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9 daysMerge tag 'mm-stable-2026-08-18-18-39' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "mm: drop "sub" prefix from various places" (Dev Jain) page->folio conversion and a naming cleanup - "mm/kasan: remove redundant initialization for kasan_flag_write_only" (Igor Putko) KASAN cleanup work - "mm/filemap: reduce unnecessary xarray lookups" (Chi Zhiling) Small speedup in the pagecaache read code - "mm/percpu: Fix possible NOFS/NOIO reclaim recursion" (Kaitao Cheng) Improve the vmalloc code - mainly the avoidance of GFP_KERNEL allocations when the caller asked for GFP_NOFS or GFP_NOIO - "mm/kmemleak: avoid soft lockup when scanning task stacks" (Breno Leitao) Avoid a soft lockup watchdog trigger from the kmemleak scanning code in extreme situations - "mm/page_owner: misc cleanups" (Ye Liu) Cleanups to the page_owner code. For some reason lots of people have been working on the page_owner code this cycle. - "mm: convert to walk_page_range_vma() to eliminate find_vma()" (Kefeng Wang) Simplify and accelerate the page walking library function - "mm/migrate: preparatory cleanups for batch copy and offload" (Shivank Garg) Cleanups in the migration code - "mm/page_owner: add per-fd filter infrastructure for print_mode and NUMA filtering" (Zhen Ni) Per-fd filtering to page_owner in order to reduce the sometimes vast amount of output it can produce - "mm: Refactor bootmem gigantic hugepage allocation" (Muchun Song) Fixes and preparatory cleanups around bootmem HugeTLB handling, sparse initialization ordering, and related vmemmap setup - "mm/zsmalloc: reduce lock contention in zs_free()" (Wenchao Hao) Reduce lock contention in zs_free(), which dominates the unmap path under memory pressure on Android (LMK kills) and on x86 servers running zswap-heavy workloads. Up to 1.83x improvement in microbenchmarking. - "move alloc_tag.c file under mm/" (Suren Baghdasaryan) - "samples/damon: handle damon_{start,stop}() failures" (SJ Park) Fix improper handling of damon_start(), damon_stop(), and damon_call() failures across DAMON sample modules to prevent potential memory leaks, operation disruptions and use-after-free bugs - "mm/damon/sysfs: kobject_del() directories that users can create/remove" (SJ Park) Fix delayed sysfs directory removal under DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE causeing creation failures due to duplicate directory names by adding missing kobject_del() calls before creating new directories - "mm: cleanup clear_not_present_full_ptes()" (David Hildenbrand) Clean up the core pte handling code - "selftests/damon: misc fixes for test bugs" (Kunwu Chan) Fix several bugs in the DAMON selftests - "selftests/damon: fix memcg_path staging handling" (Cheng Nie) Fix a bug in _damon_sysfs.py for damos_filter memcg_path setup, and add a test case for it in sysfs.py. - "selftests/damon: test kdamond refresh_ms" (Ruslan Valiyev) Selftest coverage for DAMON's refresh_ms sysfs feature by updating the test control module and verifying that scheme stats update automatically without manual intervention - "mm/damon: five misc fixups" (Akinobu Mita) Miscellaneous DAMON fixups. - "mm/damon/core: detect internal variation above max_nr_regions/2" (Jiayuan Chen) Fix DAMON's region splitting behavior when region counts exceed half the maximum budget by dynamically scaling down the split fraction as the limit approaches, preventing large regions from staying un-split, and add corresponding KUnit test coverage - "mm: preparatory patches for PMD level swap entries" (Usama Arif) Refactor and clean up PMD softleaf helpers, call sites, and architecture flags to lay the groundwork for a follow-up series that introduces PMD page table swap entries - "mm/damon: update, optimize, and clean up doc, tests, and code" (SJ Park) Update DAMON design and ABI documentation, expands unit and selftest coverage, optimize damon_commit_target_regions(), and clean up recently added sysfs interface code for better readability - "mm/vmpressure: reduce CPU, memory and code overhead on cgroup v2" (Usama Arif) Optimize vmpressure() by skipping unnecessary work on cgroup v2 for userspace event notifications and refactor v1-only eventfd handling into mm/memcontrol-v1.c to reduce memory overhead and code complexity - "selftests/mm: refactor pkey helpers and fix mmap error handling" (Hongfu Li) Refactor pkeys shared tracing and assertion helpers into a common file, unify protection key selftests to use consistent diagnostic logging and assertions, and enforce standardized MAP_FAILED return checks for mmap() calls across the tests - "mm/damon: optimize out nr_accesses_bp" (SJ Park) Replace the error-prone, continuously updated nr_accesses_bp field in damon_region with an on-demand moving sum function, reducing structure memory overhead and avoiding state corruption bugs - "Open HugeTLB allocation routine for more generic use" (Ackerley Tng) Decouple HugeTLB folio allocation from VMA dependencies by introducing hugetlb_alloc_folio(), enabling subsystems like guest_memfd to allocate HugeTLB folios without standard VMA reservations or pseudo-VMAs - "mm/damon: provide pseudo moving sum probe_hits" (SJ Park) Integrate DAMON's probe_hits attribute counter into the pseudo moving sum infrastructure, enabling real-time, online monitoring without waiting for full aggregation intervals - "mm: Some cleanups for page allocator APIs" (Brendan Jackman) Simplify and refactor the page allocator entry points and flags by unifying allocation paths, adding internal alloc_flags arguments, and eliminating redundant __ prefixed alloc_pages variants. - "Fix incorrect access of hugetlb pte entries" (Dev Jain) Enforce the consistent use of huge_ptep_get() instead of ptep_get() for HugeTLB entries and fixes an unaligned address issue in arm64's huge_ptep_get() implementation - "mm/damon: validate all parameters in the core" (SJ Park) Consolidate parameter validation into the DAMON core specifically within damon_start() and damon_commit_ctx() to centralize error checking, eliminate caller-side redundant checks and to improve maintenance efficiency - "tools/mm/page_owner_sort: fix filtering and cleanup issues" (Yichong Chen) Rename is_need() to filter_record() for clearer return semantics, fix per-record allocation memory leaks and bound output copies in search_pattern() to address an existing buffer issue - "memcg: bail out reclaim when memcg is dying" (Jiayuan Chen) Mitigate a system-wide stall which occurs when a cgroup is removed while one of its memory control files is doing synchronous reclaim - "mm/memory-failure: add panic option for unrecoverable pages" (Breno Leitao) Introduce an opt-in vm.panic_on_unrecoverable_memory_failure sysctl that immediately panics the kernel on unrecoverable memory errors in kernel-owned pages to preserve error context and prevent delayed, silent data corruption - "mm/damon: refactor damon_{start,stop,commit}() for simple error handling" (SJ Park) Refactor the DAMON core API functions to guarantee that all contexts are fully stopped when damon_start(), damon_stop(), or damon_commit() fail, eliminating the need for complex and error-prone caller-side cleanup code - "Keep tail page private zero at free and folio split" (Zi Yan) Add checks to ensure tail_page->private is zero when freeing compound or high-order pages and when promoting tail pages during large folio splits. By validating these fields at free and split time, it allows the removal of redundant private field clearing inside prep_compound_tail() - "mm: drop redundant lru_add_drain in anon folio reuse paths" (Barry Song) Eliminate redundant lru_add_drain() calls in wp_can_reuse_anon_folio() and do_swap_page() to reduce LRU lock contention and system overhead By validating folio refcounts against the LRU cache before draining and removing unnecessary drains in the swap path, it achieves up to a 30.5% reduction in drain calls during heavy swap workloads - "mm: clean up folio LRU and swap declarations" (Jianyue Wu) Reorganize folio LRU and swap code by relocating page-cluster state to mm/swap_state.c, renaming mm/swap.c to mm/folio.c, and moving MM-internal reclaim declarations into mm/internal.h. - "userfaultfd: working set tracking for VM guest memory" (Kiryl Shutsemau) Add userfaultfd support for tracking the working set of VM guest memory, so a VMM can identify hot pages and reclaim cold ones to tiered or remote storage - "mm: remove CONFIG_HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE (Part 2)" (David Hildenbrand) Remove the remaining pieces of CONFIG_HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE, performing some smaller cleanups around freeing of reserved vmemmap pages on the way. - "mm/damon: update probe hits for runtime parameter commits" (SJ Park) Ensure that DAMON's probe_hits attribute counter is properly updated when monitoring intervals are changed at runtime, matching the behavior of nr_accesses. To achieve this, it refactors and renames existing helper functions for shared use, applies the updates to probe_hits, and handles edge cases in damon_probe_hits_mvsum() to maintain measurement accuracy. - "KSM: performance optimizations for rmap_walk_ksm" (xu xin) Resolve a severe KSM reverse-mapping performance bottleneck where thousands of split VMAs sharing a single anon_vma cause extended lock contention. By adding an interval-filtering check during the rmap walk, it reduces worst-case anon_vma lock hold times from over 500ms down to under 2ms, preventing application freezes and latency spikes under memory pressure. - "mm: split a couple of headers from internal.h" (Mike Rapoport) Split declarations related to mm_init, memblock, vmalloc and sparse into new headers - "KSM: use linear_page_index in collect_procs_ksm()" (xu xin) Apply the interval tree optimization from rmap_walk_ksm() to collect_procs_ksm() to avoid iterating over non-matching VMAs during KSM memory error handling. It hoists loop-invariant address initialization and restricts the anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach walk to a targeted page offset range, reducing redundant checks and improving lookup efficiency. - "selftests/mm: avoid false failures in hugetlb and KSM tests" (Sayali Patil) Fix issues in the hugetlb and KSM MM selftest categories that can report failures when the prerequisites for the tests are not satisfied - "mm/damon: introduce data attributes only monitoring" (SJ Park) Introduce attribute-weighted region management in DAMON, allowing users to prioritize specific data attributes (such as page sizes or cgroups) over or instead of access monitoring. By assigning weights to attribute probes, DAMON can completely disable access tracking and adjust monitoring regions based on weighted probe-hit counters to optimize monitoring quality for attribute-focused workloads. - "mm/hmm: Add mmap lock-drop support for userfaultfd-backed mappings" (Stanislav Kinsburskii) Extend hmm_range_fault() to support userfaultfd-backed regions by allowing the mmap lock to be dropped during fault handling via a new hmm_range_fault_locked() helper. By accepting a locked pointer and signaling retry status when lock release occurs, it enables page fault resolution in userfaultfd regions while preserving backward compatibility for existing callers. - "mm: make VMA page offset handling more consistent" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Clean up and standardize how vma->vm_pgoff is accessed and manipulated across file-backed and anonymous mappings in the kernel It introduces dedicated helper functions such as vma_start_pgoff(), vma_end_pgoff(), vma_set_pgoff() and linear_page_delta() while renaming rmap interval tree helpers to better reflect their functionality. These changes establish a cleaner foundation for future work that will unify virtual page offset indexing for all anonymous and CoW'd folios. - "mm: handle device-private PMDs in walk callbacks" (Usama Arif) Address kernel panics and state corruption caused by MM walk callbacks reaching non-present device-private PMD swap entries created during HMM migrations It ensures that functions which acquire pmd_trans_huge_lock() properly recognize device-private PMDs instead of assuming a present THP or a standard migration entry. - "mm/rmap: Refactor try_to_unmap_one" (Dev Jain) Refactor try_to_unmap_one by modularizing Hugetlb, anonymous-lazyfree, and anonymous-swapbacked logic into dedicated functions, laying the structural groundwork for batched anonymous large folio unmapping. - "Docs/ABI/damon: sysfs ABI document fixes and additions" (Song Hu) Fix typos and fills in missing entries in the DAMON sysfs ABI document - "dax/kmem: atomic whole-device hotplug via sysfs" (Gregory Price) Introduce an atomic sysfs state attribute and supporting DAX/MM infrastructure to prevent userland races when offlining and removing entire memory regions By adding an unplugged state alongside standard online modes, it enables whole-device atomic hotplug control while preserving backward compatibility. - "mm: convert more vm_flags_t users to vma_flags_t" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Continue transitioning the kernel from the deprecated vm_flags_t type to vma_flags_t across core memory management infrastructure. It replaces legacy type usage in core functions such as do_mmap(), unmapped area allocation, mm->def_vma_flags, and VMA operations like mlock, mprotect, and mremap. - "Two small patches to clean up mm/mm_slot.h" (xu xin) Refactor mm_slot.h by introducing mm_slot_remove() to unify duplicate slot deletion sequences in khugepaged and KSM. It also adds code documentation explaining why mm_slot_lookup and mm_slot_insert must remain as preprocessor macros rather than static inline functions. - "mm/damon/core: hide core-private struct fields" (SJ Park) Clean up DAMON core structures by consistently marking internal-only fields with private: comment tags to prevent improper direct access from outer layers. It enforces encapsulation across core structures including damon_region, damon_target, and damon_ctx and updates DAMON_SYSFS to interact through approved access APIs instead of exposing raw struct members. - "mm/damon: unurgent fixes for infinite loop, NULL de-ref and races" (SJ Park) Address potential infinite loops, NULL dereferences, and race conditions identified in DAMON It fixes an infinite loop triggered by extreme user configurations, a NULL pointer dereference within unit tests and minor monitoring accuracy degradation caused by subtle runtime races. - "mm/page_alloc: fixes for free_pages_nolock() on RT/UP" (Brendan Jackman) Fix an NMI safety flaw in __free_frozen_pages() where freeing pages on non-SMP or PREEMPT_RT kernels can bypass can_spin_trylock() checks via non-PCP or isolated migration paths. It also resolves potential kernel crashes and privilege escalation risks triggered when BPF tracing runs in NMI context alongside memory hotplug or large allocation frees. - "mm/page_alloc: couple of followups for recent cleanups" (Brendan Jackman) Clean up and update page allocator nomenclature, documentation, and debug assertions. It aligns internal FPI_ flags with the public "nolock" naming convention, removes outdated internal implementation details from high-level page allocator comments, and eliminates obsolete VM_BUG_ON() assertions in allocation paths. - "mm/mseal: further cleanups" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Refactor and simplify the mseal implementation by clarifying API boundaries and removing unnecessary code complexity. It replaces generic do_mseal() usage outside the syscall with a dedicated mseal_mmap_page_zero() helper for MMAP_PAGE_ZERO, eliminates mm_struct parameters to enforce that sealing applies only to current->mm, and streamlines overall logic and comments with no functional changes intended. - "mm/vmscan: fix swappiness=max and clean up per-node proactive reclaim" (Ridong Chen) Resolve reclaim behavior bugs and clean up function parameters across memory reclaim paths It fixes swappiness=max in both standard reclaim and MGLRU so unswappable anonymous memory no longer falls back to evicting page cache, ensures reclaim_store() returns accurate error codes instead of collapsing all failures into -EAGAIN, and removes the obsolete gfp_mask parameter from __node_reclaim(). - "mm: mincore: misc cleanups" (Kefeng Wang) Clean up and simplifies the mincore code. Most importantly, it removes the historical special behavior that always reports VM_PFNMAP pages as non-resident. - "mm/huge_memory: drop dead split helper variants" (Kiryl Shutsemau) Two trivial cleanups in the folio split API - "mm/damon: fix uninitialized DAMOS field and kunit exec expectation bugs" (SJ Park) Resolve minor operational and testing bugs in DAMON identified by Sashiko. It initializes the damos->last_applied field to prevent occasional efficiency degradation and fixes invalid memory accesses in DAMON KUnit tests during test failure handling. - "cleanup for stable_page_flags()" (Jinjiang Tu) Clean up and refactor stable_page_flags() used by /proc/kpageflags without altering functionality. It uses BIT_ULL() to prevent shift-overflow warnings on 64-bit flag bits, converts folio-specific flag checks to standard folio_test_*() helpers, and removes redundant CONFIG_PAGE_IDLE_FLAG handling. - "Batch unmap of uffd-wp file folios" (Dev Jain) Extend batched folio unmapping support to file folios within userfaultfd write-protect (uffd-wp) VMAs by adding batching capabilities to pte_install_uffd_wp_if_needed(). This removes special-case restrictions on uffd-wp VMAs in try_to_unmap_one(), significantly simplifying the function's control flow and complexity. - "mm/early_ioremap: clarify and clean up early_ioremap_reset()" (Sang-Heon Jeon) Clarify and clean up the architecture-specific usage of __late_set_fixmap() and __late_clear_fixmap() after early_ioremap_reset() It adds explicit documentation regarding when early_ioremap_reset() must be called and removes redundant macro definitions and reset calls in the RISC-V and ARM64 architectures. - "mm: fix reclaim storms in defrag_mode" (Johannes Weiner) Address severe performance regressions, swap storms, and spurious OOMs caused by vm.defrag_mode=1 under high memory pressure in Meta production It updates the page allocator slowpath so non-movable allocation requests actively trigger direct reclaim and direct compaction at pageblock_order scale, allowing them to claim whole pageblocks rather than spinning unproductively. - "zram: lockmap tweaks" (Sebastian Siewior) Optimize and fix lockdep tracking for zram devices by consolidating per-entry lockmaps and isolate lock classes across multiple instances This reduces memory overhead by replacing per-entry lockdep_map instances with a single map per struct zram, and assigns a dynamic lock_class_key to each instance to prevent false deadlock reports when different zram devices are backed by distinct filesystems. * tag 'mm-stable-2026-08-18-18-39' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (501 commits) selftests/mm: thuge-gen: fix test_shmget() for PAGE_SIZE check selftests/mm: unpoison pages in memory-failure teardown mm/shmem: downgrade final i_blocks check in shmem_evict_inode() to pr_warn() mm/khugepaged: replace mutex_lock/mutex_unlock usage with guard macro mm/zsmalloc: fix release order of locks in zs_page_migrate() Documentation: zram: remove sections numbering ksm: stop iterating VMAs when ksm_test_exit returns true mm: fold userfaultfd_rwp() to false without CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_PROTNONE mm/migrate: report RCU-tasks quiescent states in migrate_pages_batch() zram: use a custom key for each zram object zram: move lockmap to be per-zram instead per table selftests/mm: fix gup_longterm EINVAL error message mm: page_alloc: fix non-movable reclaim storm in defrag_mode mm: page_alloc: move capture_control to the page allocator mm: compaction: support non-movable compaction for pageblock requests mm: page_alloc: __GFP_FS lockdep annotation for direct compaction hugetlb: evaluate subpool free state while locked mm/damon: remove trailing semicolons after function definitions mm/damon/ops-common: prevent migration fallback to non-target nodes mm/damon: update outdated comment about DAMOS filter handling ...
9 daysMerge tag 'loongarch-7.3' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson Pull LoongArch updates from Huacai Chen: - Add DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END definition - Expand module virtual address space to 2GB - Use current_stack_pointer in current_pt_regs() - BPF JIT enhancements such as kptr_xchg and timed may_goto - Some bug fixes and other small changes * tag 'loongarch-7.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson: selftests/bpf: Enable kptr_xchg_inline test on LoongArch LoongArch: BPF: Add arch_bpf_stack_walk() implementation LoongArch: BPF: Add timed may_goto implementation LoongArch: BPF: Resolve per-CPU addrs for internal-only MOV LoongArch: BPF: Advertise JIT support for kptr xchg inline LoongArch: BPF: Align value-returning atomics with LKMM LoongArch: BPF: Split unconditional branch JA paths statically LoongArch: BPF: Remove dead move_imm() call in BPF_NEG path LoongArch: BPF: Remove redundant zext jumping in move_imm() LoongArch: BPF: Implement branchless conditional move for TCC LoongArch: BPF: Refactor jump offset calculation in tail call LoongArch: BPF: Move arena register slot below TCC context LoongArch: BPF: Optimize redundant TCC loads in epilogue LoongArch: Use current_stack_pointer in current_pt_regs() LoongArch: Use generic cmp_int() instead of custom cmp_3way() LoongArch: Expand module virtual address space to 2GB LoongArch: Add DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END definition LoongArch: Fix acpi_package_ids[] array overflow
11 daysMerge tag 'core-entry-2026-08-17' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull generic entry code updates from Thomas Gleixner: - Make syscall user dispatching configurable Not all architectures can makes use of syscall user dispatching. Allow them to disable the feature completely. - Consolidate stack randomization for the generic entry code and the architectures using it. Stack randomization on syscall entry was sprinkled throughout the architecture specific low level entry code and in some cases at the wrong points, e.g. before establishing state, which violates the non-instrumentable constraints of that code. Clean this up by integrating stack randomization into the generic entry code helpers so that it is invoked at the earliest possible point right after establishing state and converting all generic entry code using architecture over. - Clean up the syscall number handling in the generic entry code. It works correctly for architectures which have a separate return value storage in pt_regs, but fails to distinguish the case where user space handed in -1 as syscall number from the case where the entry code rejects it by returning -1 to the callers. Aside of that the return value functionality of those interfaces is not really intuitive. Fix this by separating the decision to reject a syscall (user dispatch, ptrace, seccomp ...) from the potential modification of the syscall number through these mechanisms. This solves most of the problems for architectures which do not have a separate return value storage in pt_regs except for the case where a tracepoint has a BPF script or a probe attached which overwrite both the syscall number and the return value. But that's a problem which cannot be solved in the generic code, that only can be addressed by separating the storage model in the affected architectures. * tag 'core-entry-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (23 commits) entry, treewide: Make syscall_enter_from_user_mode[_work]() indicate syscall execution entry: Make return type of syscall_trace_enter() bool entry: Rework trace_syscall_enter() entry: Rework syscall_audit_enter() syscall_user_dispatch: Introduce ARCH_SUPPORTS_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH entry: Fix seccomp bypass after ptrace with TSYNC x86/entry: Simplify the syscall number logic x86/entry: Get rid of the sys_ni_syscall() indirection x86/entry: Make syscall functions static ptrace, treewide: Rename ptrace_report_syscall_entry() to ptrace_report_syscall_permit_entry() seccomp, treewide: Rename and convert __secure_computing() to return boolean entry: Use syscall number instead of rereading it entry: Remove syscall_enter_from_user_mode() x86/syscall: Use [syscall_]enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() s390/syscall: Use enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() riscv/syscall: Use syscall_enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() powerpc/syscall: Use syscall_enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() loongarch/syscall: Use syscall_enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() entry: Provide [syscall_]enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() randomize_kstack: Provide add_random_kstack_offset_irqsoff() ...
13 daysLoongArch: BPF: Resolve per-CPU addrs for internal-only MOVGeorge Guo
Add support for the internal-only BPF_MOV instruction that resolves the absolute addresses of the per-CPU data from their per-CPU offsets. This instruction is used only for internal inlining optimizations between the BPF verifier and the JITs (e.g. inlining bpf_get_smp_processor_id() and per-CPU map lookups). LoongArch keeps the per-CPU offset of the current CPU in $r21 register (a.k.a. __my_cpu_offset), so resolving a per-CPU address only requires adding $r21 to the source register holding the per-CPU offset. Advertise the capability via bpf_jit_supports_percpu_insn(). Acked-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Tested-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: George Guo <guodongtai@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
13 daysLoongArch: BPF: Align value-returning atomics with LKMMChenguang Zhao
Per the Linux Kernel Memory Model, value-returning atomic RMW operations must provide sequentially consistent ordering (a full memory barrier). On LoongArch, plain AMO instructions and bare ll/sc loops do not satisfy this requirement by themselves. Update emit_atomic_rmw() to emit barrier-carrying instructions for all value-returning BPF atomics: - BPF_FETCH (ADD/AND/OR/XOR): use am*_db.{b,h,w,d} - BPF_XCHG: use amswap_db.{b,h,w,d} - BPF_CMPXCHG: emit dbar 0x700 after the ll/sc loop, matching __WEAK_LLSC_MB in cmpxchg.h Add the corresponding instruction encodings and emit helpers to inst.h. Non-value-returning RMW ops (plain BPF_ADD, BPF_AND, etc.) are left as weakly ordered, consistent with LKMM. Acked-by: Hengqi Chen <hengqi.chen@gmail.com> Acked-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Tested-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Chenguang Zhao <zhaochenguang@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
13 daysLoongArch: BPF: Implement branchless conditional move for TCCTiezhu Yang
The current implementation handles combined bpf2bpf and tail calls by checking at runtime whether REG_TCC holds a scalar count or a pointer address via a conditional jump. This adds branch prediction overhead in the hot path of tail call execution. To implement branchless conditional move, use an unsigned comparison (sltui) combined with mask instructions (maskeqz/masknez) to achieve branchless classification and blending of incoming scalar counts and kernel pointers in REG_TCC. This optimization refactors the inner logic of the helper function, unifies the offset decrement at the function entry, and removes all runtime branching from the prologue hot path completely. Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
13 daysLoongArch: Use current_stack_pointer in current_pt_regs()Tiezhu Yang
The current implementation of current_pt_regs() relies on the compiler __builtin_frame_address(0). This introduces an unnecessary dependency on the frame pointer register, which forces the compiler to generate redundant prologue and epilogue code, create a larger stack frame, and perform redundant memory operations to preserve the frame pointer even in functions where it is otherwise unnecessary. Optimize this by switching to current_stack_pointer, which explicitly maps to the hardware stack pointer register. This allows the compiler to compute the stack alignment directly from the natively maintained "$sp" register, completely eliminating the overhead of preserving and restoring the frame pointer on the stack memory. As a prominent example, this optimization improves the hot-path function copy_thread(). A disassembly comparison of copy_thread() illustrates the elimination of the frame pointer, the reduction of stack frame size from 48 bytes down to 32 bytes, and a more compact epilogue path: Before: 00000000000004f0 <copy_thread>: 4f0: 02ff4063 addi.d $sp, $sp, -48 4f4: 29c08076 st.d $fp, $sp, 32 4f8: 29c06077 st.d $s0, $sp, 24 4fc: 29c0a061 st.d $ra, $sp, 40 500: 02c0c076 addi.d $fp, $sp, 48 ... 54c: 1400006e lu12i.w $t2, 3 ... 55c: 03bffdce ori $t2, $t2, 0xfff 560: 00153ace or $t2, $fp, $t2 564: 02fb05cd addi.d $t1, $t2, -319 ... 628: 28c0a061 ld.d $ra, $sp, 40 62c: 28c08076 ld.d $fp, $sp, 32 630: 28c06077 ld.d $s0, $sp, 24 634: 00150004 move $a0, $zero 638: 02c0c063 addi.d $sp, $sp, 48 63c: 4c000020 ret After: 00000000000004f0 <copy_thread>: 4f0: 02ff8063 addi.d $sp, $sp, -32 4f4: 29c04077 st.d $s0, $sp, 16 4f8: 29c06061 st.d $ra, $sp, 24 [ prologue st.d and addi.d for $fp are completely eliminated ] ... 544: 1400006e lu12i.w $t2, 3 ... 554: 03bffdce ori $t2, $t2, 0xfff 558: 0015386e or $t2, $sp, $t2 55c: 02fb05cd addi.d $t1, $t2, -319 ... 620: 28c06061 ld.d $ra, $sp, 24 624: 28c04077 ld.d $s0, $sp, 16 628: 00150004 move $a0, $zero [ epilogue ld.d for $fp is eliminated; exit path is shortened ] 62c: 02c08063 addi.d $sp, $sp, 32 630: 4c000020 ret Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
13 daysLoongArch: Expand module virtual address space to 2GBTiezhu Yang
The current 256MB module virtual address space is easily exhausted when loading massive graphics drivers such as amdgpu along with the large unstripped symbol tables, resulting in allocation failures of "execmem: unable to allocate memory". Thus, expand the module virtual address space to 2GB while keeping the current normal code model '-mcmodel=normal', rather than using the medium code model '-mcmodel=medium'. This approach avoids the extra performance overhead and larger binary size of forcing every function call into a 2-instruction sequence of 'pcaddu18i + jirl'. Given that individual module code segments rarely exceed 128MB, most jumps remain fast direct calls by using the bl instruction. For the long-distance jumps exceeding the +/-128MB limit, apply_r_larch_b26() emits PLT entries, while signed_imm_check() guarantees the run-time safety by rejecting any out-of-bound instruction offsets. There is still a risk that the distance between .init.text and .text of the same module exceeds 128MB. So we divide the 2GB virtual space to be two sub-regions: the first 256MB is for module text, and the rest is for module data. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
13 daysLoongArch: Add DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END definitionHan Gao
get_free_mem_region() and mhp_get_pluggable_range() bound their search to DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END. LoongArch does not define it, so the fallback in include/linux/mm.h applies: under CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP it is (1ULL << MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS) - 1, a compile-time constant that does not adapt to the CPU's physical address space bits (cpu_pabits, probed from CPUCFG1). The vmemmap window only covers physical space below 2^(cpu_pabits+1) (i.e. VMEMMAP_SIZE), so on CPUs with fewer physical address bits than MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS the fallback allows get_free_mem_region() to return a ZONE_DEVICE region outside the vmemmap window; vmemmap_populate() then wraps the memmap range around and maps it into low memory, silently corrupting the page tables. The same search also picked the top-of- address-space region that crashed memmap_init_zone_device() with amdkfd on Loongson-3C6000 in 6.16 [1]; the commit 2969b42c8f99 ("LoongArch/mm: align vmemmap to maximal folio size") keeps that region in bounds on current Loongson-3C6000 configs, but CPUs with smaller cpu_pabits (e.g. the Loongson-2K series) are still affected. Define DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END as the vmemmap-covered physical range, (1ULL << (cpu_pabits + 1)) - 1, capped at (1ULL << MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS) - 1 under CONFIG_SPARSEMEM, similar to the commit f3336b48cf9d ("riscv: mm: Define DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END"). [1] https://lore.kernel.org/amd-gfx/20250814032153.227285-1-jeffbai@aosc.io/ Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v6.13+ Signed-off-by: Han Gao <gaohan@iscas.ac.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-08-04mm: decouple protnone helpers from CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCINGKiryl Shutsemau (Meta)
Patch series "userfaultfd: working set tracking for VM guest memory", v10. This series adds userfaultfd support for tracking the working set of VM guest memory, so a VMM can identify hot pages and reclaim cold ones to tiered or remote storage. This patch (of 15): pte_protnone() and pmd_protnone() detect present-but-inaccessible page table entries. This capability is useful beyond NUMA balancing -- for example, userfaultfd working set tracking uses protnone PTEs to track page access without unmapping pages. Introduce CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_PROTNONE to decouple the protnone PTE infrastructure from CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING. The six architectures that support protnone PTEs (x86_64, arm64, powerpc, s390, riscv, loongarch) now select this option, and CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING depends on it. No functional change -- the same set of architectures continues to have working protnone support, but the infrastructure is now available independently of NUMA balancing. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260708111417.173443-1-kirill@shutemov.name Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260708111417.173443-2-kirill@shutemov.name Signed-off-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-6 Acked-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org> Cc: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam@infradead.org> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <ljs@kernel.org> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-07-23LoongArch: Increase TASK_STRUCT_OFFSET up to 2040 for 32BITHuacai Chen
THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK increase the size of task_struct, which casuses a build error for the 32BIT kernel if RANDSTRUCT is enabled. So increase TASK_STRUCT_OFFSET as big as possible (2040), but can still be aligned and be fit in the addi.w instruction. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-07-14syscall_user_dispatch: Introduce ARCH_SUPPORTS_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCHJinjie Ruan
Currently, only x86 genuinely implements and supports Syscall User Dispatch (SUD). Multiple architectures provide a stub arch_syscall_is_vdso_sigreturn() returning 'false' simply to satisfy GENERIC_ENTRY compilation, which creates a false impression of feature support. Introduce ARCH_SUPPORTS_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH to decouple this mechanism from GENERIC_ENTRY. Select it exclusively on x86 and remove the redundant stub functions from other architectures. Suggested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260713035422.582771-1-ruanjinjie@huawei.com
2026-06-26Merge tag 'loongarch-7.2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson Pull LoongArch updates from Huacai Chen: - Add THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK implementation - Add build salt to the vDSO - Add some BPF JIT inline helpers - Update DTS for I2C clocks and clock-frequency - Some bug fixes and other small changes * tag 'loongarch-7.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson: selftests/bpf: Test jited inline of bpf_get_smp_processor_id() for LoongArch selftests/bpf: Test jited inline of bpf_get_current_task() for LoongArch selftests/bpf: Add __arch_loongarch to limit test cases for LoongArch selftests/bpf: Add get_preempt_count() support for LoongArch LoongArch: dts: Add i2c clocks and clock-frequency properties to LS2K2000 LoongArch: dts: Add i2c clocks and clock-frequency properties to LS2K1000 LoongArch: dts: Add i2c clocks and clock-frequency properties to LS2K0500 LoongArch: BPF: Inline bpf_get_smp_processor_id() helper LoongArch: BPF: Inline bpf_get_current_task/_btf() helpers LoongArch: BPF: Fix off-by-one error in tail call LoongArch: BPF: Fix outdated tail call comments LoongArch: Add build salt to the vDSO LoongArch: Fix nr passing in set_direct_map_valid_noflush() LoongArch: Fix missing dirty page tracking in {pte,pmd}_wrprotect() LoongArch: Move struct kimage forward declaration before use LoongArch: Report dying CPU to RCU in stop_this_cpu() LoongArch: Add PIO for early access before ACPI PCI root register LoongArch: Add THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK implementation
2026-06-25LoongArch: Fix missing dirty page tracking in {pte,pmd}_wrprotect()Hongchen Zhang
When hardware page table walker (PTW) is enabled on LoongArch, the CPU may set _PAGE_DIRTY directly in the page table entry during a write TLB miss, without going through the software TLB store handler. The software TLB store handler (tlbex.S:254) sets both _PAGE_DIRTY and_PAGE_MODIFIED together: ori t0, t0, (_PAGE_VALID | _PAGE_DIRTY | _PAGE_MODIFIED) Since hardware PTW only sets _PAGE_DIRTY, the software-only bit, i.e. _PAGE_MODIFIED is left unchanged. This creates a window where a PTE has _PAGE_DIRTY set (hardware knows the page is dirty) but _PAGE_MODIFIED clear (software is unaware). When fork()/clone() triggers copy-on-write, __copy_present_ptes() calls pte_wrprotect(), which unconditionally clears both the _PAGE_WRITE and _PAGE_DIRTY bits: pte_val(pte) &= ~(_PAGE_WRITE | _PAGE_DIRTY); Since _PAGE_MODIFIED was never set, the dirtiness information is lost completely. Subsequently, when memory pressure triggers page reclaim, page_mkclean() / try_to_unmap() sees the page as clean (i.e. pte_dirty() returns false) and the page may be freed without writeback, causing data corruption. Fix this by propagating the _PAGE_DIRTY bit to the _PAGE_MODIFIED bit in both pte_wrprotect() and pmd_wrprotect() before clearing writeable bits: if (pte_val(pte) & _PAGE_DIRTY) pte_val(pte) |= _PAGE_MODIFIED; The pmd_wrprotect() fix handles the CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE case, where pmd entries need the same treatment. This ensures the software dirty tracking bit (checked by pte_dirty() and pmd_dirty(), which read both the _PAGE_DIRTY and _PAGE_MODIFIED bits) is preserved across fork COW write-protection. The issue was found by the LTP madvise09 test case, which exercises page reclaim after "madvise(MADV_FREE), write and fork" operation sequence on private anonymous mappings. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 09cfefb7fa70 ("LoongArch: Add memory management") Co-developed-by: Tianyang Zhang <zhangtianyang@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Tianyang Zhang <zhangtianyang@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Hongchen Zhang <zhanghongchen@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-06-25LoongArch: Move struct kimage forward declaration before use谢致邦 (XIE Zhibang)
arch_kimage_file_post_load_cleanup() and load_other_segments(), both inside the CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE block, take a struct kimage pointer before the forward declaration appears. Move the forward declaration above so it precedes its first use instead of relying on a transitive include. Fixes: d162feec6b6e ("LoongArch: Add preparatory infrastructure for kexec_file") Signed-off-by: 谢致邦 (XIE Zhibang) <Yeking@Red54.com> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-06-25LoongArch: Add PIO for early access before ACPI PCI root registerHuacai Chen
For ACPI system we suppose the ISA/LPC PIO range is registered together with PCI root bridge. But the fact is there may be some early access to the ISA/LPC PIO range before ACPI PCI root register (most of them are due to abnormal BIOS). Unconditionally register the ISA/LPC PIO range usually causes ACPI PCI root register fail because of the address range confliction. So we add a pair of helpers: acpi_add_early_pio() to add PIO for early access, and acpi_remove_early_pio() to remove PIO before PCI root register. Since acpi_remove_early_pio() may be called multiple times, we add an acpi_pio flag to ensure PIO be removed only once. Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Tested-by: Yuanzhen Gan <elysia-best@simplelinux.cn.eu.org> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-06-25LoongArch: Add THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK implementationTiezhu Yang
Like other architectures such as x86, arm64, riscv, powerpc and s390, select THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK for LoongArch to move thread_info off the stack into task_struct. This follows modern kernel standards and also makes the system more secure. With this patch, thread_info is included in task_struct at an offset of 0 instead of being placed at the bottom of the kernel stack. Thus, the $tp register points to both thread_info and task_struct. To support this, introduce a per-CPU variable cpu_tasks to store the pointer to the current task_struct. This decouples the recovery of the $tp register from the stack pointer during exception entry. Then initialize cpu_tasks for the primary and secondary CPUs during arch-specific setup and SMP boot paths. To eliminate the dangerous windows during the early initialization where the cpu_tasks remains uninitialized, set_current() is invoked as early as possible in both setup_arch() and start_secondary(). This ensures the $tp recovery barrier is armed in case any early boot exceptions or kernel panics occur. Modify SAVE_SOME and handle_syscall to restore the $tp register from cpu_tasks, and also use the la_abs absolute addressing for cpu_tasks access in assembly to bypass the relocation limits within exception handling sections. By advancing the preservation of u0 in SAVE_SOME, we reuse the PERCPU_BASE_KS value in u0 for the cpu_tasks calculation, effectively eliminating a duplicate csrrd instruction execution on SMP platforms. Update <asm/switch_to.h> and <kernel/switch.S> to fully support the CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK feature. Remove the obsolete next_ti argument from __switch_to(), which shifts the remaining arguments ahead in the calling convention (sched_ra from a3 to a2, and sched_cfa from a4 to a3). Under the new configuration, __switch_to() now directly derives the thread pointer ($tp) from the next task_struct pointer in a1. To preserve the optimal and clean "move tp, a1" path for 64-bit kernels, the thread pointer ($tp) is assigned directly from a1 in the core path. For 32-bit kernels, where a1 carries a 2000-byte structural pointer bias at entry, an explicit adjustment "PTR_ADDI tp, tp, -TASK_STRUCT_OFFSET" is introduced at the function exit. In the context of __switch_to(), local interrupts are disabled, and the kernel is in a critical switching phase where handling any synchronous exception is practically impossible and prohibited. If any synchronous exception or watchpoint does trigger in this narrow window, it constitutes a fatal double fault and the kernel is expected to die/panic immediately anyway. Therefore, the temporary biased value in $tp is safe and acceptable here. Additionally, evaluate the stack lookup as a single load instruction "LONG_LPTR t0, a1, (TASK_STACK - TASK_STRUCT_OFFSET)", this perfectly satisfies both 32-bit and 64-bit kernels. Using the "next" pointer in a1 as the base register, rather than $tp, effectively unchains the data dependency (RAW hazard) from the preceding move instruction, maximizing the instruction-level parallelism and superscalar execution efficiency while naturally adapting the structural shift. With CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK enabled, the kernel stack life cycle is decoupled from task_struct and can be freed concurrently. Currently, show_stacktrace() reads raw stack data via __get_addr() and subsequently calls show_backtrace() to unwind the frame, without holding any reference to the target task's stack. If show_stacktrace() is called on a concurrently exiting task, it could attempt to read from a freed or reallocated kernel stack. This introduces a severe use-after-free (UAF) read risk or kernel panics. Wrap the entire stack inspection process inside show_stacktrace() with a try_get_task_stack() and put_task_stack() pair. This ensures the task stack remains pinned safely during both the raw stack data dump loop and the subsequent stack unwinding phase. Also, ensure that the task pointer is initialized to "current" early if it is NULL, so that try_get_task_stack() always operates on a valid task reference. Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-06-21Merge tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-06-21-10-22' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "taskstats: fix TGID dead-thread stat retention" (Yiyang Chen) Fix a taskstats TGID aggregation bug where fields added in the TGID query path were not preserved after thread exit, and adds a kselftest covering the regression. - "lib/tests: string_helpers: Slight improvements" (Andy Shevchenko) Improve lib/tests/string_helpers_kunit.c a little - "lib/base64: decode fixes" (Josh Law) Address minor issues in lib/base64.c - "selftests/filelock: Make output more kselftestish" (Mark Brown) Make the output from the ofdlocks test a bit easier for tooling to work with. Also ignore the generated file - "uaccess: unify inline vs outline copy_{from,to}_user() selection" (Yury Norov) Simplify the usercopy code by removing the selectability of inlining copy_{from,to}_user(). - "ocfs2: validate inline xattr header consumers" (ZhengYuan Huang) Fix a number of possible issues in the ocfs2 xattr code - "lib and lib/cmdline enhancements" (Dmitry Antipov) Provide additional robustness checking in the cmdline handling code and its in-kernel testing and selftests - "cleanup the RAID6 P/Q library" (Christoph Hellwig) Clean up the RAID6 P/Q library to match the recent updates to the RAID 5 XOR library and other CRC/crypto libraries - "ocfs2: harden inode validators against forged metadata" (Michael Bommarito) Add three structural checks to OCFS2 dinode validation so malformed on-disk fields are rejected before ocfs2_populate_inode() copies them into the in-core inode - "lib/raid: replace __get_free_pages() call with kmalloc()" (Mike Rapoport) Clean up the lib/raid code by using kmalloc() in more places * tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-06-21-10-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (108 commits) ocfs2: fix circular locking dependency in ocfs2_dio_end_io_write ocfs2: fix NULL h_transaction deref in ocfs2_assure_trans_credits lib: interval_tree_test: validate benchmark parameters ocfs2: avoid moving extents to occupied clusters treewide: fix transposed "sign" typos and update spelling.txt ocfs2: fix UBSAN array-index-out-of-bounds in ocfs2_sum_rightmost_rec fat: reject BPB volumes whose data area starts beyond total sectors selftests/uevent: increase __UEVENT_BUFFER_SIZE to avoid ENOBUFS on busy systems lib/test_firmware: allocate the configured into_buf size fs: efs: remove unneeded debug prints checkpatch: cuppress warnings when Reported-by: is followed by Link: MAINTAINERS: add Alexander as a kcov reviewer mailmap: update Alexander Sverdlin's Email addresses fs: fat: inode: replace sprintf() with scnprintf() ocfs2: fix out-of-bounds write in ocfs2_remove_refcount_extent ocfs2: fix race between ocfs2_control_install_private() and ocfs2_control_release() ocfs2/dlm: require a ref for locking_state debugfs open ocfs2: reject FITRIM ranges shorter than a cluster ocfs2: validate fast symlink target during inode read ocfs2: add journal NULL check in ocfs2_checkpoint_inode() ...
2026-06-11LoongArch: KVM: Use existing macro about interrupt bit maskBibo Mao
With interrupt post, register CSR.GINTC and CSR.ESTAT is used, and CSR.ESTAT is used for percpu interrupt injection and CSR.GINTC is for external hardware interrupt injection. Here use existing macro about interrupt bit of register CSR.GINTC and CSR.ESTAT, rather than hard coded constant value. Signed-off-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-06-11LoongArch: KVM: Remove KVM_LARCH_LSX and KVM_LARCH_LASXBibo Mao
In kvm_lose_fpu() FPU state is save in vcpu::arch::fpu, its FPU status comes from vcpu->arch.aux_inuse. Instead existing API vm_guest_has_xxx() can be used also, moreover, the bits KVM_LARCH_LSX and KVM_LARCH_LASX in arch.aux_inuse are removed. It makes the logic simpler than ever. Signed-off-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-06-11LoongArch: KVM: Enable FPU with max supported FPU typeBibo Mao
There are three FPU types FPU/LSX/LASX, which represents FPU64, FPU128 and FPU256, and now lazy FPU method is used with FPU enabling. There are three different HW FPU exception code with different FPU type. The exising method is to enable specified FPU type with responding FPU exeception. Supposing application uses FPU64 and FPU256, there will be FPU256 exception when FPU256 type is used. Here enable FPU with the max VM supported type directly, so it can avoid unnecessary FPU exception in future if further FPU type is used. Signed-off-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-06-11LoongArch: KVM: Add separate KVM_REQ_LBT_LOAD bitBibo Mao
There are different structures with FPU and LBT register restore, with FPU the structure is vcpu::arch::fpu, with LBT the structure is vcpu:: arch::lbt. Moreover, FPU/LSX/LASX saving and restoring share the common structure vcpu::arch::fpu. New request bit KVM_REQ_LBT_LOAD is used for LBT register restore, and rename KVM_REQ_AUX_LOAD with KVM_REQ_FPU_LOAD for FPU register restore. Signed-off-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-05-28uaccess: unify inline vs outline copy_{from,to}_user() selectionYury Norov
The kernel allows arches to select between inline and outline implementations of the copy_{from,to}_user() by defining individual INLINE_COPY_FROM_USER and INLINE_COPY_TO_USER, correspondingly. However, all arches enable or disable them always together. Without the real use-case for one helper being inlined while the other outlined, having independent controls is excessive and error prone. Switch the codebase to the single unified INLINE_COPY_USER control. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260425020857.356850-3-ynorov@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Yury Norov <ynorov@nvidia.com> Tested-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org> Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Cc: Viktor Malik <vmalik@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-23Merge tag 'loongarch-fixes-7.1-2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson Pull LoongArch fixes from Huacai Chen: "Rework KASLR to avoid initrd overlap, remove some unused code to avoid a build warning, fix some bugs in kprobes and KVM" * tag 'loongarch-fixes-7.1-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson: LoongArch: KVM: Move some variable declarations to paravirt.h LoongArch: kprobes: Fix handling of fatal unrecoverable recursions LoongArch: kprobes: Use larch_insn_text_copy() to patch instructions LoongArch: Remove unused code to avoid build warning LoongArch: Avoid initrd overlap during kernel relocation LoongArch: Skip relocation-time KASLR if already applied efi/loongarch: Randomize kernel preferred address for KASLR
2026-05-22LoongArch: KVM: Move some variable declarations to paravirt.hBibo Mao
Some variables relative with paravirt feature are declared in the header file asm/qspinlock.h, however this file can be included only when option CONFIG_SMP is on. There is compiling warnings if CONFIG_SMP is off since variables are not declared. Move these variable declarations to header file asm/paravirt.h to avoid compiling warnings. Fixes: c43dce6f13fb ("LoongArch: KVM: Make vcpu_is_preempted() as a macro rather than function") Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202605061313.O8Hswm2b-lkp@intel.com/ Signed-off-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-05-21efi/loongarch: Randomize kernel preferred address for KASLRWANG Rui
Introduce efi_get_kimg_kaslr_address() helper to compute the preferred kernel image load address dynamically when CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE is enabled. The function derives a random offset by using the EFI-provided randomness combined with the timer tick value, and constrains it within CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE_MAX_OFFSET. Update EFI_KIMG_PREFERRED_ADDRESS to call this helper so that the EFI stub can select a randomized load address when KASLR is active, while preserving the original base address behavior when KASLR is disabled or "nokaslr" is specified. Note: LoongArch can't KASLR for hibernation, so set efi_nokaslr to true if "resume=<devname>" is explicitly specified in cmdline. Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: WANG Rui <wangrui@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-05-21ring-buffer: Flush and stop persistent ring buffer on panicMasami Hiramatsu (Google)
On real hardware, panic and machine reboot may not flush hardware cache to memory. This means the persistent ring buffer, which relies on a coherent state of memory, may not have its events written to the buffer and they may be lost. Moreover, there may be inconsistency with the counters which are used for validation of the integrity of the persistent ring buffer which may cause all data to be discarded. To avoid this issue, stop recording of the ring buffer on panic and flush the cache of the ring buffer's memory. Fixes: e645535a954a ("tracing: Add option to use memmapped memory for trace boot instance") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/177751969602.2136606.12031934362587643488.stgit@mhiramat.tok.corp.google.com Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org> Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2026-05-04LoongArch: KVM: Compile switch.S directly into the kernelXianglai Li
If we directly compile the switch.S file into the kernel, the address of the kvm_exc_entry function will definitely be within the DMW memory area. Therefore, we will no longer need to perform a copy relocation of the kvm_exc_entry. So this patch compiles switch.S directly into the kernel, and then remove the copy relocation execution logic for the kvm_exc_entry function. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Xianglai Li <lixianglai@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-05-04LoongArch: vDSO: Drop custom __arch_vdso_hres_capable()Thomas Weißschuh
The custom definition is identical to the generic fallback one. So remove it. Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-05-04LoongArch: Fix SYM_SIGFUNC_START definition for 32BITHuacai Chen
The SYM_SIGFUNC_START definition should match sigcontext that the length of GPRs are 8 bytes for both 32BIT and 64BIT. So replace SZREG with 8 to fix it. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: e4878c37f6679fde ("LoongArch: vDSO: Emit GNU_EH_FRAME correctly") Suggested-by: Xi Ruoyao <xry111@xry111.site> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-24Merge tag 'loongarch-7.1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson Pull LoongArch updates from Huacai Chen: - Adjust build infrastructure for 32BIT/64BIT - Add HIGHMEM (PKMAP and FIX_KMAP) support - Show and handle CPU vulnerabilites correctly - Batch the icache maintenance for jump_label - Add more atomic instructions support for BPF JIT - Add more features (e.g. fsession) support for BPF trampoline - Some bug fixes and other small changes * tag 'loongarch-7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/chenhuacai/linux-loongson: (21 commits) selftests/bpf: Enable CAN_USE_LOAD_ACQ_STORE_REL for LoongArch LoongArch: BPF: Add fsession support for trampolines LoongArch: BPF: Introduce emit_store_stack_imm64() helper LoongArch: BPF: Support up to 12 function arguments for trampoline LoongArch: BPF: Support small struct arguments for trampoline LoongArch: BPF: Open code and remove invoke_bpf_mod_ret() LoongArch: BPF: Support load-acquire and store-release instructions LoongArch: BPF: Support 8 and 16 bit read-modify-write instructions LoongArch: BPF: Add the default case in emit_atomic() and rename it LoongArch: Define instruction formats for AM{SWAP/ADD}.{B/H} and DBAR LoongArch: Batch the icache maintenance for jump_label LoongArch: Add flush_icache_all()/local_flush_icache_all() LoongArch: Add spectre boundry for syscall dispatch table LoongArch: Show CPU vulnerabilites correctly LoongArch: Make arch_irq_work_has_interrupt() true only if IPI HW exist LoongArch: Use get_random_canary() for stack canary init LoongArch: Improve the logging of disabling KASLR LoongArch: Align FPU register state to 32 bytes LoongArch: Handle CONFIG_32BIT in syscall_get_arch() LoongArch: Add HIGHMEM (PKMAP and FIX_KMAP) support ...
2026-04-22LoongArch: Define instruction formats for AM{SWAP/ADD}.{B/H} and DBARTiezhu Yang
The 8 and 16 bit read-modify-write atomic instructions amadd.{b/h} and amswap.{b/h} were newly added in the latest LoongArch Reference Manual, define the instruction format and check whether support via CPUCFG. Furthermore, define the instruction format for DBAR which will be used to support BPF load-acquire and store-release instructions. This is preparation for later patches. Acked-by: Hengqi Chen <hengqi.chen@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-22LoongArch: Batch the icache maintenance for jump_labelYouling Tang
Switch to the batched version of the jump label update functions so instruction cache maintenance is deferred until the end of the update. Signed-off-by: Youling Tang <tangyouling@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-22LoongArch: Add flush_icache_all()/local_flush_icache_all()Youling Tang
LoongArch maintains ICache/DCache coherency by hardware, so we just need "ibar 0" to avoid instruction hazard here. Signed-off-by: Youling Tang <tangyouling@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-22LoongArch: Make arch_irq_work_has_interrupt() true only if IPI HW existHuacai Chen
After commit 7c405fb3279b3924 ("rcu: Use an intermediate irq_work to start process_srcu()"), Loongson-2K0300/2K0500 fail to boot. Because IRQ_WORK need IPI but Loongson-2K0300/2K0500 don't have IPI HW. So make arch_irq_work_has_interrupt() return true only if IPI HW exist. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Binbin Zhou <zhoubinbin@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-22LoongArch: Use get_random_canary() for stack canary initLuo Qiu
Like others, replace the custom stack canary initialization with the get_random_canary() helper, following the pattern established in commit 622754e84b10 ("stackprotector: actually use get_random_canary()"). Signed-off-by: Luo Qiu <luoqiu@kylinsec.com.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-22LoongArch: Align FPU register state to 32 bytesLisa Robinson
Move fpr to the beginning of struct loongarch_fpu so it is naturally aligned to FPU_ALIGN (32 bytes), improving 256-bit SIMD (LASX) context switch performance. Also adjust process.c and fpu.S to work well with the new loongarch_fpu layout. Signed-off-by: Lisa Robinson <lisa@bytefly.space> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-22LoongArch: Handle CONFIG_32BIT in syscall_get_arch()Tiezhu Yang
If CONFIG_32BIT is set, it should return AUDIT_ARCH_LOONGARCH32 instead of AUDIT_ARCH_LOONGARCH64 in syscall_get_arch(). Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-22LoongArch: Add HIGHMEM (PKMAP and FIX_KMAP) supportHuacai Chen
Add HIGHMEM (High Memory) support for LoongArch, mostly needed by 32BIT kernel because the size of kernel virtual memory space is only 512MB and the size of usable physical memory is only 256MB in this case. HIGHMEM adds permanent kernel mapping (PKMAP) and fixed kernel mapping (FIX_KMAP), which increase usable physical memory up to 2.25GB (2304MB). We can just use the generic copy_user_highpage(), so remove the custom version. Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-17Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds
Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini: "Arm: - Add support for tracing in the standalone EL2 hypervisor code, which should help both debugging and performance analysis. This uses the new infrastructure for 'remote' trace buffers that can be exposed by non-kernel entities such as firmware, and which came through the tracing tree - Add support for GICv5 Per Processor Interrupts (PPIs), as the starting point for supporting the new GIC architecture in KVM - Finally add support for pKVM protected guests, where pages are unmapped from the host as they are faulted into the guest and can be shared back from the guest using pKVM hypercalls. Protected guests are created using a new machine type identifier. As the elusive guestmem has not yet delivered on its promises, anonymous memory is also supported This is only a first step towards full isolation from the host; for example, the CPU register state and DMA accesses are not yet isolated. Because this does not really yet bring fully what it promises, it is hidden behind CONFIG_ARM_PKVM_GUEST + 'kvm-arm.mode=protected', and also triggers TAINT_USER when a VM is created. Caveat emptor - Rework the dreaded user_mem_abort() function to make it more maintainable, reducing the amount of state being exposed to the various helpers and rendering a substantial amount of state immutable - Expand the Stage-2 page table dumper to support NV shadow page tables on a per-VM basis - Tidy up the pKVM PSCI proxy code to be slightly less hard to follow - Fix both SPE and TRBE in non-VHE configurations so that they do not generate spurious, out of context table walks that ultimately lead to very bad HW lockups - A small set of patches fixing the Stage-2 MMU freeing in error cases - Tighten-up accepted SMC immediate value to be only #0 for host SMCCC calls - The usual cleanups and other selftest churn LoongArch: - Use CSR_CRMD_PLV for kvm_arch_vcpu_in_kernel() - Add DMSINTC irqchip in kernel support RISC-V: - Fix steal time shared memory alignment checks - Fix vector context allocation leak - Fix array out-of-bounds in pmu_ctr_read() and pmu_fw_ctr_read_hi() - Fix double-free of sdata in kvm_pmu_clear_snapshot_area() - Fix integer overflow in kvm_pmu_validate_counter_mask() - Fix shift-out-of-bounds in make_xfence_request() - Fix lost write protection on huge pages during dirty logging - Split huge pages during fault handling for dirty logging - Skip CSR restore if VCPU is reloaded on the same core - Implement kvm_arch_has_default_irqchip() for KVM selftests - Factored-out ISA checks into separate sources - Added hideleg to struct kvm_vcpu_config - Factored-out VCPU config into separate sources - Support configuration of per-VM HGATP mode from KVM user space s390: - Support for ESA (31-bit) guests inside nested hypervisors - Remove restriction on memslot alignment, which is not needed anymore with the new gmap code - Fix LPSW/E to update the bear (which of course is the breaking event address register) x86: - Shut up various UBSAN warnings on reading module parameter before they were initialized - Don't zero-allocate page tables that are used for splitting hugepages in the TDP MMU, as KVM is guaranteed to set all SPTEs in the page table and thus write all bytes - As an optimization, bail early when trying to unsync 4KiB mappings if the target gfn can just be mapped with a 2MiB hugepage x86 generic: - Copy single-chunk MMIO write values into struct kvm_vcpu (more precisely struct kvm_mmio_fragment) to fix use-after-free stack bugs where KVM would dereference stack pointer after an exit to userspace - Clean up and comment the emulated MMIO code to try to make it easier to maintain (not necessarily "easy", but "easier") - Move VMXON+VMXOFF and EFER.SVME toggling out of KVM (not *all* of VMX and SVM enabling) as it is needed for trusted I/O - Advertise support for AVX512 Bit Matrix Multiply (BMM) instructions - Immediately fail the build if a required #define is missing in one of KVM's headers that is included multiple times - Reject SET_GUEST_DEBUG with -EBUSY if there's an already injected exception, mostly to prevent syzkaller from abusing the uAPI to trigger WARNs, but also because it can help prevent userspace from unintentionally crashing the VM - Exempt SMM from CPUID faulting on Intel, as per the spec - Misc hardening and cleanup changes x86 (AMD): - Fix and optimize IRQ window inhibit handling for AVIC; make it per-vCPU so that KVM doesn't prematurely re-enable AVIC if multiple vCPUs have to-be-injected IRQs - Clean up and optimize the OSVW handling, avoiding a bug in which KVM would overwrite state when enabling virtualization on multiple CPUs in parallel. This should not be a problem because OSVW should usually be the same for all CPUs - Drop a WARN in KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION where KVM complains about a "too large" size based purely on user input - Clean up and harden the pinning code for KVM_MEMORY_ENCRYPT_REG_REGION - Disallow synchronizing a VMSA of an already-launched/encrypted vCPU, as doing so for an SNP guest will crash the host due to an RMP violation page fault - Overhaul KVM's APIs for detecting SEV+ guests so that VM-scoped queries are required to hold kvm->lock, and enforce it by lockdep. Fix various bugs where sev_guest() was not ensured to be stable for the whole duration of a function or ioctl - Convert a pile of kvm->lock SEV code to guard() - Play nicer with userspace that does not enable KVM_CAP_EXCEPTION_PAYLOAD, for which KVM needs to set CR2 and DR6 as a response to ioctls such as KVM_GET_VCPU_EVENTS (even if the payload would end up in EXITINFO2 rather than CR2, for example). Only set CR2 and DR6 when consumption of the payload is imminent, but on the other hand force delivery of the payload in all paths where userspace retrieves CR2 or DR6 - Use vcpu->arch.cr2 when updating vmcb12's CR2 on nested #VMEXIT instead of vmcb02->save.cr2. The value is out of sync after a save/restore or after a #PF is injected into L2 - Fix a class of nSVM bugs where some fields written by the CPU are not synchronized from vmcb02 to cached vmcb12 after VMRUN, and so are not up-to-date when saved by KVM_GET_NESTED_STATE - Fix a class of bugs where the ordering between KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE and KVM_SET_{S}REGS could cause vmcb02 to be incorrectly initialized after save+restore - Add a variety of missing nSVM consistency checks - Fix several bugs where KVM failed to correctly update VMCB fields on nested #VMEXIT - Fix several bugs where KVM failed to correctly synthesize #UD or #GP for SVM-related instructions - Add support for save+restore of virtualized LBRs (on SVM) - Refactor various helpers and macros to improve clarity and (hopefully) make the code easier to maintain - Aggressively sanitize fields when copying from vmcb12, to guard against unintentionally allowing L1 to utilize yet-to-be-defined features - Fix several bugs where KVM botched rAX legality checks when emulating SVM instructions. There are remaining issues in that KVM doesn't handle size prefix overrides for 64-bit guests - Fail emulation of VMRUN/VMLOAD/VMSAVE if mapping vmcb12 fails instead of somewhat arbitrarily synthesizing #GP (i.e. don't double down on AMD's architectural but sketchy behavior of generating #GP for "unsupported" addresses) - Cache all used vmcb12 fields to further harden against TOCTOU bugs x86 (Intel): - Drop obsolete branch hint prefixes from the VMX instruction macros - Use ASM_INPUT_RM() in __vmcs_writel() to coerce clang into using a register input when appropriate - Code cleanups guest_memfd: - Don't mark guest_memfd folios as accessed, as guest_memfd doesn't support reclaim, the memory is unevictable, and there is no storage to write back to LoongArch selftests: - Add KVM PMU test cases s390 selftests: - Enable more memory selftests x86 selftests: - Add support for Hygon CPUs in KVM selftests - Fix a bug in the MSR test where it would get false failures on AMD/Hygon CPUs with exactly one of RDPID or RDTSCP - Add an MADV_COLLAPSE testcase for guest_memfd as a regression test for a bug where the kernel would attempt to collapse guest_memfd folios against KVM's will" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (373 commits) KVM: x86: use inlines instead of macros for is_sev_*guest x86/virt: Treat SVM as unsupported when running as an SEV+ guest KVM: SEV: Goto an existing error label if charging misc_cg for an ASID fails KVM: SVM: Move lock-protected allocation of SEV ASID into a separate helper KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in snp_handle_guest_req() KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in sev_mem_enc_unregister_region() KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in sev_mem_enc_ioctl() KVM: SEV: use mutex guard in snp_launch_update() KVM: SEV: Assert that kvm->lock is held when querying SEV+ support KVM: SEV: Document that checking for SEV+ guests when reclaiming memory is "safe" KVM: SEV: Hide "struct kvm_sev_info" behind CONFIG_KVM_AMD_SEV=y KVM: SEV: WARN on unhandled VM type when initializing VM KVM: LoongArch: selftests: Add PMU overflow interrupt test KVM: LoongArch: selftests: Add basic PMU event counting test KVM: LoongArch: selftests: Add cpucfg read/write helpers LoongArch: KVM: Add DMSINTC inject msi to vCPU LoongArch: KVM: Add DMSINTC device support LoongArch: KVM: Make vcpu_is_preempted() as a macro rather than function LoongArch: KVM: Move host CSR_GSTAT save and restore in context switch LoongArch: KVM: Move host CSR_EENTRY save and restore in context switch ...
2026-04-16Merge tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-04-15-04-20' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "pid: make sub-init creation retryable" (Oleg Nesterov) Make creation of init in a new namespace more robust by clearing away some historical cruft which is no longer needed. Also some documentation fixups - "selftests/fchmodat2: Error handling and general" (Mark Brown) Fix and a cleanup for the fchmodat2() syscall selftest - "lib: polynomial: Move to math/ and clean up" (Andy Shevchenko) - "hung_task: Provide runtime reset interface for hung task detector" (Aaron Tomlin) Give administrators the ability to zero out /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_detect_count - "tools/getdelays: use the static UAPI headers from tools/include/uapi" (Thomas Weißschuh) Teach getdelays to use the in-kernel UAPI headers rather than the system-provided ones - "watchdog/hardlockup: Improvements to hardlockup" (Mayank Rungta) Several cleanups and fixups to the hardlockup detector code and its documentation - "lib/bch: fix undefined behavior from signed left-shifts" (Josh Law) A couple of small/theoretical fixes in the bch code - "ocfs2/dlm: fix two bugs in dlm_match_regions()" (Junrui Luo) - "cleanup the RAID5 XOR library" (Christoph Hellwig) A quite far-reaching cleanup to this code. I can't do better than to quote Christoph: "The XOR library used for the RAID5 parity is a bit of a mess right now. The main file sits in crypto/ despite not being cryptography and not using the crypto API, with the generic implementations sitting in include/asm-generic and the arch implementations sitting in an asm/ header in theory. The latter doesn't work for many cases, so architectures often build the code directly into the core kernel, or create another module for the architecture code. Change this to a single module in lib/ that also contains the architecture optimizations, similar to the library work Eric Biggers has done for the CRC and crypto libraries later. After that it changes to better calling conventions that allow for smarter architecture implementations (although none is contained here yet), and uses static_call to avoid indirection function call overhead" - "lib/list_sort: Clean up list_sort() scheduling workarounds" (Kuan-Wei Chiu) Clean up this library code by removing a hacky thing which was added for UBIFS, which UBIFS doesn't actually need - "Fix bugs in extract_iter_to_sg()" (Christian Ehrhardt) Fix a few bugs in the scatterlist code, add in-kernel tests for the now-fixed bugs and fix a leak in the test itself - "kdump: Enable LUKS-encrypted dump target support in ARM64 and PowerPC" (Coiby Xu) Enable support of the LUKS-encrypted device dump target on arm64 and powerpc - "ocfs2: consolidate extent list validation into block read callbacks" (Joseph Qi) Cleanup, simplify, and make more robust ocfs2's validation of extent list fields (Kernel test robot loves mounting corrupted fs images!) * tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-04-15-04-20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (127 commits) ocfs2: validate group add input before caching ocfs2: validate bg_bits during freefrag scan ocfs2: fix listxattr handling when the buffer is full doc: watchdog: fix typos etc update Sean's email address ocfs2: use get_random_u32() where appropriate ocfs2: split transactions in dio completion to avoid credit exhaustion ocfs2: remove redundant l_next_free_rec check in __ocfs2_find_path() ocfs2: validate extent block list fields during block read ocfs2: remove empty extent list check in ocfs2_dx_dir_lookup_rec() ocfs2: validate dx_root extent list fields during block read ocfs2: fix use-after-free in ocfs2_fault() when VM_FAULT_RETRY ocfs2: handle invalid dinode in ocfs2_group_extend .get_maintainer.ignore: add Askar ocfs2: validate bg_list extent bounds in discontig groups checkpatch: exclude forward declarations of const structs tools/accounting: handle truncated taskstats netlink messages taskstats: set version in TGID exit notifications ocfs2/heartbeat: fix slot mapping rollback leaks on error paths arm64,ppc64le/kdump: pass dm-crypt keys to kdump kernel ...
2026-04-15Merge tag 'mm-stable-2026-04-13-21-45' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "maple_tree: Replace big node with maple copy" (Liam Howlett) Mainly prepararatory work for ongoing development but it does reduce stack usage and is an improvement. - "mm, swap: swap table phase III: remove swap_map" (Kairui Song) Offers memory savings by removing the static swap_map. It also yields some CPU savings and implements several cleanups. - "mm: memfd_luo: preserve file seals" (Pratyush Yadav) File seal preservation to LUO's memfd code - "mm: zswap: add per-memcg stat for incompressible pages" (Jiayuan Chen) Additional userspace stats reportng to zswap - "arch, mm: consolidate empty_zero_page" (Mike Rapoport) Some cleanups for our handling of ZERO_PAGE() and zero_pfn - "mm/kmemleak: Improve scan_should_stop() implementation" (Zhongqiu Han) A robustness improvement and some cleanups in the kmemleak code - "Improve khugepaged scan logic" (Vernon Yang) Improve khugepaged scan logic and reduce CPU consumption by prioritizing scanning tasks that access memory frequently - "Make KHO Stateless" (Jason Miu) Simplify Kexec Handover by transitioning KHO from an xarray-based metadata tracking system with serialization to a radix tree data structure that can be passed directly to the next kernel - "mm: vmscan: add PID and cgroup ID to vmscan tracepoints" (Thomas Ballasi and Steven Rostedt) Enhance vmscan's tracepointing - "mm: arch/shstk: Common shadow stack mapping helper and VM_NOHUGEPAGE" (Catalin Marinas) Cleanup for the shadow stack code: remove per-arch code in favour of a generic implementation - "Fix KASAN support for KHO restored vmalloc regions" (Pasha Tatashin) Fix a WARN() which can be emitted the KHO restores a vmalloc area - "mm: Remove stray references to pagevec" (Tal Zussman) Several cleanups, mainly udpating references to "struct pagevec", which became folio_batch three years ago - "mm: Eliminate fake head pages from vmemmap optimization" (Kiryl Shutsemau) Simplify the HugeTLB vmemmap optimization (HVO) by changing how tail pages encode their relationship to the head page - "mm/damon/core: improve DAMOS quota efficiency for core layer filters" (SeongJae Park) Improve two problematic behaviors of DAMOS that makes it less efficient when core layer filters are used - "mm/damon: strictly respect min_nr_regions" (SeongJae Park) Improve DAMON usability by extending the treatment of the min_nr_regions user-settable parameter - "mm/page_alloc: pcp locking cleanup" (Vlastimil Babka) The proper fix for a previously hotfixed SMP=n issue. Code simplifications and cleanups ensued - "mm: cleanups around unmapping / zapping" (David Hildenbrand) A bunch of cleanups around unmapping and zapping. Mostly simplifications, code movements, documentation and renaming of zapping functions - "support batched checking of the young flag for MGLRU" (Baolin Wang) Batched checking of the young flag for MGLRU. It's part cleanups; one benchmark shows large performance benefits for arm64 - "memcg: obj stock and slab stat caching cleanups" (Johannes Weiner) memcg cleanup and robustness improvements - "Allow order zero pages in page reporting" (Yuvraj Sakshith) Enhance free page reporting - it is presently and undesirably order-0 pages when reporting free memory. - "mm: vma flag tweaks" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Cleanup work following from the recent conversion of the VMA flags to a bitmap - "mm/damon: add optional debugging-purpose sanity checks" (SeongJae Park) Add some more developer-facing debug checks into DAMON core - "mm/damon: test and document power-of-2 min_region_sz requirement" (SeongJae Park) An additional DAMON kunit test and makes some adjustments to the addr_unit parameter handling - "mm/damon/core: make passed_sample_intervals comparisons overflow-safe" (SeongJae Park) Fix a hard-to-hit time overflow issue in DAMON core - "mm/damon: improve/fixup/update ratio calculation, test and documentation" (SeongJae Park) A batch of misc/minor improvements and fixups for DAMON - "mm: move vma_(kernel|mmu)_pagesize() out of hugetlb.c" (David Hildenbrand) Fix a possible issue with dax-device when CONFIG_HUGETLB=n. Some code movement was required. - "zram: recompression cleanups and tweaks" (Sergey Senozhatsky) A somewhat random mix of fixups, recompression cleanups and improvements in the zram code - "mm/damon: support multiple goal-based quota tuning algorithms" (SeongJae Park) Extend DAMOS quotas goal auto-tuning to support multiple tuning algorithms that users can select - "mm: thp: reduce unnecessary start_stop_khugepaged()" (Breno Leitao) Fix the khugpaged sysfs handling so we no longer spam the logs with reams of junk when starting/stopping khugepaged - "mm: improve map count checks" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Provide some cleanups and slight fixes in the mremap, mmap and vma code - "mm/damon: support addr_unit on default monitoring targets for modules" (SeongJae Park) Extend the use of DAMON core's addr_unit tunable - "mm: khugepaged cleanups and mTHP prerequisites" (Nico Pache) Cleanups to khugepaged and is a base for Nico's planned khugepaged mTHP support - "mm: memory hot(un)plug and SPARSEMEM cleanups" (David Hildenbrand) Code movement and cleanups in the memhotplug and sparsemem code - "mm: remove CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE and cleanup CONFIG_MIGRATION" (David Hildenbrand) Rationalize some memhotplug Kconfig support - "change young flag check functions to return bool" (Baolin Wang) Cleanups to change all young flag check functions to return bool - "mm/damon/sysfs: fix memory leak and NULL dereference issues" (Josh Law and SeongJae Park) Fix a few potential DAMON bugs - "mm/vma: convert vm_flags_t to vma_flags_t in vma code" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Convert a lot of the existing use of the legacy vm_flags_t data type to the new vma_flags_t type which replaces it. Mainly in the vma code. - "mm: expand mmap_prepare functionality and usage" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Expand the mmap_prepare functionality, which is intended to replace the deprecated f_op->mmap hook which has been the source of bugs and security issues for some time. Cleanups, documentation, extension of mmap_prepare into filesystem drivers - "mm/huge_memory: refactor zap_huge_pmd()" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Simplify and clean up zap_huge_pmd(). Additional cleanups around vm_normal_folio_pmd() and the softleaf functionality are performed. * tag 'mm-stable-2026-04-13-21-45' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (369 commits) mm: fix deferred split queue races during migration mm/khugepaged: fix issue with tracking lock mm/huge_memory: add and use has_deposited_pgtable() mm/huge_memory: add and use normal_or_softleaf_folio_pmd() mm: add softleaf_is_valid_pmd_entry(), pmd_to_softleaf_folio() mm/huge_memory: separate out the folio part of zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: use mm instead of tlb->mm mm/huge_memory: remove unnecessary sanity checks mm/huge_memory: deduplicate zap deposited table call mm/huge_memory: remove unnecessary VM_BUG_ON_PAGE() mm/huge_memory: add a common exit path to zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: handle buggy PMD entry in zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: have zap_huge_pmd return a boolean, add kdoc mm/huge: avoid big else branch in zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: simplify vma_is_specal_huge() mm: on remap assert that input range within the proposed VMA mm: add mmap_action_map_kernel_pages[_full]() uio: replace deprecated mmap hook with mmap_prepare in uio_info drivers: hv: vmbus: replace deprecated mmap hook with mmap_prepare mm: allow handling of stacked mmap_prepare hooks in more drivers ...
2026-04-14Merge tag 'irq-core-2026-04-12' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull core irq updates from Thomas Gleixner: - Invoke add_interrupt_randomness() in handle_percpu_devid_irq() and cleanup the workaround in the Hyper-V driver, which would now invoke it twice on ARM64. Removing it from the driver requires to add it to the x86 system vector entry point - Remove the pointles cpu_read_lock() around reading CPU possible mask, which is read only after init - Add documentation for the interaction between device tree bindings and the interrupt type defines in irq.h - Delete stale defines in the matrix allocator and the equivalent in loongarch * tag 'irq-core-2026-04-12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: Drivers: hv: Move add_interrupt_randomness() to hypervisor callback sysvec genirq/chip: Invoke add_interrupt_randomness() in handle_percpu_devid_irq() genirq/affinity: Remove cpus_read_lock() while reading cpu_possible_mask genirq/matrix, LoongArch: Delete IRQ_MATRIX_BITS leftovers genirq: Document interaction between <linux/irq.h> and DT binding defines
2026-04-09LoongArch: KVM: Add DMSINTC inject msi to vCPUSong Gao
Implement irqfd that deliver msi to vCPU and vCPU dmsintc irq injection. Add pch_msi_set_irq() choice dmsintc to set msi irq by the msg_addr and implement dmsintc set msi irq. Signed-off-by: Song Gao <gaosong@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-09LoongArch: KVM: Add DMSINTC device supportSong Gao
Add device model for DMSINTC interrupt controller, implement basic create/destroy/set_attr interfaces, and register device model to kvm device table. Reviewed-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Song Gao <gaosong@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-09LoongArch: KVM: Make vcpu_is_preempted() as a macro rather than functionBibo Mao
vcpu_is_preempted() is performance sensitive that called in function osq_lock(), here make it as a macro. So that parameter is not parsed at most time, it can avoid cache line thrashing across numa nodes. Here is part of UnixBench result on Loongson-3C5000 DualWay machine with 32 cores and 2 numa nodes. original inline macro execl 7025.7 6991.2 7242.3 fstime 474.6 703.1 1071 From the test result, making vcpu_is_preempted() as a macro is the best, and there is some improvment compared with the original function method. Signed-off-by: Bibo Mao <maobibo@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
2026-04-06ACPI: PPTT: Use acpi_get_cpu_uid() and remove get_acpi_id_for_cpu()Chengwen Feng
Update acpi/pptt.c to use acpi_get_cpu_uid() and remove unused get_acpi_id_for_cpu() from arm64/loongarch/riscv, completing PPTT's migration to the unified ACPI CPU UID interface Signed-off-by: Chengwen Feng <fengchengwen@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260401081640.26875-8-fengchengwen@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-04-06ACPI: Centralize acpi_get_cpu_uid() declaration in include/linux/acpi.hChengwen Feng
Centralize acpi_get_cpu_uid() in include/linux/acpi.h (global scope) and remove arch-specific declarations from arm64/loongarch/riscv/x86 asm/acpi.h. This unifies the interface across architectures and simplifies maintenance by eliminating duplicate prototypes. Signed-off-by: Chengwen Feng <fengchengwen@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260401081640.26875-6-fengchengwen@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-04-06LoongArch: Add acpi_get_cpu_uid() for unified ACPI CPU UID retrievalChengwen Feng
As a step towards unifying the interface for retrieving ACPI CPU UID across architectures, introduce a new function acpi_get_cpu_uid() for loongarch. While at it, add input validation to make the code more robust. Signed-off-by: Chengwen Feng <fengchengwen@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260401081640.26875-3-fengchengwen@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
2026-04-05mm: convert do_brk_flags() to use vma_flags_tLorenzo Stoakes (Oracle)
In order to be able to do this, we need to change VM_DATA_DEFAULT_FLAGS and friends and update the architecture-specific definitions also. We then have to update some KSM logic to handle VMA flags, and introduce VMA_STACK_FLAGS to define the vma_flags_t equivalent of VM_STACK_FLAGS. We also introduce two helper functions for use during the time we are converting legacy flags to vma_flags_t values - vma_flags_to_legacy() and legacy_to_vma_flags(). This enables us to iteratively make changes to break these changes up into separate parts. We use these explicitly here to keep VM_STACK_FLAGS around for certain users which need to maintain the legacy vm_flags_t values for the time being. We are no longer able to rely on the simple VM_xxx being set to zero if the feature is not enabled, so in the case of VM_DROPPABLE we introduce VMA_DROPPABLE as the vma_flags_t equivalent, which is set to EMPTY_VMA_FLAGS if the droppable flag is not available. While we're here, we make the description of do_brk_flags() into a kdoc comment, as it almost was already. We use vma_flags_to_legacy() to not need to update the vm_get_page_prot() logic as this time. Note that in create_init_stack_vma() we have to replace the BUILD_BUG_ON() with a VM_WARN_ON_ONCE() as the tested values are no longer build time available. We also update mprotect_fixup() to use VMA flags where possible, though we have to live with a little duplication between vm_flags_t and vma_flags_t values for the time being until further conversions are made. While we're here, update VM_SPECIAL to be defined in terms of VMA_SPECIAL_FLAGS now we have vma_flags_to_legacy(). Finally, we update the VMA tests to reflect these changes. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/d02e3e45d9a33d7904b149f5604904089fd640ae.1774034900.git.ljs@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org> Acked-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com> [SELinux] Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka (SUSE) <vbabka@kernel.org> Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org> Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> Cc: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Pedro Falcato <pfalcato@suse.de> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Stephen Smalley <stephen.smalley.work@gmail.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: WANG Xuerui <kernel@xen0n.name> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>