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Conflicts:
Documentation/admin-guide/hw-vuln/index.rst
arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
drivers/base/cpu.c
include/linux/cpu.h
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Prepare to resolve conflicts with an upstream series of fixes that conflict
with pending x86 changes:
6f5bf947bab0 Merge tag 'its-for-linus-20250509' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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We need the driver core fix in here as well for testing
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge series from Bence Csókás <csokas.bence@prolan.hu>:
The probe() function of the atmel-quadspi driver got quite convoluted,
especially since the addition of SAMA7G5 support, that was forward-ported
from an older vendor kernel. During the port, a bug was introduced, where
the PM get() and put() calls were imbalanced. To alleivate this - and
similar problems in the future - an effort was made to migrate as many
functions as possible, to their devm_ managed counterparts. The few
functions, which did not yet have a devm_ variant, are added in patch 1 of
this series. Patch 2 then uses these APIs to fix the probe() function.
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Patch series "memory,x86,acpi: hotplug memory alignment advisement", v8.
When physical address regions are not aligned to memory block size, the
misaligned portion is lost (stranded capacity).
Block size (min/max/selected) is architecture defined. Most architectures
tend to use the minimum block size or some simplistic heurist. On x86,
memory block size increases up to 2GB, and is otherwise fitted to the
alignment of non-hotplug (i.e. not special purpose memory).
CXL exposes its memory for management through the ACPI CEDT (CXL Early
Detection Table) in a field called the CXL Fixed Memory Window. Per the
CXL specification, this memory must be aligned to at least 256MB.
When a CFMW aligns on a size less than the block size, this causes a loss
of up to 2GB per CFMW on x86. It is not uncommon for CFMW to be allocated
per-device - though this behavior is BIOS defined.
This patch set provides 3 things:
1) implement advise/query functions in driverse/base/memory.c to
report/query architecture agnostic hotplug block alignment advice.
2) update x86 memblock size logic to consider the hotplug advice
3) add code in acpi/numa/srat.c to report CFMW alignment advice
The advisement interfaces are design to be called during arch_init code
prior to allocator and smp_init. start_kernel will call these through
setup_arch() (via acpi and mm/init_64.c on x86), which occurs prior to
mm_core_init and smp_init - so no need for atomics.
There's an attempt to signal callers to advise() that query has already
occurred, but this is predicated on the notion that query actually occurs
(which presently only happens on the x86 arch). This is to assist
debugging future users. Otherwise, the advise() call has been marked
__init to help static discovery of bad call times.
Once query is called the first time, it will always return the same value.
Interfaces return -EBUSY and 0 respectively on systems without hotplug.
This patch (of 3):
Hotplug memory sources may have opinions on what the memblock size should
be - usually for alignment purposes. For example, CXL memory extents can
be 256MB with a matching alignment. If this size/alignment is smaller
than the block size, it can result in stranded capacity.
Implement memory_block_advise_max_size for use prior to allocator init,
for software to advise the system on the max block size.
Implement memory_block_probe_max_size for use by arch init code to
calculate the best block size. Use of advice is architecture defined.
The probe value can never change after first probe. Calls to advise after
probe will return -EBUSY to aid debugging.
On systems without hotplug, always return -ENODEV and 0 respectively.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250127153405.3379117-1-gourry@gourry.net
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250127153405.3379117-2-gourry@gourry.net
Signed-off-by: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net>
Suggested-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Tested-by: Fan Ni <fan.ni@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Acked-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Alison Schofield <alison.schofield@intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Betkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Bruno Faccini <bfaccini@nvidia.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Haibo Xu <haibo1.xu@intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Joanthan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Robert Richter <rrichter@amd.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleinxer <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 ITS mitigation from Dave Hansen:
"Mitigate Indirect Target Selection (ITS) issue.
I'd describe this one as a good old CPU bug where the behavior is
_obviously_ wrong, but since it just results in bad predictions it
wasn't wrong enough to notice. Well, the researchers noticed and also
realized that thus bug undermined a bunch of existing indirect branch
mitigations.
Thus the unusually wide impact on this one. Details:
ITS is a bug in some Intel CPUs that affects indirect branches
including RETs in the first half of a cacheline. Due to ITS such
branches may get wrongly predicted to a target of (direct or indirect)
branch that is located in the second half of a cacheline. Researchers
at VUSec found this behavior and reported to Intel.
Affected processors:
- Cascade Lake, Cooper Lake, Whiskey Lake V, Coffee Lake R, Comet
Lake, Ice Lake, Tiger Lake and Rocket Lake.
Scope of impact:
- Guest/host isolation:
When eIBRS is used for guest/host isolation, the indirect branches
in the VMM may still be predicted with targets corresponding to
direct branches in the guest.
- Intra-mode using cBPF:
cBPF can be used to poison the branch history to exploit ITS.
Realigning the indirect branches and RETs mitigates this attack
vector.
- User/kernel:
With eIBRS enabled user/kernel isolation is *not* impacted by ITS.
- Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier (IBPB):
Due to this bug indirect branches may be predicted with targets
corresponding to direct branches which were executed prior to IBPB.
This will be fixed in the microcode.
Mitigation:
As indirect branches in the first half of cacheline are affected, the
mitigation is to replace those indirect branches with a call to thunk that
is aligned to the second half of the cacheline.
RETs that take prediction from RSB are not affected, but they may be
affected by RSB-underflow condition. So, RETs in the first half of
cacheline are also patched to a return thunk that executes the RET aligned
to second half of cacheline"
* tag 'its-for-linus-20250509' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
selftest/x86/bugs: Add selftests for ITS
x86/its: FineIBT-paranoid vs ITS
x86/its: Use dynamic thunks for indirect branches
x86/ibt: Keep IBT disabled during alternative patching
mm/execmem: Unify early execmem_cache behaviour
x86/its: Align RETs in BHB clear sequence to avoid thunking
x86/its: Add support for RSB stuffing mitigation
x86/its: Add "vmexit" option to skip mitigation on some CPUs
x86/its: Enable Indirect Target Selection mitigation
x86/its: Add support for ITS-safe return thunk
x86/its: Add support for ITS-safe indirect thunk
x86/its: Enumerate Indirect Target Selection (ITS) bug
Documentation: x86/bugs/its: Add ITS documentation
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core
Pull driver core fix from Greg KH:
"Here is a single driver core fix for a regression for platform devices
that is a regression from a change that went into 6.15-rc1 that
affected Pixel devices. It has been in linux-next for over a week with
no reported problems"
* tag 'driver-core-6.15-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core:
platform: Fix race condition during DMA configure at IOMMU probe time
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Indirect Target Selection (ITS) is a bug in some pre-ADL Intel CPUs with
eIBRS. It affects prediction of indirect branch and RETs in the
lower half of cacheline. Due to ITS such branches may get wrongly predicted
to a target of (direct or indirect) branch that is located in the upper
half of the cacheline.
Scope of impact
===============
Guest/host isolation
--------------------
When eIBRS is used for guest/host isolation, the indirect branches in the
VMM may still be predicted with targets corresponding to branches in the
guest.
Intra-mode
----------
cBPF or other native gadgets can be used for intra-mode training and
disclosure using ITS.
User/kernel isolation
---------------------
When eIBRS is enabled user/kernel isolation is not impacted.
Indirect Branch Prediction Barrier (IBPB)
-----------------------------------------
After an IBPB, indirect branches may be predicted with targets
corresponding to direct branches which were executed prior to IBPB. This is
mitigated by a microcode update.
Add cmdline parameter indirect_target_selection=off|on|force to control the
mitigation to relocate the affected branches to an ITS-safe thunk i.e.
located in the upper half of cacheline. Also add the sysfs reporting.
When retpoline mitigation is deployed, ITS safe-thunks are not needed,
because retpoline sequence is already ITS-safe. Similarly, when call depth
tracking (CDT) mitigation is deployed (retbleed=stuff), ITS safe return
thunk is not used, as CDT prevents RSB-underflow.
To not overcomplicate things, ITS mitigation is not supported with
spectre-v2 lfence;jmp mitigation. Moreover, it is less practical to deploy
lfence;jmp mitigation on ITS affected parts anyways.
Signed-off-by: Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
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Some of the debug sysfs attributes for runtime PM are located
in the power_attrs[] table, so they are exposed even in the
pm_runtime_has_no_callbacks() case, unlike the other non-debug
sysfs attributes for runtime PM, which may be confusing.
Moreover, dev_attr_runtime_status.attr appears in two
places, which effectively causes it to be always exposed if
CONFIG_PM_ADVANCED_DEBUG is set, but otherwise it is exposed
only when pm_runtime_has_no_callbacks() returns 'false'.
Address this by putting all sysfs attributes for runtime PM into
runtime_attrs[].
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/12677254.O9o76ZdvQC@rjwysocki.net
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There is wakeup source attribute 'active_count', but its counterpart
attribute 'relax_count' is missing.
Add 'relax_count' for consistency.
Signed-off-by: Zijun Hu <quic_zijuhu@quicinc.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250505-add_power_attrs-v1-1-10bc3c73c320@quicinc.com
[ rjw: Changelog edits ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
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Move this API to the canonical timer_*() namespace.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250507175338.672442-10-mingo@kernel.org
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arch_topology.c provides functionality to parse and scale CPU capacity.
It also provides a corresponding sysfs interface. Some architectures
parse and scale CPU capacity differently as per their own needs. On
Intel processors, for instance, it is responsibility of the Intel
P-state driver.
Relocate the implementation of that interface to a common location in
topology.c. Architectures can use the interface and populate it using
their own mechanisms.
An alternative approach would be to compile arch_topology.c even if
not needed only to get this interface. This approach would create
duplicated and conflicting functionality and data structures.
Signed-off-by: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Christian Loehle <christian.loehle@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250419025504.9760-2-ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
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platform_device_msi_free_irqs_all()
platform_device_msi_init_and_alloc_irqs() performs two tasks: allocating
the MSI domain for a platform device, and allocate a number of MSIs in that
domain.
platform_device_msi_free_irqs_all() only frees the MSIs, and leaves the MSI
domain alive.
Given that platform_device_msi_init_and_alloc_irqs() is the sole tool a
platform device has to allocate platform MSIs, it makes sense for
platform_device_msi_free_irqs_all() to teardown the MSI domain at the same
time as the MSIs.
This avoids warnings and unexpected behaviours when a driver repeatedly
allocates and frees MSIs.
Signed-off-by: Frank Li <Frank.Li@nxp.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250414-ep-msi-v18-1-f69b49917464@nxp.com
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The stat is always 0 now, so remove it and hardwire the user visible
output to 0.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250505081138.3435992-8-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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To avoid a race between the IOMMU probing thread and the device driver
async probing thread during configuration of the platform DMA, update
`platform_dma_configure()` to read `dev->driver` once and test if it's
NULL before using it. This ensures that we don't de-reference an invalid
platform driver pointer if the device driver is asynchronously bound
while configuring the DMA.
Fixes: bcb81ac6ae3c ("iommu: Get DT/ACPI parsing into the proper probe path")
Signed-off-by: Will McVicker <willmcvicker@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250424180420.3928523-1-willmcvicker@google.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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This user of SHA-256 does not support any other algorithm, so the
crypto_shash abstraction provides no value. Just use the SHA-256
library API instead, which is much simpler and easier to use.
Also take advantage of printk's built-in hex conversion using %*phN.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250428190909.852705-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/modules/linux
Pull modules fixes from Petr Pavlu:
"A single series to properly handle the module_kobject creation.
This fixes a problem with missing /sys/module/<module>/drivers for
built-in modules"
* tag 'modules-6.15-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/modules/linux:
drivers: base: handle module_kobject creation
kernel: globalize lookup_or_create_module_kobject()
kernel: refactor lookup_or_create_module_kobject()
kernel: param: rename locate_module_kobject
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Use sort()'s default swap() implementation and remove the custom
regcache_defaults_swap() function.
Signed-off-by: Thorsten Blum <thorsten.blum@linux.dev>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250428061318.88859-2-thorsten.blum@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
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Add `devm_pm_runtime_set_active_enabled()` and
`devm_pm_runtime_get_noresume()` for simplifying
common cases in drivers.
Signed-off-by: Bence Csókás <csokas.bence@prolan.hu>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250327195928.680771-3-csokas.bence@prolan.hu
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
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ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brgl/linux into driver-core-next
Immutable tag for the driver core tree to pull from
devres: Move devm_*_action*() APIs to devres.h
devres: Add devm_is_action_added() helper
* tag 'gpiod-devm-is-action-added-for-v6.16-rc1' of ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brgl/linux:
devres: Add devm_is_action_added() helper
devres: Move devm_*_action*() APIs to devres.h
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We need the driver core fixes in here as well.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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In some code we would like to know if the action in device managed resources
was added by devm_add_action() family of calls. Introduce a helper for that.
Reviewed-by: Raag Jadav <raag.jadav@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Zijun Hu <quic_zijuhu@quicinc.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250220162238.2738038-3-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bartosz.golaszewski@linaro.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs
Pull vfs fixes from Christian Brauner:
- For some reason we went from zero to three maintainers for HFS/HFS+
in a matter of days. The lesson to learn from this might just be that
we need to threaten code removal more often!?
- Fix a regression introduced by enabling large folios for lage logical
block sizes. This has caused issues for noref migration with large
folios due to sleeping while in an atomic context.
New sleeping variants of pagecache lookup helpers are introduced.
These helpers take the folio lock instead of the mapping's private
spinlock. The problematic users are converted to the sleeping
variants and serialize against noref migration. Atomic users will
bail on seeing the new BH_Migrate flag.
This also shrinks the critical region of the mapping's private lock
and the new blocking callers reduce contention on the spinlock for
bdev mappings.
- Fix two bugs in do_move_mount() when with MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH. The
first bug is using a mountpoint that is located on a mount we're not
holding a reference to. The second bug is putting the mountpoint
after we've called namespace_unlock() as it's no longer guaranteed
that it does stay a mountpoint.
- Remove a pointless call to vfs_getattr_nosec() in the devtmpfs code
just to query i_mode instead of simply querying the inode directly.
This also avoids lifetime issues for the dm code by an earlier bugfix
this cycle that moved bdev_statx() handling into vfs_getattr_nosec().
- Fix AT_FDCWD handling with getname_maybe_null() in the xattr code.
- Fix a performance regression for files when multiple callers issue a
close when it's not the last reference.
- Remove a duplicate noinline annotation from pipe_clear_nowait().
* tag 'vfs-6.15-rc4.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs:
fs/xattr: Fix handling of AT_FDCWD in setxattrat(2) and getxattrat(2)
MAINTAINERS: hfs/hfsplus: add myself as maintainer
splice: remove duplicate noinline from pipe_clear_nowait
devtmpfs: don't use vfs_getattr_nosec to query i_mode
fix a couple of races in MNT_TREE_BENEATH handling by do_move_mount()
fs: fall back to file_ref_put() for non-last reference
mm/migrate: fix sleep in atomic for large folios and buffer heads
fs/ext4: use sleeping version of sb_find_get_block()
fs/jbd2: use sleeping version of __find_get_block()
fs/ocfs2: use sleeping version of __find_get_block()
fs/buffer: use sleeping version of __find_get_block()
fs/buffer: introduce sleeping flavors for pagecache lookups
MAINTAINERS: add HFS/HFS+ maintainers
fs/buffer: split locking for pagecache lookups
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The following 4 APIs are only used by drivers/base/power/wakeup.c
internally.
- wakeup_source_create()
- wakeup_source_destroy()
- wakeup_source_add()
- wakeup_source_remove()
Do not expose them by making them as static functions.
Signed-off-by: Zijun Hu <quic_zijuhu@quicinc.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250420-fix_power-v2-1-9b938d2283aa@quicinc.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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__devm_auxiliary_device_create()
This code was originally going to use error pointers but we decided it
should return NULL instead. The error pointer code in
__devm_auxiliary_device_create() was left over from the first version.
Update it to use NULL. No callers have been merged yet, so that makes
this change simple and self contained.
Fixes: eaa0d30216c1 ("driver core: auxiliary bus: add device creation helpers")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Jerome Brunet <jbrunet@baylibre.com>
Reviewed-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/aAi7Kg3aTguFD0fU@stanley.mountain
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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The recent move of the bdev_statx call to the low-level vfs_getattr_nosec
helper caused it being used by devtmpfs, which leads to deadlocks in
md teardown due to the block device lookup and put interfering with the
unusual lifetime rules in md.
But as handle_remove only works on inodes created and owned by devtmpfs
itself there is no need to use vfs_getattr_nosec vs simply reading the
mode from the inode directly. Switch to that to avoid the bdev lookup
or any other unintentional side effect.
Reported-by: Shin'ichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Reported-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com>
Fixes: 777d0961ff95 ("fs: move the bdex_statx call to vfs_getattr_nosec")
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20250423045941.1667425-1-hch@lst.de
Tested-by: Shin'ichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Tested-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Ayush Jain <Ayush.jain3@amd.com>
Tested-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
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There are a few use-cases where child nodes with a specific name need to
be parsed. Code like:
fwnode_for_each_child_node()
if (fwnode_name_eq())
...
can be found from a various drivers/subsystems. Adding a macro for this
can simplify things a bit.
In a few cases the data from the found nodes is later added to an array,
which is allocated based on the number of found nodes. One example of
such use is the IIO subsystem's ADC channel nodes, where the relevant
nodes are named as channel[@N].
Add helpers for iterating and counting device's sub-nodes with certain
name instead of open-coding this in every user.
Suggested-by: Jonathan Cameron <jic23@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Matti Vaittinen <mazziesaccount@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcelo Schmitt <marcelo.schmitt1@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/2767173b7b18e974c0bac244688214bd3863ff06.1742560649.git.mazziesaccount@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>
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In analogy with previous changes, make device_suspend_late() and
device_suspend_noirq() start the async suspend of the device's parent
after the device itself has been processed and make dpm_suspend_late()
and dpm_noirq_suspend_devices() start processing "async" leaf devices
(that is, devices without children) upfront so they don't need to wait
for the other devices they don't depend on.
This change reduces the total duration of device suspend on some systems
measurably, but not significantly.
Suggested-by: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/1924195.CQOukoFCf9@rjwysocki.net
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In analogy with the previous change affecting the resume path,
make device_suspend() start the async suspend of the device's parent
after the device itself has been processed and make dpm_suspend() start
processing "async" leaf devices (that is, devices without children)
upfront so they don't need to wait for the "sync" devices they don't
depend on.
On the Dell XPS13 9360 in my office, this change reduces the total
duration of device suspend by approximately 100 ms (over 20%).
Suggested-by: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/3541233.QJadu78ljV@rjwysocki.net
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According to [1], the handling of device suspend and resume, and
particularly the latter, involves unnecessary overhead related to
starting new async work items for devices that cannot make progress
right away because they have to wait for other devices.
To reduce this problem in the resume path, use the observation that
starting the async resume of the children of a device after resuming
the parent is likely to produce less scheduling and memory management
noise than starting it upfront while at the same time it should not
increase the resume duration substantially.
Accordingly, modify the code to start the async resume of the device's
children when the processing of the parent has been completed in each
stage of device resume and only start async resume upfront for devices
without parents.
Also make it check if a given device can be resumed asynchronously
before starting the synchronous resume of it in case it will have to
wait for another that is already resuming asynchronously.
In addition to making the async resume of devices more friendly to
systems with relatively less computing resources, this change is also
preliminary for analogous changes in the suspend path.
On the systems where it has been tested, this change by itself does
not affect the overall system resume duration in a measurable way.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pm/20241114220921.2529905-1-saravanak@google.com/ [1]
Suggested-by: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/22630663.EfDdHjke4D@rjwysocki.net
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Old microcode is bad for users and for kernel developers.
For users, it exposes them to known fixed security and/or functional
issues. These obviously rarely result in instant dumpster fires in
every environment. But it is as important to keep your microcode up
to date as it is to keep your kernel up to date.
Old microcode also makes kernels harder to debug. A developer looking
at an oops need to consider kernel bugs, known CPU issues and unknown
CPU issues as possible causes. If they know the microcode is up to
date, they can mostly eliminate known CPU issues as the cause.
Make it easier to tell if CPU microcode is out of date. Add a list
of released microcode. If the loaded microcode is older than the
release, tell users in a place that folks can find it:
/sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/old_microcode
Tell kernel kernel developers about it with the existing taint
flag:
TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC
== Discussion ==
When a user reports a potential kernel issue, it is very common
to ask them to reproduce the issue on mainline. Running mainline,
they will (independently from the distro) acquire a more up-to-date
microcode version list. If their microcode is old, they will
get a warning about the taint and kernel developers can take that
into consideration when debugging.
Just like any other entry in "vulnerabilities/", users are free to
make their own assessment of their exposure.
== Microcode Revision Discussion ==
The microcode versions in the table were generated from the Intel
microcode git repo:
8ac9378a8487 ("microcode-20241112 Release")
which as of this writing lags behind the latest microcode-20250211.
It can be argued that the versions that the kernel picks to call "old"
should be a revision or two old. Which specific version is picked is
less important to me than picking *a* version and enforcing it.
This repository contains only microcode versions that Intel has deemed
to be OS-loadable. It is quite possible that the BIOS has loaded a
newer microcode than the latest in this repo. If this happens, the
system is considered to have new microcode, not old.
Specifically, the sysfs file and taint flag answer the question:
Is the CPU running on the latest OS-loadable microcode,
or something even later that the BIOS loaded?
In other words, Intel never publishes an authoritative list of CPUs
and latest microcode revisions. Until it does, this is the best that
Linux can do.
Also note that the "intel-ucode-defs.h" file is simple, ugly and
has lots of magic numbers. That's on purpose and should allow a
single file to be shared across lots of stable kernel regardless of if
they have the new "VFM" infrastructure or not. It was generated with
a dumb script.
== FAQ ==
Q: Does this tell me if my system is secure or insecure?
A: No. It only tells you if your microcode was old when the
system booted.
Q: Should the kernel warn if the microcode list itself is too old?
A: No. New kernels will get new microcode lists, both mainline
and stable. The only way to have an old list is to be running
an old kernel in which case you have bigger problems.
Q: Is this for security or functional issues?
A: Both.
Q: If a given microcode update only has functional problems but
no security issues, will it be considered old?
A: Yes. All microcode image versions within a microcode release
are treated identically. Intel appears to make security
updates without disclosing them in the release notes. Thus,
all updates are considered to be security-relevant.
Q: Who runs old microcode?
A: Anybody with an old distro. This happens all the time inside
of Intel where there are lots of weird systems in labs that
might not be getting regular distro updates and might also
be running rather exotic microcode images.
Q: If I update my microcode after booting will it stop saying
"Vulnerable"?
A: No. Just like all the other vulnerabilies, you need to
reboot before the kernel will reassess your vulnerability.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: "Ahmed S. Darwish" <darwi@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250421195659.CF426C07%40davehans-spike.ostc.intel.com
(cherry picked from commit 9127865b15eb0a1bd05ad7efe29489c44394bdc1)
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module_add_driver() relies on module_kset list for
/sys/module/<built-in-module>/drivers directory creation.
Since,
commit 96a1a2412acba ("kernel/params.c: defer most of param_sysfs_init() to late_initcall time")
drivers which are initialized from subsys_initcall() or any other
higher precedence initcall couldn't find the related kobject entry
in the module_kset list because module_kset is not fully populated
by the time module_add_driver() refers it. As a consequence,
module_add_driver() returns early without calling make_driver_name().
Therefore, /sys/module/<built-in-module>/drivers is never created.
Fix this issue by letting module_add_driver() handle module_kobject
creation itself.
Fixes: 96a1a2412acb ("kernel/params.c: defer most of param_sysfs_init() to late_initcall time")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # requires all other patches from the series
Suggested-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: Shyam Saini <shyamsaini@linux.microsoft.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250227184930.34163-5-shyamsaini@linux.microsoft.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
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software_node_get_reference_args() wants to get @index-th element, so
the property value requires at least '(index + 1) * sizeof(*ref)' bytes
but that can not be guaranteed by current OOB check, and may cause OOB
for malformed property.
Fix by using as OOB check '((index + 1) * sizeof(*ref) > prop->length)'.
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Zijun Hu <quic_zijuhu@quicinc.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250414-fix_swnode-v2-1-9c9e6ae11eab@quicinc.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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for_each_present_section_nr() was introduced to add_boot_memory_block()
by commit 61659efdb35c ("drivers/base/memory: improve add_boot_memory_block()").
It causes unnecessary overhead when the present sections are really
sparse. next_present_section_nr() called by the macro to find the next
present section, which is far away from the spanning sections in the
specified block. Too much time consumed by next_present_section_nr()
in this case, which can lead to softlockup as observed by Aditya Gupta
on IBM Power10 machine.
watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#248 stuck for 22s! [swapper/248:1]
Modules linked in:
CPU: 248 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/248 Not tainted 6.15.0-rc1-next-20250408 #1 VOLUNTARY
Hardware name: 9105-22A POWER10 (raw) 0x800200 opal:v7.1-107-gfda75d121942 PowerNV
NIP: c00000000209218c LR: c000000002092204 CTR: 0000000000000000
REGS: c00040000418fa30 TRAP: 0900 Not tainted (6.15.0-rc1-next-20250408)
MSR: 9000000002009033 <SF,HV,VEC,EE,ME,IR,DR,RI,LE> CR: 28000428 XER: 00000000
CFAR: 0000000000000000 IRQMASK: 0
GPR00: c000000002092204 c00040000418fcd0 c000000001b08100 0000000000000040
GPR04: 0000000000013e00 c000c03ffebabb00 0000000000c03fff c000400fff587f80
GPR08: 0000000000000000 00000000001196f7 0000000000000000 0000000028000428
GPR12: 0000000000000000 c000000002e80000 c00000000001007c 0000000000000000
GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
GPR20: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
GPR24: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
GPR28: c000000002df7f70 0000000000013dc0 c0000000011dd898 0000000008000000
NIP [c00000000209218c] memory_dev_init+0x114/0x1e0
LR [c000000002092204] memory_dev_init+0x18c/0x1e0
Call Trace:
[c00040000418fcd0] [c000000002092204] memory_dev_init+0x18c/0x1e0 (unreliable)
[c00040000418fd50] [c000000002091348] driver_init+0x78/0xa4
[c00040000418fd70] [c0000000020063ac] kernel_init_freeable+0x22c/0x370
[c00040000418fde0] [c0000000000100a8] kernel_init+0x34/0x25c
[c00040000418fe50] [c00000000000cd94] ret_from_kernel_user_thread+0x14/0x1c
Avoid the overhead by folding for_each_present_section_nr() to the outer
loop. add_boot_memory_block() is dropped after that.
Fixes: 61659efdb35c ("drivers/base/memory: improve add_boot_memory_block()")
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20250409180344.477916-1-adityag@linux.ibm.com
Reported-by: Aditya Gupta <adityag@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Tested-by: Aditya Gupta <adityag@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250410125110.1232329-1-gshan@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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count imbalance
syzbot reported a uaf in software_node_notify_remove. [1]
When any of the two sysfs_create_link() in software_node_notify() fails,
the swnode->kobj reference count will not increase normally, which will
cause swnode to be released incorrectly due to the imbalance of kobj reference
count when executing software_node_notify_remove().
Increase the reference count of kobj before creating the link to avoid uaf.
[1]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in software_node_notify_remove+0x1bc/0x1c0 drivers/base/swnode.c:1108
Read of size 1 at addr ffff888033c08908 by task syz-executor105/5844
Freed by task 5844:
software_node_notify_remove+0x159/0x1c0 drivers/base/swnode.c:1106
device_platform_notify_remove drivers/base/core.c:2387 [inline]
Fixes: 9eb59204d519 ("iommufd/selftest: Add set_dev_pasid in mock iommu")
Reported-by: syzbot+2ff22910687ee0dfd48e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=2ff22910687ee0dfd48e
Tested-by: syzbot+2ff22910687ee0dfd48e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Lizhi Xu <lizhi.xu@windriver.com>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250414071123.1228331-1-lizhi.xu@windriver.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Document the preferred way to use auxiliary bus.
Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/206e8c249f630abd3661deb36b84b26282241040.1743510317.git.leon@kernel.org
[ reworded the text a bit - gregkh ]
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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devm_kstrdup() logic pretty much reflects devm_kmemdup() for strings,
so just reuse it.
Signed-off-by: Raag Jadav <raag.jadav@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250409105432.1852355-1-raag.jadav@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Replace magic number with PLATFORM_DEVID_NONE to make it more
informative.
Signed-off-by: Woody Zhang <woodyzhang666@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250330103627.2370771-2-woodyzhang666@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Error handling is apparently hard and driver authors often get it wrong.
Continue to warn but do not try to unbind components that have never
been bound in order to avoid crashing systems where such a buggy
teardown path is hit.
Signed-off-by: Johan Hovold <johan+linaro@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250228081824.4640-1-johan+linaro@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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If userspace reads "uevent" device attribute at the same time as another
threads unbinds the device from its driver, change to dev->driver from a
valid pointer to NULL may result in crash. Fix this by using READ_ONCE()
when fetching the pointer, and take bus' drivers klist lock to make sure
driver instance will not disappear while we access it.
Use WRITE_ONCE() when setting the driver pointer to ensure there is no
tearing.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250311052417.1846985-3-dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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In preparation to closing a race when reading driver pointer in
dev_uevent() code, instead of setting device->driver pointer directly
introduce device_set_driver() helper.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250311052417.1846985-2-dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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This reverts commit c0a40097f0bc81deafc15f9195d1fb54595cd6d0.
Probing a device can take arbitrary long time. In the field we observed
that, for example, probing a bad micro-SD cards in an external USB card
reader (or maybe cards were good but cables were flaky) sometimes takes
longer than 2 minutes due to multiple retries at various levels of the
stack. We can not block uevent_show() method for that long because udev
is reading that attribute very often and that blocks udev and interferes
with booting of the system.
The change that introduced locking was concerned with dev_uevent()
racing with unbinding the driver. However we can handle it without
locking (which will be done in subsequent patch).
There was also claim that synchronization with probe() is needed to
properly load USB drivers, however this is a red herring: the change
adding the lock was introduced in May of last year and USB loading and
probing worked properly for many years before that.
Revert the harmful locking.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250311052417.1846985-1-dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Add helper functions to create a device on the auxiliary bus.
This is meant for fairly simple usage of the auxiliary bus, to avoid having
the same code repeated in the different drivers.
Suggested-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Jerome Brunet <jbrunet@baylibre.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250218-aux-device-create-helper-v4-1-c3d7dfdea2e6@baylibre.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Manually add sysfs groups after the faux_device_ops's probe succeeds.
Likewise remove these groups just before calling the faux_devices_ops's
remove callback. This approach approximates the order in which the
driver core adds and removes the driver's .dev_groups of a device to
avoid lifetime issues.
This is done specifically to avoid using the device's .groups member,
which adds groups before the device is even registered to the bus.
This lets consumers of this API, initialize resources on the .probe
callback and then use them inside is_visible/show/store methods, through
dev_get_drvdata() without races.
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kurt Borja <kuurtb@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250327-faux-groups-v2-1-745a3cf0bc16@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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The new helper is introduced to allow counting the child firmware nodes
of their parent without requiring a device to be passed. This also makes
the fwnode and device property API more symmetrical with the rest.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250310150835.3139322-2-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Lee Jones <lee@kernel.org>
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timer_delete[_sync]() replaces del_timer[_sync](). Convert the whole tree
over and remove the historical wrapper inlines.
Conversion was done with coccinelle plus manual fixups where necessary.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cxl/cxl
Pull Compute Express Link (CXL) updates from Dave Jiang:
- Add support for Global Persistent Flush (GPF)
- Cleanup of DPA partition metadata handling:
- Remove the CXL_DECODER_MIXED enum that's not needed anymore
- Introduce helpers to access resource and perf meta data
- Introduce 'struct cxl_dpa_partition' and 'struct cxl_range_info'
- Make cxl_dpa_alloc() DPA partition number agnostic
- Remove cxl_decoder_mode
- Cleanup partition size and perf helpers
- Remove unused CXL partition values
- Add logging support for CXL CPER endpoint and port protocol errors:
- Prefix protocol error struct and function names with cxl_
- Move protocol error definitions and structures to a common location
- Remove drivers/firmware/efi/cper_cxl.h to include/linux/cper.h
- Add support in GHES to process CXL CPER protocol errors
- Process CXL CPER protocol errors
- Add trace logging for CXL PCIe port RAS errors
- Remove redundant gp_port init
- Add validation of cxl device serial number
- CXL ABI documentation updates/fixups
- A series that uses guard() to clean up open coded mutex lockings and
remove gotos for error handling.
- Some followup patches to support dirty shutdown accounting:
- Add helper to retrieve DVSEC offset for dirty shutdown registers
- Rename cxl_get_dirty_shutdown() to cxl_arm_dirty_shutdown()
- Add support for dirty shutdown count via sysfs
- cxl_test support for dirty shutdown
- A series to support CXL mailbox Features commands.
Mostly in preparation for CXL EDAC code to utilize the Features
commands. It's also in preparation for CXL fwctl support to utilize
the CXL Features. The commands include "Get Supported Features", "Get
Feature", and "Set Feature".
- A series to support extended linear cache support described by the
ACPI HMAT table.
The addition helps enumerate the cache and also provides additional
RAS reporting support for configuration with extended linear cache.
(and related fixes for the series).
- An update to cxl_test to support a 3-way capable CFMWS
- A documentation fix to remove unused "mixed mode"
* tag 'cxl-for-6.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cxl/cxl: (39 commits)
cxl/region: Fix the first aliased address miscalculation
cxl/region: Quiet some dev_warn()s in extended linear cache setup
cxl/Documentation: Remove 'mixed' from sysfs mode doc
cxl: Fix warning from emitting resource_size_t as long long int on 32bit systems
cxl/test: Define a CFMWS capable of a 3 way HB interleave
cxl/mem: Do not return error if CONFIG_CXL_MCE unset
tools/testing/cxl: Set Shutdown State support
cxl/pmem: Export dirty shutdown count via sysfs
cxl/pmem: Rename cxl_dirty_shutdown_state()
cxl/pci: Introduce cxl_gpf_get_dvsec()
cxl/pci: Support Global Persistent Flush (GPF)
cxl: Document missing sysfs files
cxl: Plug typos in ABI doc
cxl/pmem: debug invalid serial number data
cxl/cdat: Remove redundant gp_port initialization
cxl/memdev: Remove unused partition values
cxl/region: Drop goto pattern of construct_region()
cxl/region: Drop goto pattern in cxl_dax_region_alloc()
cxl/core: Use guard() to drop goto pattern of cxl_dpa_alloc()
cxl/core: Use guard() to drop the goto pattern of cxl_dpa_free()
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core
Pull driver core updatesk from Greg KH:
"Here is the big set of driver core updates for 6.15-rc1. Lots of stuff
happened this development cycle, including:
- kernfs scaling changes to make it even faster thanks to rcu
- bin_attribute constify work in many subsystems
- faux bus minor tweaks for the rust bindings
- rust binding updates for driver core, pci, and platform busses,
making more functionaliy available to rust drivers. These are all
due to people actually trying to use the bindings that were in
6.14.
- make Rafael and Danilo full co-maintainers of the driver core
codebase
- other minor fixes and updates"
* tag 'driver-core-6.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core: (52 commits)
rust: platform: require Send for Driver trait implementers
rust: pci: require Send for Driver trait implementers
rust: platform: impl Send + Sync for platform::Device
rust: pci: impl Send + Sync for pci::Device
rust: platform: fix unrestricted &mut platform::Device
rust: pci: fix unrestricted &mut pci::Device
rust: device: implement device context marker
rust: pci: use to_result() in enable_device_mem()
MAINTAINERS: driver core: mark Rafael and Danilo as co-maintainers
rust/kernel/faux: mark Registration methods inline
driver core: faux: only create the device if probe() succeeds
rust/faux: Add missing parent argument to Registration::new()
rust/faux: Drop #[repr(transparent)] from faux::Registration
rust: io: fix devres test with new io accessor functions
rust: io: rename `io::Io` accessors
kernfs: Move dput() outside of the RCU section.
efi: rci2: mark bin_attribute as __ro_after_init
rapidio: constify 'struct bin_attribute'
firmware: qemu_fw_cfg: constify 'struct bin_attribute'
powerpc/perf/hv-24x7: Constify 'struct bin_attribute'
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- The series "Enable strict percpu address space checks" from Uros
Bizjak uses x86 named address space qualifiers to provide
compile-time checking of percpu area accesses.
This has caused a small amount of fallout - two or three issues were
reported. In all cases the calling code was found to be incorrect.
- The series "Some cleanup for memcg" from Chen Ridong implements some
relatively monir cleanups for the memcontrol code.
- The series "mm: fixes for device-exclusive entries (hmm)" from David
Hildenbrand fixes a boatload of issues which David found then using
device-exclusive PTE entries when THP is enabled. More work is
needed, but this makes thins better - our own HMM selftests now
succeed.
- The series "mm: zswap: remove z3fold and zbud" from Yosry Ahmed
remove the z3fold and zbud implementations. They have been deprecated
for half a year and nobody has complained.
- The series "mm: further simplify VMA merge operation" from Lorenzo
Stoakes implements numerous simplifications in this area. No runtime
effects are anticipated.
- The series "mm/madvise: remove redundant mmap_lock operations from
process_madvise()" from SeongJae Park rationalizes the locking in the
madvise() implementation. Performance gains of 20-25% were observed
in one MADV_DONTNEED microbenchmark.
- The series "Tiny cleanup and improvements about SWAP code" from
Baoquan He contains a number of touchups to issues which Baoquan
noticed when working on the swap code.
- The series "mm: kmemleak: Usability improvements" from Catalin
Marinas implements a couple of improvements to the kmemleak
user-visible output.
- The series "mm/damon/paddr: fix large folios access and schemes
handling" from Usama Arif provides a couple of fixes for DAMON's
handling of large folios.
- The series "mm/damon/core: fix wrong and/or useless damos_walk()
behaviors" from SeongJae Park fixes a few issues with the accuracy of
kdamond's walking of DAMON regions.
- The series "expose mapping wrprotect, fix fb_defio use" from Lorenzo
Stoakes changes the interaction between framebuffer deferred-io and
core MM. No functional changes are anticipated - this is preparatory
work for the future removal of page structure fields.
- The series "mm/damon: add support for hugepage_size DAMOS filter"
from Usama Arif adds a DAMOS filter which permits the filtering by
huge page sizes.
- The series "mm: permit guard regions for file-backed/shmem mappings"
from Lorenzo Stoakes extends the guard region feature from its
present "anon mappings only" state. The feature now covers shmem and
file-backed mappings.
- The series "mm: batched unmap lazyfree large folios during
reclamation" from Barry Song cleans up and speeds up the unmapping
for pte-mapped large folios.
- The series "reimplement per-vma lock as a refcount" from Suren
Baghdasaryan puts the vm_lock back into the vma. Our reasons for
pulling it out were largely bogus and that change made the code more
messy. This patchset provides small (0-10%) improvements on one
microbenchmark.
- The series "Docs/mm/damon: misc DAMOS filters documentation fixes and
improves" from SeongJae Park does some maintenance work on the DAMON
docs.
- The series "hugetlb/CMA improvements for large systems" from Frank
van der Linden addresses a pile of issues which have been observed
when using CMA on large machines.
- The series "mm/damon: introduce DAMOS filter type for unmapped pages"
from SeongJae Park enables users of DMAON/DAMOS to filter my the
page's mapped/unmapped status.
- The series "zsmalloc/zram: there be preemption" from Sergey
Senozhatsky teaches zram to run its compression and decompression
operations preemptibly.
- The series "selftests/mm: Some cleanups from trying to run them" from
Brendan Jackman fixes a pile of unrelated issues which Brendan
encountered while runnimg our selftests.
- The series "fs/proc/task_mmu: add guard region bit to pagemap" from
Lorenzo Stoakes permits userspace to use /proc/pid/pagemap to
determine whether a particular page is a guard page.
- The series "mm, swap: remove swap slot cache" from Kairui Song
removes the swap slot cache from the allocation path - it simply
wasn't being effective.
- The series "mm: cleanups for device-exclusive entries (hmm)" from
David Hildenbrand implements a number of unrelated cleanups in this
code.
- The series "mm: Rework generic PTDUMP configs" from Anshuman Khandual
implements a number of preparatoty cleanups to the GENERIC_PTDUMP
Kconfig logic.
- The series "mm/damon: auto-tune aggregation interval" from SeongJae
Park implements a feedback-driven automatic tuning feature for
DAMON's aggregation interval tuning.
- The series "Fix lazy mmu mode" from Ryan Roberts fixes some issues in
powerpc, sparc and x86 lazy MMU implementations. Ryan did this in
preparation for implementing lazy mmu mode for arm64 to optimize
vmalloc.
- The series "mm/page_alloc: Some clarifications for migratetype
fallback" from Brendan Jackman reworks some commentary to make the
code easier to follow.
- The series "page_counter cleanup and size reduction" from Shakeel
Butt cleans up the page_counter code and fixes a size increase which
we accidentally added late last year.
- The series "Add a command line option that enables control of how
many threads should be used to allocate huge pages" from Thomas
Prescher does that. It allows the careful operator to significantly
reduce boot time by tuning the parallalization of huge page
initialization.
- The series "Fix calculations in trace_balance_dirty_pages() for cgwb"
from Tang Yizhou fixes the tracing output from the dirty page
balancing code.
- The series "mm/damon: make allow filters after reject filters useful
and intuitive" from SeongJae Park improves the handling of allow and
reject filters. Behaviour is made more consistent and the documention
is updated accordingly.
- The series "Switch zswap to object read/write APIs" from Yosry Ahmed
updates zswap to the new object read/write APIs and thus permits the
removal of some legacy code from zpool and zsmalloc.
- The series "Some trivial cleanups for shmem" from Baolin Wang does as
it claims.
- The series "fs/dax: Fix ZONE_DEVICE page reference counts" from
Alistair Popple regularizes the weird ZONE_DEVICE page refcount
handling in DAX, permittig the removal of a number of special-case
checks.
- The series "refactor mremap and fix bug" from Lorenzo Stoakes is a
preparatoty refactoring and cleanup of the mremap() code.
- The series "mm: MM owner tracking for large folios (!hugetlb) +
CONFIG_NO_PAGE_MAPCOUNT" from David Hildenbrand reworks the manner in
which we determine whether a large folio is known to be mapped
exclusively into a single MM.
- The series "mm/damon: add sysfs dirs for managing DAMOS filters based
on handling layers" from SeongJae Park adds a couple of new sysfs
directories to ease the management of DAMON/DAMOS filters.
- The series "arch, mm: reduce code duplication in mem_init()" from
Mike Rapoport consolidates many per-arch implementations of
mem_init() into code generic code, where that is practical.
- The series "mm/damon/sysfs: commit parameters online via
damon_call()" from SeongJae Park continues the cleaning up of sysfs
access to DAMON internal data.
- The series "mm: page_ext: Introduce new iteration API" from Luiz
Capitulino reworks the page_ext initialization to fix a boot-time
crash which was observed with an unusual combination of compile and
cmdline options.
- The series "Buddy allocator like (or non-uniform) folio split" from
Zi Yan reworks the code to split a folio into smaller folios. The
main benefit is lessened memory consumption: fewer post-split folios
are generated.
- The series "Minimize xa_node allocation during xarry split" from Zi
Yan reduces the number of xarray xa_nodes which are generated during
an xarray split.
- The series "drivers/base/memory: Two cleanups" from Gavin Shan
performs some maintenance work on the drivers/base/memory code.
- The series "Add tracepoints for lowmem reserves, watermarks and
totalreserve_pages" from Martin Liu adds some more tracepoints to the
page allocator code.
- The series "mm/madvise: cleanup requests validations and
classifications" from SeongJae Park cleans up some warts which
SeongJae observed during his earlier madvise work.
- The series "mm/hwpoison: Fix regressions in memory failure handling"
from Shuai Xue addresses two quite serious regressions which Shuai
has observed in the memory-failure implementation.
- The series "mm: reliable huge page allocator" from Johannes Weiner
makes huge page allocations cheaper and more reliable by reducing
fragmentation.
- The series "Minor memcg cleanups & prep for memdescs" from Matthew
Wilcox is preparatory work for the future implementation of memdescs.
- The series "track memory used by balloon drivers" from Nico Pache
introduces a way to track memory used by our various balloon drivers.
- The series "mm/damon: introduce DAMOS filter type for active pages"
from Nhat Pham permits users to filter for active/inactive pages,
separately for file and anon pages.
- The series "Adding Proactive Memory Reclaim Statistics" from Hao Jia
separates the proactive reclaim statistics from the direct reclaim
statistics.
- The series "mm/vmscan: don't try to reclaim hwpoison folio" from
Jinjiang Tu fixes our handling of hwpoisoned pages within the reclaim
code.
* tag 'mm-stable-2025-03-30-16-52' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (431 commits)
mm/page_alloc: remove unnecessary __maybe_unused in order_to_pindex()
x86/mm: restore early initialization of high_memory for 32-bits
mm/vmscan: don't try to reclaim hwpoison folio
mm/hwpoison: introduce folio_contain_hwpoisoned_page() helper
cgroup: docs: add pswpin and pswpout items in cgroup v2 doc
mm: vmscan: split proactive reclaim statistics from direct reclaim statistics
selftests/mm: speed up split_huge_page_test
selftests/mm: uffd-unit-tests support for hugepages > 2M
docs/mm/damon/design: document active DAMOS filter type
mm/damon: implement a new DAMOS filter type for active pages
fs/dax: don't disassociate zero page entries
MM documentation: add "Unaccepted" meminfo entry
selftests/mm: add commentary about 9pfs bugs
fork: use __vmalloc_node() for stack allocation
docs/mm: Physical Memory: Populate the "Zones" section
xen: balloon: update the NR_BALLOON_PAGES state
hv_balloon: update the NR_BALLOON_PAGES state
balloon_compaction: update the NR_BALLOON_PAGES state
meminfo: add a per node counter for balloon drivers
mm: remove references to folio in __memcg_kmem_uncharge_page()
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regmap
Pull regmap updates from Mark Brown:
"Only a couple of small patches this release, one refactoring struct
regmap to pack it more efficiently and another which makes our way of
setting all bits consistent in the regmap-irq code"
* tag 'regmap-v6.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regmap:
regmap: irq: Use one way of setting all bits in the register
regmap: Reorder 'struct regmap'
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