kernel/git/stable/linux.git/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c, branch master

xfrm: clear mode callbacks after failed mode setup

2026-07-06T06:29:06+00:00

xfrm_state_gc_task can run long after a failed IPTFS state setup. In the reproduced case, __xfrm_init_state() cached x->mode_cbs, IPTFS setup returned -ENOMEM before publishing mode_data, and the temporary module reference from xfrm_get_mode_cbs() was dropped immediately. The dead state then kept x->mode_cbs until deferred GC ran after xfrm_iptfs had been unloaded. Clear x->mode_cbs when mode init or clone fails before publishing mode_data. Those states never installed mode-specific state or the long-term IPTFS module pin, so deferred GC has nothing mode-specific to destroy and must not retain a callback table pointer past the temporary lookup reference. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: failed setup path: 1. cache x->mode_cbs 2. mode setup fails before mode_data 3. drop the temporary module ref 4. dead state keeps x->mode_cbs cached GC/unload path: 1. xfrm_state_put() queues GC work 2. xfrm_iptfs unloads later 3. xfrm_state_gc_task runs 4. GC dereferences stale x->mode_cbs This also covers the failed clone path where clone_state() returns before publishing mode_data. Validation reproduced this kernel report: Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION_STACKTRACE_FILTER=y failslab_stacktrace_filter matched xfrm_iptfs frames ack_error=-12 FAULT_INJECTION: forcing a failure BUG: unable to handle page fault Workqueue: events xfrm_state_gc_task RIP: xfrm_state_gc_task+0x142/0x650 Modules linked in: esp4_offload xfrm_user [last unloaded: xfrm_iptfs] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Fixes: 4b3faf610cc6 ("xfrm: iptfs: add new iptfs xfrm mode impl") Assisted-by: Codex:gpt-5.5 Signed-off-by: Cen Zhang Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert

xfrm: cache the offload ifindex for netlink dumps

2026-07-02T07:12:58+00:00

copy_to_user_state_extra() only holds a reference to the outer xfrm_state. That does not pin x->xso.dev. NETDEV_DOWN and NETDEV_UNREGISTER can race through xfrm_dev_state_flush(), xfrm_state_delete(), and xfrm_dev_state_free(), which clears xso->dev and drops the netdev reference before the GETSA dump reaches xso_to_xuo() and reads xso->dev->ifindex. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: XFRM_MSG_GETSA dump path: NETDEV teardown path: 1. xfrm_get_sa() gets xfrm_state 1. xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds x 2. copy_to_user_state_extra() sees 2. xfrm_state_delete() removes x x->xso.dev from the SAD 3. copy_user_offload() calls 3. xfrm_dev_state_free() clears xso_to_xuo() xso->dev 4. xso->dev->ifindex dereferences 4. netdev_put() drops the device a detached net_device reference Avoid following the live net_device from the dump paths. Cache the attached ifindex in xfrm_dev_offload when state or policy offload is bound to a device, and serialize that snapshot instead. This preserves the user-visible XFRMA_OFFLOAD_DEV value without depending on the embedded net_device lifetime. Validation reproduced this kernel report: Oops: general protection fault Call Trace: copy_to_user_state_extra+0xb8d/0x1370 [xfrm_user] ? __pfx_copy_to_user_state_extra+0x10/0x10 [xfrm_user] ? __asan_memset+0x23/0x50 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __alloc_skb+0x342/0x960 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __asan_memset+0x23/0x50 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __nlmsg_put+0x147/0x1b0 dump_one_state+0x1c7/0x3e0 [xfrm_user] xfrm_state_netlink+0xcb/0x130 [xfrm_user] ? __pfx_xfrm_state_netlink+0x10/0x10 [xfrm_user] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? xfrm_user_state_lookup.constprop.0+0x230/0x310 [xfrm_user] xfrm_get_sa+0x102/0x250 [xfrm_user] ? __pfx_xfrm_get_sa+0x10/0x10 [xfrm_user] xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x504/0xaa0 [xfrm_user] ? __pfx_xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x10/0x10 [xfrm_user] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? stack_trace_save+0x8e/0xc0 ? __pfx_stack_trace_save+0x10/0x10 netlink_rcv_skb+0x11f/0x350 ? __pfx_xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x10/0x10 [xfrm_user] ? __pfx_netlink_rcv_skb+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 xfrm_netlink_rcv+0x65/0x80 [xfrm_user] netlink_unicast+0x600/0x870 ? __pfx_netlink_unicast+0x10/0x10 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __pfx_stack_trace_save+0x10/0x10 netlink_sendmsg+0x75d/0xc10 ? __pfx_netlink_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ____sys_sendmsg+0x77a/0x900 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __pfx_____sys_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_copy_msghdr_from_user+0x10/0x10 ? release_sock+0x1a/0x1d0 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? netlink_insert+0x143/0xec0 ___sys_sendmsg+0xff/0x180 ? __pfx____sys_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x85/0xe0 ? do_getsockname+0xf9/0x170 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? fdget+0x53/0x3b0 __sys_sendmsg+0x111/0x1a0 ? __pfx___sys_sendmsg+0x10/0x10 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __sys_getsockname+0x8c/0x100 do_syscall_64+0x102/0x5a0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Fixes: 07b87f9eea0c ("xfrm: Fix unregister netdevice hang on hardware offload.") Assisted-by: Codex:gpt-5.5 Signed-off-by: Cen Zhang Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert

xfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()

2026-07-02T07:02:59+00:00

xfrm_user_policy() clears the socket dst cache with __sk_dst_reset(), i.e. the non-atomic __sk_dst_set(sk, NULL): it reads sk_dst_cache with rcu_dereference_protected(), stores NULL and dst_release()s the old dst. That is only safe if no other thread modifies sk_dst_cache concurrently. For a connected UDP socket that does not hold: the transmit fast path (udp_sendmsg -> sk_dst_check -> sk_dst_reset) resets the cache locklessly with an atomic xchg(). A per-socket policy change racing a send can make both sides observe the same old dst and each dst_release() it, dropping the socket's single reference twice and freeing the xfrm_dst bundle while it is still referenced: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in dst_release Write of size 4 at addr ffff88801897b6c0 by task exploit/155 Call Trace: ... dst_release (... ./include/linux/rcuref.h:109) xfrm_user_policy (./include/net/sock.h:2239 ./include/net/sock.h:2256 net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c:3053) do_ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1347) ip_setsockopt (net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c:1417) do_sock_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2368) __sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2393) __x64_sys_setsockopt (net/socket.c:2396) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121) Reachable by an unprivileged user via a user+network namespace. Use the atomic sk_dst_reset() so the cache is cleared and released with a single xchg(): whichever side wins releases the dst once, the other sees NULL and does nothing. Behaviour is otherwise unchanged. Fixes: 2b06cdf3e688 ("xfrm: Clear sk_dst_cache when applying per-socket policy.") Fixes: be8f8284cd89 ("net: xfrm: allow clearing socket xfrm policies.") Reported-by: AutonomousCodeSecurity@microsoft.com Signed-off-by: Xiang Mei (Microsoft) Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert

Merge tag 'ipsec-2026-06-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/klassert/ipsec

2026-06-23T23:22:24+00:00

Steffen Klassert says: ==================== pull request (net): ipsec 2026-06-22 1) xfrm: use compat translator only for u64 alignment mismatch Gate the XFRM_USER_COMPAT translator on COMPAT_FOR_U64_ALIGNMENT so 32-bit compat tasks on arches whose 32-bit ABI already matches the native 64-bit layout are no longer rejected with -EOPNOTSUPP. From Sanman Pradhan. 2) net: af_key: initialize alg_key_len for IPComp states Initialize the alg_key_len to 0 in the IPComp branch of pfkey_msg2xfrm_state() so an uninitialized value cannot drive xfrm_alg_len() into a slab-out-of-bounds kmemdup during XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE. From Zijing Yin. 3) xfrm: Fix dev use-after-free in xfrm async resumption Stash the original skb->dev and extend the RCU critical section across xfrm_rcv_cb() and transport_finish() to prevent a tunnel-device UAF and original-device refcount leak when a callback replaces skb->dev. From Dong Chenchen. 4) xfrm: Fix xfrm state cache insertion race Move the state-validity check inside xfrm_state_lock in the input state cache insertion path so a state cannot be killed between the check and the insert. From Herbert Xu. 5) xfrm: annotate data-races around xfrm_policy_count[] and xfrm_policy_default[] Add READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE() annotations on xfrm_policy_count and xfrm_policy_default to silence the KCSAN data race reported on net->xfrm.policy_count. From Eric Dumazet. 6) espintcp: use sk_msg_free_partial to fix partial send Replace the manual skmsg accounting in espintcp with sk_msg_free_partial() so the skmsg stays consistent on every iteration and the partial-send accounting bugs go away. From Sabrina Dubroca. 7) xfrm: validate selector family and prefixlen during match Reject mismatched address families in xfrm_selector_match() and bound prefixlen in addr4_match()/addr_match() to prevent the shift-out-of-bounds syzbot reported when an AF_UNSPEC selector with a large prefixlen is matched against an IPv4 flow. From Eric Dumazet. * tag 'ipsec-2026-06-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/klassert/ipsec: xfrm: validate selector family and prefixlen during match espintcp: use sk_msg_free_partial to fix partial send xfrm: annotate data-races around xfrm_policy_count[] and xfrm_policy_default[] xfrm: Fix xfrm state cache insertion race xfrm: Fix dev use-after-free in xfrm async resumption net: af_key: initialize alg_key_len for IPComp states xfrm: use compat translator only for u64 alignment mismatch ==================== Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260622075726.29685-1-steffen.klassert@secunet.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski

xfrm: Fix xfrm state cache insertion race

2026-06-17T09:17:17+00:00

The xfrm input state cache insertion code checks the validity of the state before acquiring the global xfrm_state_lock. Thus it's possible for someone else to kill the state after it passed the validity check, and then the insertion will add the dead state to the cache. Fix this by moving the validity check inside the lock. This entire function is called on the input path, where BH must be off (e.g., the caller of this function xfrm_input acquires its spinlocks without disabling BH). So there is no need to disable BH here or take the RCU read lock. Remove both and replace them with an assertion that trips if BH is accidentally enabled on some future calling path. Fixes: 81a331a0e72d ("xfrm: Add an inbound percpu state cache.") Reported-by: Zero Day Initiative Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu Reviewed-by: Simon Horman Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert

Merge tag 'ipsec-next-2026-06-12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/klassert/ipsec-next

2026-06-13T20:16:39+00:00

Steffen Klassert says: ==================== pull request (net-next): ipsec-next 2026-06-12 1) Replace the open-coded manual cleanup in xfrm_add_policy() error path with xfrm_policy_destroy() for consistency with xfrm_policy_construct(). From Deepanshu Kartikey. 2) Limit XFRMA_TFCPAD to a sensible maximum (max IP length, 64k) since u32 is excessive for traffic flow confidentiality padding. From David Ahern. 3) Add a new netlink message XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE_STATE that allows migrating individual IPsec SAs independently of their policies. The existing XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE is tightly coupled to policy+SA migration, lacks SPI for unique SA identification, and cannot express reqid changes or migrate Transport mode selectors. The new interface identifies the SA via SPI and mark, supports reqid changes, address family changes, encap removal, and uses an atomic create+install flow under x->lock to prevent SN/IV reuse during AEAD SA migration. From Antony Antony. * tag 'ipsec-next-2026-06-12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/klassert/ipsec-next: xfrm: add documentation for XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE_STATE xfrm: restrict netlink attributes for XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE_STATE xfrm: add XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE_STATE for single SA migration xfrm: make xfrm_dev_state_add xuo parameter const xfrm: extract address family and selector validation helpers xfrm: refactor XFRMA_MTIMER_THRESH validation into a helper xfrm: move encap and xuo into struct xfrm_migrate xfrm: add error messages to state migration xfrm: add state synchronization after migration xfrm: check family before comparing addresses in migrate xfrm: split xfrm_state_migrate into create and install functions xfrm: rename reqid in xfrm_migrate xfrm: fix NAT-related field inheritance in SA migration xfrm: allow migration from UDP encapsulated to non-encapsulated ESP xfrm: add extack to xfrm_init_state xfrm: remove redundant assignments xfrm: Reject excessive values for XFRMA_TFCPAD xfrm: cleanup error path in xfrm_add_policy() ==================== Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260612074725.1760473-1-steffen.klassert@secunet.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski

xfrm: use compat translator only for u64 alignment mismatch

2026-06-12T06:38:48+00:00

The XFRM compat layer (CONFIG_XFRM_USER_COMPAT) translates 32-bit xfrm netlink and setsockopt messages into the native 64-bit layout. It is only needed on architectures where the 32-bit and 64-bit ABIs disagree on u64 alignment, which the kernel encodes as COMPAT_FOR_U64_ALIGNMENT. That symbol is defined only by arch/x86. XFRM_USER_COMPAT depends on it, so the translator can never be built on any other architecture, including arm64, which still provides a 32-bit compat ABI (CONFIG_COMPAT) for AArch32 EL0 userspace. On arm64 the AArch32 EABI already aligns u64 to 8 bytes, identical to the AArch64 ABI, so no translation is required and the native code path is correct for 32-bit tasks. However, xfrm_user_rcv_msg() and xfrm_user_policy() gate on in_compat_syscall() alone and then call xfrm_get_translator(), which returns NULL when no translator is registered. On arm64 that is always the case, so every xfrm netlink message and the XFRM_POLICY setsockopt issued by a 32-bit task returns -EOPNOTSUPP. A 32-bit userspace process on arm64 (and on any other arch with CONFIG_COMPAT but without COMPAT_FOR_U64_ALIGNMENT) therefore cannot configure XFRM state or policy through the XFRM_USER netlink API, and cannot use the XFRM_POLICY setsockopt path, because both fail before reaching the native parser. The translator series replaced the blanket compat rejection with a translator lookup. That made the path usable on x86 when the translator is available, but left architectures that cannot build the translator permanently rejected even when their compat layout already matches the native layout. Let those architectures use the native parser instead. Gate the translator requirement on COMPAT_FOR_U64_ALIGNMENT instead of on in_compat_syscall() alone. Gating on the ABI property rather than on CONFIG_XFRM_USER_COMPAT is deliberate: on x86 with IA32_EMULATION=y but XFRM_USER_COMPAT=n, a 32-bit task must still be rejected rather than routed through the native parser, which would misread genuinely 4-byte-aligned x86-32 messages. COMPAT_FOR_U64_ALIGNMENT is the ABI property that makes the XFRM translator mandatory. Only the receive/input direction needs the guard. The send, dump and notification paths already call the translator as "if (xtr) { ... }" with no error on NULL, so on arches without a translator they no-op and the kernel emits native 64-bit-layout messages, which is what an AArch32 task expects. Tested on Juniper SRX hardware: with the fix, 32-bit IPsec userspace netlink and XFRM_POLICY setsockopt operations that previously failed with -EOPNOTSUPP now succeed; x86 behaviour is unchanged by inspection. Fixes: 5106f4a8acff ("xfrm/compat: Add 32=>64-bit messages translator") Fixes: 96392ee5a13b ("xfrm/compat: Translate 32-bit user_policy from sockptr") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sanman Pradhan Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert

xfrm: add XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE_STATE for single SA migration

2026-06-04T10:22:47+00:00

Add a new netlink method to migrate a single xfrm_state. Unlike the existing migration mechanism (SA + policy), this supports migrating only the SA and allows changing the reqid. The SA is looked up via xfrm_usersa_id, which uniquely identifies it, so old_saddr is not needed. old_daddr is carried in xfrm_usersa_id.daddr. The reqid is invariant in the old migration. Signed-off-by: Antony Antony Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert

xfrm: move encap and xuo into struct xfrm_migrate

2026-06-04T10:22:42+00:00

In preparation for an upcoming patch, move the xfrm_encap_tmpl and xfrm_user_offload pointers from separate parameters into struct xfrm_migrate, reducing the parameter count of xfrm_state_migrate_create(), xfrm_state_migrate_install() and xfrm_state_migrate() The fields are placed after the four xfrm_address_t members where the struct is naturally 8-byte aligned, avoiding padding. No functional change. Reviewed-by: Sabrina Dubroca Signed-off-by: Antony Antony Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert

xfrm: add error messages to state migration

2026-06-04T10:22:41+00:00

Add descriptive(extack) error messages for all error paths in state migration. This improves diagnostics by providing clear feedback when migration fails. After xfrm_init_state() use NL_SET_ERR_MSG_WEAK() as fallback for error paths not yet propagating extack e.g. mode_cbs->init_state() No functional change. Reviewed-by: Sabrina Dubroca Signed-off-by: Antony Antony Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert