that are already cached
must not drop them. That is not just a slowdown. d_invalidate() calls
detach_mounts(), so a dentry dropped by mistake also unmounts whatever
is mounted under that directory.
Both filesystems are needed. cgroup2 has no ->rename and is not
namespace tagged. sysfs cannot be mounted with a set of children we
control. The config fragment stops a kernel built with kselftest-merge
from passing while it runs almost nothing.
To confirm the tests really catch a broken backstop, kernfs_dir_changed()
was stubbed to return false. 8 of the 11 tests then failed.
Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260902014050.499002-1-shakeel.butt@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
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The PIDFD_GET_INFO PPID check compares info.ppid against getppid(), but
its failure message prints pid and info.pid from the preceding PID
check.
Print the PPID values being compared so that a failure reports the
correct information.
Fixes: cdda1f26e74b ("pidfd: add ioctl to retrieve pid info")
Signed-off-by: Paul Dolan <paul.dolan.dev@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260902162615.11531-1-paul.dolan.dev@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
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The CLONE_CLEAR_SIGHAND test intends to verify that
CLONE_CLEAR_SIGHAND and CLONE_SIGHAND are mutually exclusive. However,
CLONE_SIGHAND without CLONE_VM is independently invalid, so the test
input has another reason to fail with EINVAL.
Add CLONE_VM so that CLONE_SIGHAND is otherwise valid, and require
clone3() to fail with EINVAL. This ensures the test exercises the
intended flag conflict and does not accept an unrelated failure.
Fixes: de5287235631 ("tests: test CLONE_CLEAR_SIGHAND")
Signed-off-by: Paul Dolan <paul.dolan.dev@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260902174939.15135-1-paul.dolan.dev@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
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The netfilter framework is allergic to ip header changing after
validation done by ip/ipv6 stack.
Assert that bpf netfilter programs do not allow skb write access.
Following additional tests are expected to be rejected by verifier:
1. alter skb->len.
2. alter skb->data.
3. prog calls bpf_dynptr_slice_rdwr.
4. alter location returned by dynptr API.
Add following test case for bpf runtime:
- alter skb data via bpf_dynptr_write()
Test checks via __retval() that bpf_dynptr_write() returned nonzero value.
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Reviewed-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903065845.22762-1-fw@strlen.de
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add verifier coverage for the callback restriction on legacy packet
loads. Exercise BPF_LD_ABS directly in a bpf_loop callback and
BPF_LD_IND from a static subprogram called by the callback, ensuring that
callback context follows nested static calls.
Also exercise a callback which reaches BPF_LD_IND through a global
function and its static descendant. A sibling success case calls the same
global chain outside a callback, preserving support for ordinary global
packet loads. Existing success cases continue to cover loads from ordinary
static subprograms.
The failure cases expect the policy-specific rejection instead of reaching
the implicit-return path, triggering a verifier warning, or being accepted
through a function boundary.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903214758.2727663-9-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add verifier coverage for the sleepable bpf_get_stack() and
bpf_get_task_stack() implementations. Call each helper while preemption is
disabled and require the verifier to reject it as sleepable.
Both programs load when the prototypes lack might_sleep, so the
expected-failure tests fail. Keep success controls outside the
non-preemptible region to ensure ordinary calls from sleepable uprobes
remain valid.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903214758.2727663-7-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add an expected failure case which calls
bpf_btf_find_by_name_kind() from a BPF timer callback. Without the
helper prototype being marked sleepable, the verifier accepts the
program and the load unexpectedly succeeds.
Also add a positive control which calls the helper directly from a
syscall program. This verifies that marking the helper sleepable only
rejects it in non-sleepable regions.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903214758.2727663-5-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add a verifier failure case where an rbtree comparator enters two nested
static subprograms and the innermost subprogram unlocks and relocks the
tree. Restoring the lock keeps the surrounding callback state balanced,
so the test specifically exercises whether the callback restriction follows
the nested calls.
Also add a load-only positive control whose comparator calls a harmless
static subprogram. This preserves the intended support for verified static
subprogram calls while holding the tree lock.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903214758.2727663-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Check bpf_fastcall pattern detection when the pattern is entered at an
instruction other than the first spill:
- a jump to the first spill allows the rewrite;
- conditional/unconditional a jump to the call or to the fill does not
allow the rewrite.
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903205820.1743087-2-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add a test to verify that destination register of a 32-bit cmpxchg
operating on an arena pointer is explicitly zero extended.
W/o patch #1 this did not happen.
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903171542.1438050-3-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"18 hotfixes. 13 are cc:stable. 15 are for MM.
All are singletons - please see the changelogs for details.
There are no fixes (yet) for all the stuff we added in the most recent
merge window. Hopefully a good sign"
* tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-09-03-17-45' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm:
mm/secretmem: properly account locked pages
mm/mremap: reset unfaulted VMA page offset for MREMAP_DONTUNMAP
MAINTAINERS: add Kiryl as a THP reviewer
MAINTAINERS: cover all of RAID
MAINTAINERS: mailmap: update entries for Thorsten Blum
MAINTAINERS: remove Lorenzo as THP co-maintainer
Revert "once: don't use a work queue to reset sleepable static key"
mm/hugetlb: fix missing migratable flag on same-node hugetlb migration
mm/mempolicy: fix sleeping allocation in alloc_pages_bulk_weighted_interleave()
mm/huge_memory: transfer the pmd dirty bit to the folio on zap
MAINTAINERS: add Lance Yang as a hung task detector co-maintainer
userfaultfd: reset err to be 0 when move_pages_ptes succeeded
mm: fix incorrect vm_flags usage when checking allowable orders for tmpfs
mm/hugetlb: keep max_huge_pages when dissolving surplus folios
mm/migrate_device: avoid out-of-bounds writes for compound folios
mm/hugetlb_cgroup: call page_counter_set_max() outside VM_BUG_ON()
memcg: make the v1 soft limit knob inert
mm/hugetlb_cma: fix null nodemask dereference in hugetlb_cma_alloc_frozen_folio
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Bridged UDP tunnels such as VXLAN and GENEVE build an ICMP error packet
around an overlay packet if the packet is going to exceed the underlay
path MTU. The ICMP error packet is then injected back into the Rx path
with the source and destination addresses swapped, so that it will be
delivered to the overlay source.
If the overlay packet was routed to the UDP tunnel or locally generated,
then it is already carrying a valid dst entry and this entry is not
dropped when transforming the packet to an ICMP error packet. This
causes the IP layer to reuse the dst entry, leading to the ICMP error
packet being dropped or routed out of the UDP tunnel interface in case
of forwarding.
Prior to the blamed commit this could not happen, as
skb_tunnel_check_pmtu() did not build ICMP errors for PACKET_HOST
packets. Such packets were instead encapsulated and, unless the DF bit
was set in the outer header, fragmented by the underlay.
Fix this by making sure that the ICMP error packet does not have a valid
dst entry, thereby forcing the IP layer to perform a route lookup.
Adjust the bridged PMTU exception selftests accordingly. When the
local sender in ns_a pings the overlay destination with a deadline
(-w), ping exits on the first socket error before any reply is
received and returns a non-zero exit code. The test therefore only
passed because the ICMP error was never delivered. Use a packet count
(-c) like the ns_c line above it, so that the ICMP error counts
against the packet budget and the exit code depends on whether echo
replies were received. This passes with and without the fix.
Fixes: 8930424777e4 ("tunnels: Accept PACKET_HOST in skb_tunnel_check_pmtu().")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Laika Price <laikabcprice@gmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20260614-master-v3-1-9f5060ba1ed1@gmail.com/
Reported-by: Yaroslav Dudkov <aroslavdudkov622@gmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20260901081825.287173-1-aroslavdudkov622@gmail.com/
Reported-by: Charles Bordet <rough.rock3059@datachamp.fr>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/aHVhQLPJIhq-SYPM@eldamar.lan/
Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Tested-by: Yaroslav Dudkov <aroslavdudkov622@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Ahern <dsahern@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Guillaume Nault <gnault@redhat.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260902190112.4126199-1-idosch@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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secretmem accounts folios by treating memory as if it were mlock()'d and
thus limited by the RLIMIT_MEMLOCK limit.
However the folios are unevictable and remain so until the inode is
evicted, eliminating usual mlock() semantics - mapping folios then
unmapping them does not clear their unevictable state, since it depends on
AS_UNEVICTABLE, not PG_mlocked.
A user can therefore easily work around the RLIMIT_MEMLOCK limit - simply
map then unmap and VmLck no longer counts the secretmem range. Worse,
folios are not accounted in the process's RSS, meaning the OOM killer
won't know to kill the process.
Repeatedly mapping/unmapping (or forking) can then result in the
consumption of all available system memory with unevictable folios and
cause system instability.
A secretmem fd can be passed between processes and over fork so a
per-process limit simply does not make sense, so follow the precedent set
by io_uring, perf, skbuff, iommufd and xdp by tracking the number of
locked pages in user_struct->locked_vm.
Since the scope tracked is actually inode lifetime, the RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
applies per-user not per-process, so it doesn't make sense to bypass for
users with CAP_IPC_LOCK, therefore remove this bypass.
There is simply no reason to carry on marking the mapping as mlock()'d
since it's misleading and the lifecycle is now correctly handled, so
remove this too.
Note that secretmem does not support any form of truncation (including
hole punching) and the folios are unreclaimable, so the folios need only
be accounted on fault and unaccounted on inode destruction.
__secretmem_account_pages() is more or less a duplicate of the code that
io_uring etc. use, but since this is a bug fix that needs backporting,
defer any de-duplication efforts to a follow-up.
test_mlock_limit() asserts mlock_future_ok() on mmap(), however this has
been removed, so remove the test altogether for the fix. A new test will
be sent separately for upstream.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260826-secretmem-accounting-v3-1-94cb04399510@kernel.org
Fixes: 1507f51255c9 ("mm: introduce memfd_secret system call to create "secret" memory areas")
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (ARM) <ljs@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Daehyeon Ko <4ncienth@gmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260813225328.2010303-1-4ncienth@gmail.com/
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Daehyeon Ko <4ncienth@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <hagen@jauu.net>
Cc: Jakub Kacinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Cc: James Bottomley <james.bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk@kernel.org>
Cc: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <liam@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@fomichev.me>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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This commit enables the CONFIG_HAZPTR_DEBUG Kconfig option in order to
more easily debug hazard-pointer handoff issues.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: <rcu@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: <lkmm@lists.linux.dev>
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This commit adds a test using on-stack hazptr_ctx structures, in contrast
with the per-CPU structures used by the initial test.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: <rcu@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: <lkmm@lists.linux.dev>
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This commit adds a torture test for hazard pointers. The initial version
simply acquires and releases the hazard pointers without nesting, each
from within the context of a single task.
[ paulmck: Apply kernel test robot feedback. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: <rcu@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: <lkmm@lists.linux.dev>
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Cross-merge networking fixes after downstream PR (net-7.3-rc2).
No conflicts, or adjacent changes.
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net
Pull networking fixes from Paolo Abeni:
"Including fixes from bluetooth.
Previous releases - regressions:
- page_pool: keep frag_offset aligned for odd-sized requests
- sched: fix u32 duplicate handle when node ID pool is exhausted
- udp: create exceptions before socket matching
- igmp: convert struct ip_sf_list to RCU
- ip6_gre: check tunnel info before xmit in ip6gre_tunnel_xmit
- rds: acquire the fastpath locks in rds_conn_shutdown()
- tipc:
- protect node reset trace dump with node lock
- fix NULL deref in tipc_named_node_up() on empty publication
list
- bluetooth:
- L2CAP: fix out-of-bounds write in l2cap_ecred_connect
- hci_core: fix race condition during device registration
- eth:
- mlx5e: prevent stale XSK buffer release on refill retries
- bridge: don't truncate the port group walk on teardown
Previous releases - always broken:
- gro: fix nesting of TCP GSO SKBs in skb_gro_receive_list()
- sched: fix skb sizing and action leak on reoffload delete
- tcp: fix use-after-free in do_tcp_getsockopt()
- af_packet: don't cast tpacket_hdr.tp_len to int in
tpacket_parse_header()
- sctp: fix soft lockup from unpadded ASCONF-ACK parameter iteration
- iptunnel: fix stale transport header during tunnel decapsulation
- eth:
- vxlan: fix use-after-free in vxlan_mdb_remote_src_del()
- bonding: fix uninitialized transport header access in
alb_determine_nd()"
* tag 'net-7.3-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net: (83 commits)
net: gro: Fix nesting of TCP GSO SKBs in skb_gro_receive_list()
net: stmmac: reconfigure RX packet parser table in stmmac_hw_setup() after reset
net: airoha: enable RX_DONE interrupt for RX queue 31
net/rds: don't let rds_conn_shutdown() consume a concurrent drop
net/rds: acquire the fastpath locks in rds_conn_shutdown()
net/rds: acquire RDS_IN_XMIT in rds_tcp_reset_callbacks()
net/rds: tcp: don't force RDS_CONN_RESETTING over a concurrent shutdown
net/rds: clear cp_flags bits individually in rds_conn_path_reset()
net/rds: use clear_bit_unlock() in release_refill()
net/rds: use wq_has_sleeper() in release_in_xmit()
net: usb: qmi_wwan: add Compal EXM-G1x support
net: macb: exclude software FCS from TX byte statistics
net: Remove conflicting altnames for dying netns in __dev_change_net_namespace().
net: bridge: mcast: don't truncate the port group walk on teardown
bonding: do not clear curr_active_slave prematurely when releasing all slaves
net: qrtr: Send HELLO message on endpoint register
octeontx2-af: Fix limiting SRIOV VF count logic
bonding: alb: fix uninitialized transport header access in alb_determine_nd()
s390/ctcm: Prevent XID null dereference
net: psp: do not inherit the Rx association on clone
...
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A BPF_PROG_TYPE_SYSCALL program is sleepable, but its bpf_timer callbacks
run in a non-sleepable hrtimer softirq context.
Add verifier cases that call bpf_sys_bpf() and bpf_sys_close() from timer
callbacks. Without the syscall helper prototype annotations these programs
load, so their failure expectations expose the bug.
Also add successful controls that call each helper from the syscall program
main body, ensuring that the intended sleepable use remains accepted.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903144433.1716731-11-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add a load-time verifier test that dereferences argument 0 of the
sched_process_wait tp_btf program without checking it. The test expects the
nullable-pointer diagnostic, so it is accepted unexpectedly before the fix
and rejected as expected after it.
Add a successful control that checks the argument for NULL before the
dereference. This ensures the nullable marking preserves legitimate access
to the pid when the tracepoint supplies one.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903144433.1716731-9-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add a load-only verifier regression for a resilient lock operation in an
rbtree comparison callback. The program holds the rbtree's regular spin
lock and a separate resilient lock, then releases the resilient lock from
the callback. This isolates the missing kfunc policy check without running
a concurrent tree mutation.
Release the resilient lock before the regular lock on the outer
fall-through. The broken verifier therefore accepts the balanced program,
while the fixed verifier rejects the resilient unlock specifically while
verifying the callback.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903144433.1716731-7-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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tailcall_callback tests a tail call one static subprogram below a callback.
That reaches the later stack-depth rejection, but it does not exercise the
tail-call helper while the current frame is itself a callback.
Add a callback that calls bpf_tail_call directly and expect the existing
"cannot tail call within callback" diagnostic. On an affected kernel, the
load instead reaches the "callback unexpected regs" verifier bug, so the
expected message is absent and the test fails. The existing ordinary
subprogram case remains a success control for legitimate tail calls.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903144433.1716731-5-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add load-only verifier coverage for the signal_generate and
signal_deliver info arguments. The signal_generate case performs a NULL
check before dereferencing info, ensuring that merely making it nullable
cannot satisfy the test when the nonzero SEND_SIG_PRIV sentinel is used.
Both programs load successfully without the verifier fix, contrary to
their expected-failure annotations. With the fix, info is a scalar and
the attempted dereferences are rejected.
Also add success cases showing that plain raw tracepoint and tp_btf
programs can continue to read and compare the context word as a scalar.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903144433.1716731-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Extend the snprintf_btf test with type_ids from the vmlinux BTF that
used to NULL-deref in the BTF show path: a "const void", checked to
render the "<unsupported kind:0>" placeholder, and a BTF_KIND_VAR,
checked to resolve and render without error.
The program renders from its own buffer and the test picks a VAR whose
resolved type fits it, so the render stays in bounds.
Signed-off-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260901104924.346187-6-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Create a hash and an rhash map with btf_key_type_id == 0 and expect
bpf_map_create() to fail with -EINVAL; a positive control with a real
key type confirms the rejection is about the key-less BTF and not some
unrelated failure.
Such a map used to be accepted and then NULL-deref in btf_type_show()
when dumped through bpffs.
Signed-off-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260901104924.346187-5-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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The modulo sits inside the subtraction, so the check evaluates
int_val - (min % step) rather than (int_val - min) % step. The
INTEGER64 branch below it is parenthesised correctly.
The written form passes only when the value equals min % step, and such
a value is always on a step boundary, so it never misses a real
violation. It only reports valid values as invalid.
snd-aloop declares step 1 on four controls, so every non-zero value on
them is reported. Before:
# PCM Rate Shift 100000.0 value 100000 invalid for step 1 minimum 80000
# Totals: pass:660 fail:101 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:296 error:0
After, same card, nothing else changed:
# Totals: pass:740 fail:21 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:296 error:0
Eighteen files under sound/ declare a non-zero step.
Fixes: 5aaf9efffc57 ("kselftest: alsa: Add simplistic test for ALSA mixer controls kselftest")
Signed-off-by: HyeongJun An <sammiee5311@gmail.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-5
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260903123832.97377-1-sammiee5311@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
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The XDP test takes 9m30s on the slowest NIC with debug kernel.
Let's give ourselves a 50% margin and set the timeout to 15min.
Reviewed-by: Joe Damato <joe@dama.to>
Reviewed-by: Nimrod Oren <noren@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260901200728.2063720-4-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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gro.py runs its full set of cases three times over - against SW GRO,
HW GRO and LRO. It's our test with the longest runtime. The 318 cases
take 12m30s on mlx5 with a debug kernel.
Bumping the timeout for all tests feels wrong when we can so easily
split the GRO test by execution mode. Shorter runtime also helps retry
just the failing portion / mode (we retry failing tests to try to
detect flakes vs real failures).
Move the main logic to gro_lib.py and add one program per mode -
gro_sw.py, gro_hw.py and gro_lro.py, 102 cases each. Move PPPoE to
a dedicated test. It has been tacked onto the tests in an ugly way,
and it only runs against SW GRO anyway.
Note that unfortunately this will case a rename of all test cases.
The mode moves from the case name to the test name
gro.py test.sw_ipv4_data_same
becomes
gro_sw.py test.ipv4_data_same
Reviewed-by: Joe Damato <joe@dama.to>
Reviewed-by: Nimrod Oren <noren@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260901200728.2063720-3-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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We need to free up the gro_hw.py name for the HW-GRO half of gro.py,
which we need to split by mode (sw / hw / lro). The file checks mostly
qstat counters, so name it after stats.
Reviewed-by: Joe Damato <joe@dama.to>
Reviewed-by: Nimrod Oren <noren@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260901200728.2063720-2-kuba@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Add a test case for a BPF_PSEUDO_FUNC load instruction that references
the entry function of the program it belongs to. W/o the previous
patch the verifier accepts this program thus allowing a runtime call
at a bogus address. See previous patch for detailed description.
Main function needs to be marked with BTF_FUNC_STATIC for the test to
trigger the bug, the patch uses test_verifier harness instead of
test_prog because libbpf has no way to convey this.
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260902233658.1186477-2-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Add a check that the BPF_F_XDP_HAS_FRAGS and BPF_F_SLEEPABLE flags show
up in bpf_program__flags() when opening a BPF program with the flag
definitions in their section definitions.
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260901-libbpf-frags-flags-v3-4-4eb6f14968b0@redhat.com
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A couple of the BPF selftests would set the program flags without
looking at the existing program flags, overriding any other flag values.
To avoid issues when we change libbpf to carry section flags in
prog_flags, change this to always set the flag value non-destructively
by OR'ing it with the existing flags.
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260901-libbpf-frags-flags-v3-2-4eb6f14968b0@redhat.com
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Verify that queue/stack maps whose element storage would overflow the
u32 head/tail index multiplication are rejected at creation time, and
that max_entries == U32_MAX (which would wrap the u32 capacity counter
to 0) is rejected as well.
Signed-off-by: Yuan Chen <chenyuan@kylinos.cn>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260831063226.621309-3-chenyuan_fl@163.com
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The following BPF program was erroneously accepted by the verifier:
static int cb(int i, __u64 *ctx)
{
/* unsafe on a second iteration */
small_arr[*ctx] = i;
*ctx = 100500;
return 0;
}
int main(void *ctx)
{
int nr_loops = 1;
u64 ctx = 0;
if (unlikely(bpf_get_prandom_u32() == 42))
nr_loops = 2;
bpf_loop(nr_loops, cb, &ctx, 0);
return 0;
}
The branch with nr_loops == 1 was explored first and injected a
checkpoint at the entry to 'cb', such that nr_loops in the main's
frame was not marked as precise. This checkpoint pruned the state with
nr_loops == 2 and the program was accepted.
This test case corresponds to the program above.
Entry point is written in assembly to ensure branch processing order.
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260831-bug-015-backtrack-cb-args-precise-v1-2-68a8e2a821e0@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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A test case checking that the verifier properly backtracks both
fallthrough and implicit subprogram exit paths modelled for
BPF_LD | BPF_ABS instruction.
Without the previous patch:
- the verifier did not call bt_subprog_enter() on the implicit
subprogram exit path;
- bpf_pseudo_call() branch in backtrack_insn() executed
'bpf_bt_set_frame_reg(bt, bt->frame - 1, i);' with bt->frame == 0;
- causing a segmentation fault.
Reported-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Suggested-by: Nicholas Carlini <npc@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260901-bug-016-backtrack-ld-abs-v1-2-59368f1be435@gmail.com
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Add a selftest that talks the raw FUSE protocol over /dev/fuse (rather
than via libfuse, which negotiates INIT internally) so it can both choose
whether to advertise FUSE_HAS_SYNCFS and directly observe whether a
FUSE_SYNCFS opcode is forwarded by the kernel.
Three cases are covered:
T1: host-root mount, server sets FUSE_HAS_SYNCFS
-> FUSE_SYNCFS must reach the server.
T2: host-root mount, server does not opt in
-> FUSE_SYNCFS must not be sent (back-compat).
T3: server opts in but opened /dev/fuse without CAP_SYS_ADMIN while still
in the initial user namespace
-> FUSE_SYNCFS must be withheld. This is the case that distinguishes
gating on the server's privilege from gating on the mount's user
namespace.
Signed-off-by: Jimmy Zuber <jamz@amazon.com>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-8 [Claude-Code]
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
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While the GCC and Clang compilers already define __ASSEMBLER__
automatically when compiling assembly code, __ASSEMBLY__ is a
macro that only gets defined by the Makefiles in the kernel.
This can be very confusing when switching between userspace
and kernelspace coding, or when dealing with uapi headers that
rather should use __ASSEMBLER__ instead. So let's standardize now
on the __ASSEMBLER__ macro that is provided by the compilers.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260813075304.75988-1-thuth@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
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The RISC-V ISA manual specifies that Zfh implies Zfhmin, a normative
rule clarified in
https://github.com/riscv/riscv-isa-manual/pull/3070. Zvfh likewise
implies Zvfhmin, as stated by the vector extension specification.
The kernel currently reports ZFH and ZFHMIN (and ZVFH and ZVFHMIN) as
independent hwprobe bits derived only from what the device tree
declares. Platforms that declare just "zfh" (Zfh being a superset that
already contains all Zfhmin instructions) therefore report
RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZFHMIN=0, which breaks userspace RVA23 conformance
checks (e.g. snapd installing core26 on riscv64).
Use the existing superset mechanism to set the implied subset bits:
- zfh implies zfhmin
- zvfh implies zvfhmin
Add a hwprobe selftest asserting the implication holds and update the
hwprobe documentation accordingly.
This is complementary to the rva23u64 base behavior discussion: the
RVA23 conformance query proposed there is derived from the
per-extension bits fixed here, so correct EXT_0 reporting is a
prerequisite for it to work on harts whose device tree declares only
"zfh".
Tested on a RISC-V QEMU VM whose device tree only declares "zfh" and
"zvfh": with this change both /proc/cpuinfo and the hwprobe
RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0 bitmap report ZFHMIN and ZVFHMIN, and the
hwprobe selftest (including the new implication check) passes.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/kvm-riscv/20260206002349.96740-1-andrew.jones@oss.qualcomm.com/
Signed-off-by: JinRui <jinrui@haiwei.tech>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/7190E4DB338251C3+20260811081513.2849980-1-jinrui@haiwei.tech
[pjw@kernel.org: trimmed superfluous blank line in tags]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
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cxl_type3_mem_init() and cxl_type2_mem_init() assign alternating NUMA
nodes to the mock memdevs to model multi-node topologies. On a
single-node host node 1 has no pgdat, and the first node-aware
allocation in an odd device's probe faults on a NULL zonelist:
Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc00000006e3
KASAN: probably user-memory-access in range [0x0000000000003718-0x000000000000371f]
Workqueue: async async_run_entry_fn
RIP: __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x288
new_slab
___slab_alloc
__kmalloc_node_track_caller_noprof
devm_kmalloc
cxl_mock_mem_probe
Map the requested node to an online one, as dax_hmem already does
for its target node.
Fixes: cf1f6877b088 ("cxl/memdev: Add numa_node attribute")
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Reviewed-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Alison Schofield <alison.schofield@intel.com>
Tested-by: Alison Schofield <alison.schofield@intel.com>
Tested-by: Shaikh Kamaluddin <shaikhkamal2012@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Gregory Price (Meta) <gourry@gourry.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260831175119.3247915-1-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
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The new verifier in the bpf-next branch is now capable of detecting the
overflow that was triggered by test_rdesc_fixup_get_data_overflow.
This is better in terms of UI, but now the test is failing and should be
marked as expected to fail.
Add a new parameter to load_programs() when we expect the test to fail,
and dynamically validate the test by checkcing if it loads (it should
fail to load with new verifier), but if it still loads, HID-BPF should
detect the overflow itself and return an error in hid_bpf_get_data().
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <bentiss@kernel.org>
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hid_device->{name,uniq,phys} are all writeable fields, we need to have
tests for them in case the verifier becomes too much strict.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Tissoires <bentiss@kernel.org>
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Let's start the 7.3 drm-misc-fixes cycle.
Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <mripard@kernel.org>
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