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6 daysMerge tag 'pci-v7.3-changes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pci/pci Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas: "Resource management: - Add hotplug reservation only once (not at each level of the hierarchy) so bridge windows don't grow more than necessary (Ilpo Järvinen) Driver binding: - Rework device matching so device ID lifetime only needs to cover the probe path since dynamic IDs can be removed at any time (Gary Guo) Error handling: - Update mappings of AER errors to agent & layer and log them for each individual error when multiple errors detected (Lukas Wunner) - Log Error Source only once, not twice in separate messages (Lukas Wunner) - Emit TLP Log only for unmasked errors (Lukas Wunner) - Support Advisory Non-Fatal Errors (Lukas Wunner) - Allow DPC on all Downstream Ports, not just Root Ports, when OS controls AER (Darshit Shah) ASPM: - Program the same ASPM Control values for every function of multi-function devices, as recommended by the PCIe spec (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Avoid L0s for Realtek RTS525A, where it causes an AER interrupt storm (Max Lee) - Avoid ASPM L0s, L1, and L1 PM Substates based on 'aspm-no-l0s', 'aspm-no-l1' [1], and 'aspm-no-l1ss' DT properties (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) Power management: - Allow D3 for native hotplug-capable Root Ports on non-x86 platforms (we avoid D3 for these ports on x86 because some old platforms didn't validate it) (Manivannan Sadhasivam) - Allow portdrv to claim Ports even if they don't support services (AER, PME, DPC, hotplug, etc) so it can do power management (Brian Norris) Power control: - Add support for PCIe WAKE# interrupt when described via DT (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - For the TC9563 PCIe switch: - Take a reference on the I2C adapter to avoid uninterruptible hang when unloading an I2C module while in-use (Johan Hovold) - Update DT binding and driver to restrict Tx Amplitude, DFE and N_FTS to USP, DSP1 and DSP2 (Manivannan Sadhasivam) - Power off only external-facing ports (DSP1, DSP2), leaving USP and DSP3 (aka VDSP) powered up (Manivannan Sadhasivam) - Move integrated MAC Endpoint out of the list of internal ports and configure it separately (Manivannan Sadhasivam) Virtualization: - Add ACS quirk for Pericom PI7C9X2G608 switches (Tim Harvey) - Fix a long-standing bug in the Intel PCH Root Port MPC ACS quirk that didn't update the intended INTEL_MPC_REG_IRBNCE bit because it used a 16-bit config write when a 32-bit write was intended (Mohamad Raizudeen) Procfs: - Avoid spurious runtime PM wakeup on config space accesses that are outside config space and fail before reaching PCI (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Warn on user-space writes to kernel-exclusive config space regions, as we already do for sysfs (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Check credentials of opener, not reader, for config space reads, as we already do for sysfs (Krzysztof Wilczyński) Sysfs: - In pci_write_legacy_io(), avoid out-of-bounds reads from the user buffer and fix incorrect ioport write data (1-byte writes on little-endian powerpc, 2- and 4-byte writes on big-endian powerpc) (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - In pci_read_legacy_io(), fix incorrect ioport read data for 2- and 4-byte reads on big-endian powerpc (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Fix I/O port accessor argument order in Alpha pci_legacy_write() (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Avoid spurious runtime PM wakeup on config space accesses that are outside config space and fail before reaching PCI (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Return -EINVAL, not -ENODEV, for mmap of I/O BAR that fails because the arch doesn't support it, as we do for procfs (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Check for LOCKDOWN_PCI_ACCESS for legacy_io and legacy_mem, as we do for other config space accessors (Krzysztof Wilczyński) Peer-to-peer DMA: - Add Nvidia Vera Rubin to list of platforms that support P2PDMA (Leon Romanovsky) Endpoint framework: - Check doorbell SUCCESS bit in pci_endpoint_test to avoid treating some failures as successes (Niklas Cassel) - Fail doorbell test when the trigger IRQ is missed (Niklas Cassel) New native PCIe controller drivers: - Add DT binding and driver for NVIDIA Tegra264 (Thierry Reding) Native PCIe controllers: - Use common wait time definitions for PCIe link monitoring instead of defining driver-private duplicates (Thierry Reding) Generic host bridge driver: - Fix NULL pointer dereference that caused enumeration failures on 32-bit CAM systems (Steffen Persvold) Amlogic Meson PCIe controller driver: - Correct the PERST# GPIO state so it remains asserted until power and REFCLK become stable to fix enumeration failure (Ronald Claveau) ASPEED PCIe controller driver: - Switch to irq_domain_create_linear() so we can obsolete irq_domain_add_linear() (Jiri Slaby) Cadence PCIe controller driver: - Add MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE to generate module aliases for OF-based module autoloading (Pengpeng Hou) - Add debugfs 'ltssm_status' file for LGA- and HPA-based Cadence controllers (Hans Zhang) - Support up to x4 (not x2) lanes for J200 (Takuma Fujiwara) - Fix host/endpoint dependencies for cadence-plat driver to fix link error when cadence-plat is built-in but the host or endpoint driver is modular (Aksh Garg) Freescale i.MX6 PCIe controller driver: - Add imx6 intr/aer/pme interrupt lines for i.MX95 (Richard Zhu) - Remove PERST# checking from pci_host_common_parse_port() so callers can decide whether to fall back to legacy DT binding with PERST# in the host bridge (Sherry Sun) - Fix build issues when PCI_PWRCTRL_GENERIC or PCI_HOST_COMMON is a module (Arnd Bergmann) - Create pwrctrl devices only once by doing it from imx_pcie_probe() instead of imx_pcie_host_init(), which is used during both probe and resume (Sherry Sun) - Use 'dw_pcie_rp->skip_pwrctrl_off' to avoid powering off devices during suspend to preserve wakeup capability (Sherry Sun) - Add runtime PM support for i.MX95 to allow dynamic power management when the link is idle (Richard Zhu) Intel VMD host bridge driver: - Support device ID 0x28C1 and assume that BIOS has already enumerated the hierarchy below VMD and stored bus range info for OS to use (Nirmal Patel) - Add support for VMCONFIG BUS_RESTRICT_CFG=3, which makes it possible to enumerate downstream devices on Intel Arrow Lake-HX systems and probably others (Ali Alaei) - Pay attention to _OSC negotiation for VMD hierarchy only when running on bare metal, not when running in a VM (Nirmal Patel) - Add Nova Lake (NVL) and Dunlow (DNL) Device IDs (Szymon Durawa) MediaTek PCIe controller driver: - Add support for PCIe controller in EcoNet EN7528 and EN751221 SoCs (Caleb James DeLisle) MediaTek PCIe Gen3 controller driver: - Add mediatek-gen3 'memory-region' for restricted DMA buffer (Chen-Yu Tsai) NVIDIA Tegra264 PCIe controller driver: - Distinguish Tegra264 C0 PCIe controller for internal GPU from C1-C5 controllers so the unit address matches the first 'reg' entry (Thierry Reding) - Add Tegra264 Root Port stanzas to prepare for generic WAKE# handling (Thierry Reding) Qualcomm PCIe controller driver: - Add IPQ9650 compatible with global interrupt (Kathiravan Thirumoorthy) - Add IPQ5210 compatible with IPQ9574 fallback (Varadarajan Narayanan) - Add DT binding and driver support for Hawi SoC (Matthew Leung) - Skip PERST# GPIOs provided by downstream PCIe devices, which should be handled by drivers of those devices (Manivannan Sadhasivam) - Stop advertising Attention Button Present (no Qcom SoCs support Attention Buttons) so pciehp can use Presence Detect Changed events (Qiang Yu) Renesas R-Car PCIe controller driver: - Add rcar-gen4-pci-host optional 'msi-parent' for GIT ITS (Marek Vasut) - When MSI is enabled but iMSI-RX is not used, configure AXIINTC to allow GIT ITS to handle MSI (Marek Vasut) - Refactor GIC600 implementation to make it easier to add platforms that only support 32-bit addressing (Marek Vasut) - Add Renesas R-Car Gen4 S4/V4H/V4M to the list of GIC600 integrations that only support 32-bit addressing (Marek Vasut) Renesas RZ/G3S PCIe controller driver: - Add DT binding and driver support for RZ/V2H(P) SoC, which contains two PCIe controllers, configured either as a single x4 link or two independent x2 link controllers (Lad Prabhakar) SpacemiT K1 PCIe controller driver: - Add missing MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE() to generate module alias info for OF-based module autoloading (Pengpeng Hou) StarFive PCIe controller driver: - Fix resource leaks on error paths in host_init() (Ali Tariq) - Fix runtime PM handling and teardown ordering to avoid register access while power or clocks are disabled (Ali Tariq) - Check for runtime PM resume failure to avoid register access while power or clocks are disabled (Ali Tariq) Synopsys DesignWare PCIe controller driver: - Add LECARC PMU IDs to the DWC RAS/DES VSEC list so it can take advantage of the existing debugfs support for silicon debug, error injection, and event counters (Brett Zhou) - Factor pcie_valid_speed() and pci_bus_speed2lnkctl2() out of bwctrl so they can be shared by the DWC core (Hans Zhang) - Flush MSI writes from endpoint before unmapping the iATU, as we already do for MSI-X writes (Niklas Cassel) - Unmap MSI iATU window before mapping MSI-X window, to avoid a subsequent MSI write using a disabled aperture and losing the interrupt (Niklas Cassel) - Change endpoint .pre_init() and .init() callbacks to return errors and handle them (Marek Vasut) UltraRISC PCIe controller driver: - Add 'core', 'dbi', and 'aux' clocks to DT binding and manage them in the driver (Jia Wang) - Use module_platform_driver() since this may be built as a module, though not removable because IRQs can't be safely disposed (Jia Wang) MicroSemi Switchtec management driver: - Add Microchip PCI1008 device ID and include it in NTB DMA alias quirk (Logan Gunthorpe) Miscellaneous: - Document how to write PCI Host Controller drivers (Manivannan Sadhasivam) - Fix typos in documentation (D'Orus Tsitera) - Use %pe format specifier to print error pointers so we get symbolic errname when available (Krzysztof Wilczyński)" * tag 'pci-v7.3-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pci/pci: (124 commits) PCI: vmd: Add Nova Lake (NVL) and Dunlow (DNL) Device IDs PCI: tegra264: Add Tegra264 support dt-bindings: PCI: tegra264: Switch to PCIe Root Port bindings dt-bindings: PCI: tegra264: Strictly distinguish C0 from C1-C5 PCI/AER: Support Advisory Non-Fatal Errors PCI: Fix 32-bit config write in Intel PCH Root Port MPC ACS quirk PCI: dwc: Handle return value from endpoint .pre_init callback PCI: dwc: Handle return value from endpoint .init callback PCI: dwc: Add PCI ID for LECARC PCIe PMU PCI/ASPM: Mask ASPM states based on Devicetree properties PCI/ASPM: Disable/restore ASPM on every function for multi-function devices Documentation: PCI: Document how to write PCI Host Controller drivers PCI/ASPM: Use pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word() for ASPM disable/restore PCI: Add support for PCIe WAKE# interrupt PCI: Allow D3 for native hotplug-capable Root Ports on non-x86 platforms dt-bindings: PCI: Correct white-space style PCI/ASPM: Avoid L0s for Realtek RTS525A PCI: ultrarisc: Use module_platform_driver() PCI: ultrarisc: Get and enable DP1000 PCIe controller clocks dt-bindings: PCI: ultrarisc: Add required DP1000 PCIe clocks ...
9 daysMerge tag 'net-next-7.3' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski: "One of the 'small improvements all over the place' releases for us. It's hard to draw any direct comparisons because summer vacations disrupted our patch processing (and presumably - generation) quite a bit. Quick and dirty count suggests we (Paolo and I) merged a very similar number of net (632) and net-next (648) patches. This is not telling the full story either because 1/3 to 1/2 of the net-next patches also *seem* like AI-driven low priority fixes, cleanups and clarifications. We are completely overwhelmed, of course. The glimmer of hope is that we secured sufficient LLM budget and access (thank you Meta!) to run reviews with multiple frontier models on each patch. This eliminates some hallucinations. That said, in terms of review, the LLMs can only do so much. The sad truth is that our APIs (especially for rare events like PCIe errors, timeouts etc) have always been racy, and now LLMs don't let us ignore that. I expect our direction for the next release will be to tweak the reviews a little bit more, but start shifting focus to letting the LLMs take care of the busy work - managing patchwork, automating common process complaints, editing commit messages, and maybe applying patches which already got "reviewed-by" tags from people we trust... Core & protocols: - A few steps lowering rtnl_lock dependence: - per-netns netdev unregistration for select SW drivers (e.g. veth, ipvlan, tunnels) - rtnl_lock-less FIB rule changes (RTM_NEWRULE and RTM_DELRULE) - prepare software drivers and TC qdiscs for rtnl_lock-less GET - Support BIG TCP (>64kB TSO) in UDP tunnels (vxlan, geneve) - Support buffers larger than PAGE_SIZE in devmem zero-copy API - Improve MPTCP handling of extreme memory pressure handling, when out-of-order queue had to be pruned - Report the per-group user count via RTM_GETMULTICAST - Expose the route deletion reason in RTM_DELROUTE - Add a SO_RIGHTS_NOTRUNC option to UNIX sockets to enable more useful handling of LSM denials when receiving SCM_RIGHTS messages: instead of truncating the message at the first blocked fd, keep every fd slot and store the LSM errno in the blocked slot - IPv6 Segment Routing - support looking up the post-encap SID (address) in a different/specified routing table - Support PRP RedBox (interlink) creation - Support per-nexthop UDP dst port in VXLAN - Continue converting getsockopt callbacks in a number of protocols to iov_iter Ethernet: - Merge initial CXL support for AMD/Solarflare NICs (shared branch with the CXL tree) - New drivers: - ADIN1140 10BASE-T1S MACPHY - Initial skeleton of Intel iXD and ZTE Dinghai drivers - High-speed NICs: - AMD/Pensando: - support firmware flashing - Cisco (enic): - SR-IOV V2 admin channel and MBOX protocol - Huawei (hns3): - support for ethtool pfc_prevention_tout - nVidia/Mellanox: - support sharing bandwidth control across interfaces of the same device - Marvell (octeontx2-pf): - link RQ page pools to netdev for Netlink stats - Google vNIC: - XDP metadata support for DQ RDA - Microsoft vNIC: - support forcing full-page RX buffers - Other NICs: - Synopsys IP: - eic7700: support for eth1 - Microchip (lan743x): - support for RMII interface - Wangxun: - support for ethtool -G and -C for VFs - add Tx timeout and PCIe error handling - Intel (igb/igc): - RSS key get/set support - support for forcing link speed without auto-negotiation - Switches: - NXP (dpaa2): - support bonding/LAG offload - Mediatek: - mt7530: EN7528 support - initial support for MT7628 - Micrel (ksz8/9): - refactoring work to move towards library model - PTP support for KSZ8463 - nVidia/Mellanox: - support rtnl-lock-less ethtool callbacks - Realtek: - rtl8366rb: use generic RTL83xx code - support SGMII and HSGMII for RTL8367S - PHYs: - Airoha: - EcoNet EN7528 PHY support - DAPU Telecom - DAPU Telecom DAP8211R(I) Gigabit PHY support - Realtek: - support RTL8261C_CG - support RTL8261D Wireless: - nl80211: per-link statistics support for multi-link operation - mac80211: AQL/airtime-fairness support for multicast - Merge Peripheral Authentication Service (PAS) / TEE support for ath12k (shared branch with the firmware/qcom tree) - New drivers: - mm81x for Morse Micro Long-Range S1G devices - nxpwifi for NXP devices (mostly forked off from mwifiex) - Driver changes: - Broadcom (brcmfmac): - DPP support, some Cypress part update - MediaTek (mt76): - mt7928 support - mt7925 NAN support - mt7996 AP powersave improvements - Qualcomm (ath12k): - much kernel infrastructure integration work - AHB platform MultiPD support - Realtek (rt89): - LED support - RTL8922DE support - dual-BT coex for RTL8922D - Intel: - new FW version support Bluetooth: - HCI: add support for Shorter Connection Interval (SCI) feature - af_bluetooth: add minimal context analysis annotations - Driver changes: - Intel: - add Bluetooth SAR revision 2 support - add vendor_reset PCI sysfs for PLDR - Mediatek: - add USB IDs for MT7902 and MT7922 devices - Realtek: - add USB IDs for 8761CU and 8852BE devices - NXP: - add M.2 Bluetooth device support using pwrseq Misc: - DPLL support for manual/numerical oscillator control (NCO) (implement in zl3073x) - MCTP support for MCTP over USB v1.1 (DMTF DSP0283) - Power-over-Ethernet: support Realtek PSE controllers - Remove the IBM EHEA driver - Remove tulip/xircom_cb driver" * tag 'net-next-7.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1433 commits) net/mlx5e: do not HW-GRO coalesce small frames net: openvswitch: fix nf_connlabels leak in ovs_ct_init net: add missing ref_tracker_dir_exit() to alloc_netdev_mqs() net: openvswitch: fix flow mask use-after-free on flow deletion sctp: stop processing a packet once its association is deleted dpll: zl3073x: add PTP clock support dpll: zl3073x: add channel ToD, phase step and TIE operations dpll: zl3073x: scale poll interval proportionally to timeout ptp: vmclock: prevent read-only mappings from becoming writable ipv4: reject undersized MTUs in ip_do_fragment() bonding: initialize err for empty target lists net: dsa: initial support for MT7628 embedded switch net: dsa: initial MT7628 tagging driver net: phy: mediatek: add phy driver for MT7628 built-in Fast Ethernet PHYs dt-bindings: net: dsa: add MT7628 ESW net: pse-pd: realtek-pse-mcu: add UART transport net: pse-pd: realtek-pse-mcu: add I2C transport net: pse-pd: add Realtek PSE MCU core dt-bindings: net: pse-pd: add bindings for Realtek PSE MCU vsock: use sock_error() to consume sk_err after a failed connect ...
11 daysMerge tag 'alpha-for-v7.3-tag' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lindholm/alpha Pull alpha updates from Magnus Lindholm: "This contains two fixes for Alpha floating-point exception handling, two clang-related fixes, the preparatory changes from the generic-entry series, an interrupt-entry lockdep fix, two Marvel/EV7 IRQ fixes, an RTC fix, and one header cleanup. The generic-entry preparation adds regset-based ptrace and core dumps, ARCH_STACKWALK and lockdep hardirq-state tracking. These changes are useful independently and enable previously missing debugging facilities on Alpha. The final patch switching Alpha to GENERIC_ENTRY is intentionally not included in this pull request. I am deferring that change to allow further testing and to reduce the risk of conflicts with ongoing entry-path work elsewhere in the kernel" * tag 'alpha-for-v7.3-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lindholm/alpha: alpha: read $gp and $sp explicitly for clang alpha: pass -Wa,-mev6 only when using GNU as alpha: annotate hardirqs-off on IPL 7 interrupt entry alpha: run the remote RTC access in a worker, not an IPI callback alpha: don't leak hardware-fabricated FP exception bits to user space alpha: fix ieee_swcr_to_fpcr setting FPCR_DNOD unconditionally alpha: enable lockdep hardirq state tracking alpha: use raw spinlocks for low-level platform locks alpha: provide ftrace return address support for lockdep alpha: make irqflags helpers operate on IPL state alpha: add ARCH_STACKWALK-based stacktrace support alpha: enable regset-based ptrace and core dumps alpha: marvel: Fix lock ordering in init_io7_irqs() alpha: marvel: Fix irq_set_status_flags to use correct IRQ number alpha: remove unnecessary architecture-specific <asm/device.h>
11 daysMerge tag 'timers-cleanups-2026-08-17' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull treewide timer related cleanups from Thomas Gleixner: - Remove the leftover CLOCK_TICK_RATE which has been scheduled for removal more than a decade ago along with some now empty asm/timex.h files. - Consolidate delay timer calibration The construct of having a define in a header requires that architectures provided asm/timex.h for no reason. Also the function name for reading the delay timer is confusing at best. Use a config switch to enable that functionality and rename the function to delay_read_timer() to make the purpose clear. This removes some more now empty asm/timex.h files as well. * tag 'timers-cleanups-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: calibrate: Rework delay timer calibration treewide: Remove CLOCK_TICK_RATE x86: Use PIT_TICK_RATE instead of CLOCK_TICK_RATE
11 daysMerge tag 'core-entry-2026-08-17' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull generic entry code updates from Thomas Gleixner: - Make syscall user dispatching configurable Not all architectures can makes use of syscall user dispatching. Allow them to disable the feature completely. - Consolidate stack randomization for the generic entry code and the architectures using it. Stack randomization on syscall entry was sprinkled throughout the architecture specific low level entry code and in some cases at the wrong points, e.g. before establishing state, which violates the non-instrumentable constraints of that code. Clean this up by integrating stack randomization into the generic entry code helpers so that it is invoked at the earliest possible point right after establishing state and converting all generic entry code using architecture over. - Clean up the syscall number handling in the generic entry code. It works correctly for architectures which have a separate return value storage in pt_regs, but fails to distinguish the case where user space handed in -1 as syscall number from the case where the entry code rejects it by returning -1 to the callers. Aside of that the return value functionality of those interfaces is not really intuitive. Fix this by separating the decision to reject a syscall (user dispatch, ptrace, seccomp ...) from the potential modification of the syscall number through these mechanisms. This solves most of the problems for architectures which do not have a separate return value storage in pt_regs except for the case where a tracepoint has a BPF script or a probe attached which overwrite both the syscall number and the return value. But that's a problem which cannot be solved in the generic code, that only can be addressed by separating the storage model in the affected architectures. * tag 'core-entry-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (23 commits) entry, treewide: Make syscall_enter_from_user_mode[_work]() indicate syscall execution entry: Make return type of syscall_trace_enter() bool entry: Rework trace_syscall_enter() entry: Rework syscall_audit_enter() syscall_user_dispatch: Introduce ARCH_SUPPORTS_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH entry: Fix seccomp bypass after ptrace with TSYNC x86/entry: Simplify the syscall number logic x86/entry: Get rid of the sys_ni_syscall() indirection x86/entry: Make syscall functions static ptrace, treewide: Rename ptrace_report_syscall_entry() to ptrace_report_syscall_permit_entry() seccomp, treewide: Rename and convert __secure_computing() to return boolean entry: Use syscall number instead of rereading it entry: Remove syscall_enter_from_user_mode() x86/syscall: Use [syscall_]enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() s390/syscall: Use enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() riscv/syscall: Use syscall_enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() powerpc/syscall: Use syscall_enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() loongarch/syscall: Use syscall_enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() entry: Provide [syscall_]enter_from_user_mode_randomize_stack() randomize_kstack: Provide add_random_kstack_offset_irqsoff() ...
12 daysnet: af_unix: useful handling of LSM denials on SCM_RIGHTSJori Koolstra
Right now if some LSM such as Smack denies an AF_UNIX socket peer to receive an SCM_RIGHTS fd, the SCM_RIGHTS fd array will be cut short at that point, and MSG_CTRUNC is set on return of recvmsg(). This is highly problematic behaviour, because it leaves the receiver wondering what happened. As per man page MSG_CTRUNC is supposed to indicate that the control buffer was sized too short, but suddenly a permission error might result in the exact same flag being set. Moreover, the receiver has no chance to determine how many fds got originally sent and how many were suppressed.[1] Add a SO_RIGHTS_NOTRUNC option to UNIX sockets to enable more useful handling of LSM denials when receiving SCM_RIGHTS messages: instead of truncating the message at the first blocked fd, keep every fd slot and store the LSM errno in the blocked slot. The socket option is inherited by the child accept() socket if set on the listen() socket. [1]: https://github.com/uapi-group/kernel-features#useful-handling-of-lsm-denials-on-scm_rights Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jori Koolstra <jkoolstra@xs4all.nl> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260813162818.149248-4-jkoolstra@xs4all.nl Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
13 daysalpha: read $gp and $sp explicitly for clangMatt Turner
clang honors a local `register unsigned long x __asm__("$N")` variable only where it appears as an inline-asm operand; merely reading it does not produce the contents of that register. So trap_init() passed an undefined global pointer to PAL_wrkgp, and load_PCB() stored an undefined stack pointer into the PCB that swpctx then loaded. Either one wedges an early boot. Read the registers explicitly instead: an inline mov for $gp in trap_init(), and the file-scope current_stack_pointer for $sp in load_PCB(). A file-scope register-asm variable is the form clang does support. Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@orcam.me.uk> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260803-alpha-clang-v1-2-1c4ba5ba7a64@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-08-11alpha: pass -Wa,-mev6 only when using GNU asMatt Turner
That flag exists to stop gas emulating instructions the assembler thinks the target lacks. It is a gas-only option, and LLVM's integrated assembler does not emulate instructions in the first place, so nothing is needed there. Condition it on CONFIG_AS_IS_GNU rather than the compiler, so it is still passed for clang builds using GNU as (LLVM_IAS=0) and omitted only for the integrated assembler. Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260805185557.3283233-1-mattst88@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-08-11alpha: annotate hardirqs-off on IPL 7 interrupt entryMatt Turner
do_entInt() opens with local_irq_disable(), which with CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS only calls trace_hardirqs_off() if interrupts were not already off: #define local_irq_disable() \ do { \ bool was_disabled = raw_irqs_disabled();\ raw_local_irq_disable(); \ if (!was_disabled) \ trace_hardirqs_off(); \ } while (0) On alpha raw_irqs_disabled() is (rdps() & 7) == IPL_MAX, i.e. IPL 7. PALcode raises PS.IPL to the level of the interrupt before entInt runs, so for an IPL 7 entry - a processor machine check (vector 0x660) or a system event (vector 0x680), both IPL_MCHECK == IPL_MAX - the gate is already true and the annotation is skipped. lockdep keeps whatever hardirq state the interrupted context had. If that context had interrupts enabled, lockdep believes they are still enabled for the duration of the handler, and every lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled() in the interrupt path fires: WARNING: kernel/context_tracking.c:346 at ct_irq_enter+0xc4/0xd0, CPU#0: swapper/0/0 [...] [<fffffc0001ef74d4>] ct_irq_enter+0xc4/0xd0 [<fffffc000105ebd0>] irq_enter+0x20/0x50 [<fffffc000103707c>] do_entInt+0x1dc/0x2e0 [<fffffc0001031d60>] ret_from_exception+0x0/0x10 irq event stamp: 735356346 hardirqs last enabled at (735356346): trace_hardirqs_on+0x68/0x220 hardirqs last disabled at (735356345): do_idle+0xf0/0x270 The stamps show the problem directly: the most recent event is the enable from the interrupted idle loop, and do_entInt() recorded no disable at all. ct_irq_exit() warns the same way on the way out. Ordinary device interrupts arrive at IPL 3-5 and IPIs and performance counter interrupts at IPL 6, so was_disabled is false for them and the annotation happens normally. Only the two IPL 7 vectors are affected, which is why this needs an environmental event to show up. Take the hardware IPL out of the decision and drive the annotation from lockdep's own state instead. This corrects the annotation only. An IPL 7 event can also interrupt a region that has legitimately disabled interrupts, where irq_enter() and irq_exit() are not the right primitives and NMI semantics are needed; that is a larger change and is left alone here. Tested on an AlphaServer ES47 (Marvel/EV7) by injecting system events through the system management path: fifteen injections, idle and under load, with no splat. The same injection on a freshly booted kernel without this change reproduces both warnings. Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260810202835.3592833-2-mattst88@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-08-11alpha: run the remote RTC access in a worker, not an IPI callbackMatt Turner
On Marvel the CMOS clock is only reachable from the boot cpu, so remote_read_time() and remote_set_time() bounce the access there with smp_call_function_single(), whose callback runs in hard interrupt context. alpha_rtc_read_time() calls mc146818_get_time() with a 10 ms timeout. That waits out the RTC update cycle in mc146818_avoid_UIP(), which drops rtc_lock and udelay()s 100 us at a time until the update completes or the timeout expires: for (i = 0; UIP_RECHECK_LOOPS_MS(i) < timeout; i++) { spin_lock_irqsave(&rtc_lock, flags); ... if (CMOS_READ(RTC_FREQ_SELECT) & RTC_UIP) { spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtc_lock, flags); udelay(UIP_RECHECK_DELAY); continue; } So a clock read from a non-boot cpu can spin for up to 10 ms in hard interrupt context on the boot cpu, while the cpu that sent the request spins in smp_call_function_single() waiting for it to finish. mc146818_set_time() does not poll, but it takes rtc_lock too, and rtc_lock is a spinlock_t. Only raw spinlocks may be taken in hard interrupt context, so lockdep reports the write path as soon as a non-boot cpu sets the clock: [ BUG: Invalid wait context ] ----------------------------- swapper/0/0 is trying to lock: fffffc0003690470 (rtc_lock){....}-{3:3}, at: mc146818_set_time+0x74/0x450 other info that might help us debug this: context-{2:2} no locks held by swapper/0/0. stack backtrace: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 7.2.0-rc1 #1 NONE Trace: [<fffffc000102ebb0>] dump_stack+0x28/0x44 [<fffffc000110efcc>] __lock_acquire+0xb0c/0x1060 [<fffffc000110f5f0>] lock_acquire.part.0+0xd0/0x300 [...] [<fffffc0001b0d834>] mc146818_set_time+0x74/0x450 [<fffffc0001f090cc>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x7c/0xc0 [<fffffc0001042f90>] do_remote_set+0x90/0xc0 [<fffffc000119c1a4>] __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x314/0x5c0 [<fffffc000119c474>] generic_smp_call_function_single_interrupt+0x24/0x40 [<fffffc000103d984>] handle_ipi+0xa4/0x230 [<fffffc0001037044>] do_entInt+0x1a4/0x2e0 The rtc class ops are always called from process context, so there is no reason to run the access from an interrupt at all. Use work_on_cpu() to run it in a worker on the boot cpu. Alpha does not support cpu hotplug, so the boot cpu cannot go offline while the work is pending. Tested on an AlphaServer ES47 (Marvel/EV7): hwclock read and write pinned to a non-boot cpu, twenty times, with no splat. Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260810202835.3592833-1-mattst88@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-08-11alpha: don't leak hardware-fabricated FP exception bits to user spaceMatt Turner
On EV6 and later the hardware records exception status bits in the FPCR before delivering a software completion trap, and those bits can be wrong for the instruction that trapped. Converting a double that is exactly representable as a subnormal float sets FPCR_UNF even though the result is exact, and an underflow trap additionally sets FPCR_INE even when the emulated operation turns out to be exact. alpha_fp_emul() only wrote the FPCR when soft-fp raised an exception, so whenever it determined that the instruction was exact the fabricated bits stayed in the FPCR and were reported to user space by fetestexcept(). Pass the exception summary register down from do_entArith() so the handler can tell which exceptions the hardware attributed to the trapping instruction, and always write the FPCR. Clear the exceptions that the trap reported but that soft-fp did not raise. EXC_SUM reports only the underflow or overflow when the hardware also set INE, so treat INE as a candidate in that case, and treat a trap with no reported exception as a denormal operand trap, for which the hardware can fabricate INE and UNF as well. Bits that software has already confirmed in ieee_state belong to this or an earlier instruction and are never cleared. The imprecise path passes no summary. There the trap was taken somewhere in the trap shadow, so EXC_SUM is not attribution for the instruction being re-executed -- and only EV6, which traps precisely and so never takes that path, has fabricated bits to clear. For the same reason the clearing is guarded by implver(), matching swcr_update_status(). On an UP1500 (EV68) this takes the glibc math testsuite from 831 failures to 28, the remainder being unrelated to exception status. This belongs with the preceding fix to ieee_swcr_to_fpcr(), and should not be backported without it -- nor it without this. That fix stops FPCR_DNOD being set unconditionally, so denormal operand traps start firing again. Those traps very often find an exact result, which is precisely the case where the old code left the FPCR unwritten and the fabricated bits visible. Applied alone it would make spurious exception flags more common, not less. One case cannot be resolved here: an inexact instruction without the software completion suffix never traps, so its INE reaches the FPCR without being recorded anywhere else. Such a bit is indistinguishable from an INE the hardware fabricated for a trapping instruction, and is lost if an underflow or overflow trap with an exact result follows it. The FPCR is the only record of those instructions and it carries no attribution. The bug predates the git history, so there is no commit to reference in a Fixes tag. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 5.15+ Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260803-alpha-fp-exceptions-v1-2-c99d75608e60@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-08-11alpha: fix ieee_swcr_to_fpcr setting FPCR_DNOD unconditionallyMatt Turner
ieee_swcr_to_fpcr() converts the software IEEE trap-enable and status bits kept in thread_info.ieee_state into the hardware FPCR format. It contained: fp |= (~sw & IEEE_TRAP_ENABLE_DNO) << 41; FPCR_DNOD (bit 47) disables denormal operand traps: with it set the hardware handles a denormal operand itself, treating it as zero, instead of trapping for software completion. The intent was to set DNOD when the user has not asked for SIGFPE on denormal operands, but IEEE_TRAP_ENABLE_DNO is clear by default, so ieee_swcr_to_fpcr(0) always set DNOD. Instructions built with the software completion suffix therefore never trapped on a denormal operand. The hardware silently substituted zero and produced wrong results, affecting every program compiled with -mieee and default FPU settings, glibc included. Set FPCR_DNOD only when IEEE_MAP_DMZ is requested, which is exactly the case where flushing denormal inputs to zero is what the user asked for. DNOD then encodes MAP_DMZ, which ieee_fpcr_to_swcr() already recovers from FPCR_DNZ, so drop its attempt to recover IEEE_TRAP_ENABLE_DNO from DNOD; the DNO trap enable lives solely in ieee_state. Both functions are in a uapi header, so the encoding change is visible to userspace, but nothing outside the kernel is known to depend on DNOD carrying the DNO trap enable, and the kernel is the only writer of the FPCR. This must not be backported on its own. Re-enabling denormal operand traps exposes a second bug, fixed in the following patch: those traps usually find an exact result, and for an exact result the emulator did not write the FPCR back, leaving hardware-fabricated exception bits visible to user space. Taken alone this change would make spurious exception flags more common. The bug predates the git history, so there is no commit to reference in a Fixes tag. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 5.15+ Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260803-alpha-fp-exceptions-v1-1-c99d75608e60@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-08-04alpha/PCI: Make the suffix the first __pci_dev_resource_attr() parameterKrzysztof Wilczyński
Currently, the __pci_dev_resource_attr() helper macro takes the attribute name suffix as its third parameter, even though the suffix is what distinguishes the three attribute variants built on top of it. Additionally, the pci_dev_resource_attr() wrapper passes an empty suffix, and with the suffix placed in the middle of the parameter list its invocation contains two consecutive commas, which checkpatch.pl highlights, as follows: ERROR: space required after that ',' (ctx:VxO) Move the suffix to the front so that the variant selector comes first and the empty argument follows the opening parenthesis, which checkpatch.pl does not complain about. This also matches the parameter order used by the PCI legacy I/O and memory attribute macros introduced in a subsequent change. No functional changes intended. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721020427.1541197-3-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-07-27arch: hookup fchroot() system callChristian Brauner
Wire up the fchroot() system call as number 472 on (nearly) all architectures and sync the mirrored copies of the syscall tables and the asm-generic unistd.h under tools/. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260724-work-failfs-v2-5-485dabbae185@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-07-19alpha: enable lockdep hardirq state trackingMagnus Lindholm
Alpha masks interrupts through the PAL IPL state, so lockdep cannot infer hardirq state transitions from generic code alone. Add explicit hardirq on/off annotations to the low-level entry and return paths so lockdep's IRQ state follows the hardware IPL state. Annotate the PAL IPL transitions and the shared return-to-user/kernel paths where interrupts become enabled or disabled. With the preceding irqflags, raw-lock, sysfs, and ftrace return-address preparations in place, select LOCKDEP_SUPPORT and TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT for Alpha. This keeps CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING usable on Alpha instead of disabling debug_locks due to IRQ-state mismatches. Reviewed-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Tested-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260706170019.2941459-7-linmag7@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-19alpha: use raw spinlocks for low-level platform locksMagnus Lindholm
Some Alpha platform locks are used as low-level hardware serialization locks in interrupt-controller and chipset access paths. These paths can run while IRQ state is being changed or while lockdep is tracking that state, so regular spinlock instrumentation is not appropriate once lockdep is enabled. Convert the affected Tsunami and Rawhide platform locks to raw_spinlock_t. This keeps the locks as simple hardware serialization locks and avoids lockdep recursion or IRQ-state mismatches when CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING is enabled. This is a preparatory change for enabling lockdep hardirq state tracking on Alpha. Reviewed-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Tested-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260706170019.2941459-6-linmag7@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-19alpha: provide ftrace return address support for lockdepMagnus Lindholm
Lockdep uses ftrace_return_address() to report useful call sites for lock acquisition and IRQ-state tracking diagnostics. Provide the Alpha architecture hook using the compiler return-address builtin when frame pointers are available. Return zero when frame pointers are disabled, matching the existing fallback behavior of architectures that cannot provide a reliable return address. This is a preparatory change for enabling lockdep support on Alpha. Reviewed-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Tested-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260706170019.2941459-5-linmag7@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-19alpha: make irqflags helpers operate on IPL stateMagnus Lindholm
Alpha interrupt masking is controlled by the PAL IPL value, not by the full processor status word. Make arch_local_save_flags() return the current IPL directly, and make arch_local_irq_restore() and arch_irqs_disabled_flags() treat their argument as IPL state. Mask the low IPL bits in the restore and test helpers so callers which still pass a saved PS value continue to behave as expected. This prepares the irqflags helpers for lockdep IRQ-state tracking, where the saved flags value is used to determine whether hard IRQs are enabled or disabled. Reviewed-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Tested-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260706170019.2941459-4-linmag7@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-19alpha: add ARCH_STACKWALK-based stacktrace supportMagnus Lindholm
Implement arch_stack_walk() for Alpha using a simple kernel stack scanning walker. Start from regs+1 for current tasks to skip pt_regs and use pcb.ksp for blocked tasks. Filter candidates with __kernel_text_address() and stop at stack bounds via kstack_end(). Enable CONFIG_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT and CONFIG_ARCH_STACKWALK so generic stacktrace users (dump_stack(), /proc/*/stack, SysRq backtraces, etc.) work on Alpha. This provides functional in-kernel stack traces without requiring frame pointer unwinding. Reviewed-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Tested-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260706170019.2941459-3-linmag7@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-19alpha: enable regset-based ptrace and core dumpsMagnus Lindholm
Add a user_regset_view for Alpha and switch ELF core dumping to CORE_DUMP_USE_REGSET. General-purpose registers are exported in ELF gregs layout, including callee-saved registers and a correct user stack pointer. The user stack pointer is not preserved in pt_regs on Alpha, so expose it from the PCB, or via rdusp() for the current task, when building the ELF register image. This makes the user stack pointer consistent for core dumps, ptrace regsets, and PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO. Implement regset get/set callbacks for both NT_PRSTATUS and NT_PRFPREG. The callbacks translate between Alpha's pt_regs/thread state and the ELF-visible register layouts, while the common ptrace regset code handles PTRACE_GETREGSET and PTRACE_SETREGSET iovec semantics. This avoids duplicating subtle short-buffer and oversized-buffer behavior in arch_ptrace(). With these changes Alpha satisfies the requirements for HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK and selects it, enabling generic tracehook and ptrace syscall-info code paths without changing the existing syscall entry ABI. Reviewed-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Tested-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260706170019.2941459-2-linmag7@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-15treewide: Remove CLOCK_TICK_RATEThomas Gleixner
This has been scheduled for removal more than a decade ago and the comments related to it have been dutifully ignored. The last dependencies are gone. Remove it along with various now empty asm/timex.h files. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260410120317.910770161@kernel.org
2026-07-12ptrace, treewide: Rename ptrace_report_syscall_entry() to ↵Thomas Gleixner
ptrace_report_syscall_permit_entry() The return value of that function is boolean and tells the caller whether to permit the syscall processing or not. Rename the function so the purpose is clear and make the return type bool. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Radu Rendec <radu@rendec.net> Reviewed-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260707190254.280015701@kernel.org
2026-07-12seccomp, treewide: Rename and convert __secure_computing() to return booleanJinjie Ruan
The return value of __secure_computing() currently uses 0 to indicate that a system call should be allowed, and -1 to indicate that it should be blocked/killed. This 0/-1 pattern is non-intuitive for a security check function and makes the control flow at the call sites less readable. Furthermore, any potential future changes to these return values would require a high-risk, error-prone audit of all its users across different architectures. Sanitize this logic by converting the return type of __secure_computing() to a proper boolean, where 'true' explicitly means 'allow' and 'false' means 'fail/deny'. Update all the two dozen or so call sites across the tree to align with this new boolean semantic. No functional changes are intended, as the callers still return -1 to the lower-level assembly entry code upon seccomp denial. Rename the function to __seccomp_permit_syscall() so that the purpose is entirely clear. [ tglx: Rename the function ] Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Mukesh Kumar Chaurasiya (IBM) <mkchauras@gmail.com> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260707190254.230735780@kernel.org
2026-07-10alpha/PCI: Fix I/O port accessor argument order in pci_legacy_write()Krzysztof Wilczyński
pci_legacy_write() in arch/alpha/kernel/pci-sysfs.c passes its arguments to outb(), outw() and outl() in the wrong order: outb(port, val); The Alpha I/O accessors in arch/alpha/include/asm/io.h take the value first and the port second: extern void outb(u8 b, unsigned long port); So the port number is written as data to the I/O address taken from the user-supplied value, and the intended write to the requested port never happens. The arguments have been reversed since the file was added, and the function returns the access size regardless, so the caller sees success while the requested port is left untouched. Fixes: 10a0ef39fbd1 ("PCI/alpha: pci sysfs resources") Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260706175423.98305-1-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-07-06alpha: marvel: Fix lock ordering in init_io7_irqs()Matt Turner
Move irq_set_chip_and_handler() and irq_set_status_flags() calls outside the io7->irq_lock raw spinlock. These functions take sparse_irq_lock, which is a mutex, and taking a sleeping lock while holding a raw spinlock is invalid. The raw spinlock only needs to protect the hardware CSR accesses. This fixes the following lockdep splat during boot: [ BUG: Invalid wait context ] swapper/0/0 is trying to lock: sparse_irq_lock{....}-{4:4}, at: irq_mark_irq other info that might help us debug this: context-{5:5} 1 lock held by swapper/0/0: #0: &io7->irq_lock{....}-{2:2}, at: init_io7_irqs.constprop.0 Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-6 Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260528230516.1839694-2-mattst88@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-06alpha: marvel: Fix irq_set_status_flags to use correct IRQ numberMatt Turner
Pass base + i to irq_set_status_flags() to match the IRQ number used in irq_set_chip_and_handler(). Previously, IRQ_LEVEL was set on the wrong (low-numbered) IRQ descriptors rather than the IO7 IRQs at base + i. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 08876fe8519c ("alpha: marvel: Convert irq_chip functions") Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260528230516.1839694-1-mattst88@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-07-06alpha: remove unnecessary architecture-specific <asm/device.h>Ethan Nelson-Moore
arch/alpha/include/asm/device.h simply includes <asm-generic/device.h>, and therefore the Alpha-specific version is unnecessary. Remove it. Signed-off-by: Ethan Nelson-Moore <enelsonmoore@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260517233246.23915-1-enelsonmoore@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
2026-06-24Merge tag 'pci-v7.2-changes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pci/pci Pull pci updates from Bjorn Helgaas: "Enumeration: - Remove MPS/MRRS Kconfig settings (CONFIG_PCIE_BUS_*) that worked around a WiFi device defect; use a quirk or boot-time "pci=pcie_bus_tune_*" kernel parameter instead (Bjorn Helgaas) - Always lift 2.5GT/s restriction in PCIe failed link retraining to avoid clamping a link to 2.5GT/s after hot-plug changes the device (Maciej W. Rozycki) - Request bus reassignment when not probe-only to fix an enumeration regression on Marvell CN106XX and possibly other DT-based systems (Ratheesh Kannoth) - Fix procfs race between pci_proc_init() and pci_bus_add_device() that resulted in 'proc_dir_entry ... already registered' warnings and pointer corruption (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Fix sysfs race that causes 'duplicate filename' warnings and boot panics by converting PCI resource files to static attributes (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Expose sysfs 'resourceN_resize' attributes only on platforms with PCI mmap (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Require CAP_SYS_ADMIN to write to sysfs 'resourceN_resize' attributes (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Add security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_PCI_ACCESS) to alpha PCI resource mmap path to match the generic path (Krzysztof Wilczyński) - Use kstrtobool() to parse the 'rom' attribute input to avoid the unexpected behavior of enabling the ROM when writing '0' with no trailing newline (Krzysztof Wilczyński) Resource management: - Improve resource claim logging for debuggability (Ilpo Järvinen) - Clean up several uses of const parameters (Ilpo Järvinen) - Check option ROM header signatures and lengths before accessing to avoid page faults and alignment faults (Guixin Liu) ASPM: - Don't reconfigure ASPM when entering low-power D-state; only do it when returning back to D0 (Carlos Bilbao) Power management: - During suspend, set power state to 'unknown' for all devices, not just those with drivers (Lukas Wunner) - Skip restoring Resizable BARs and VF Resizable BARs if device doesn't respond to config reads, to avoid invalid array accesses (Marco Nenciarini) - Add pci_suspend_retains_context() so drivers can tell whether devices retain internal state across suspend/resume, since some platforms reset devices on suspend; use this in nvme to avoid issues on Qcom RCs (Manivannan Sadhasivam) Power control: - Only to power on/off devices that actually support power control to avoid poking at incompatible devices mentioned in DT (Manivannan Sadhasivam) Virtualization and resets: - Log device readiness timeouts as errors, not warnings, because the device is likely unusable in this case (Bjorn Helgaas) - Wait for device readiness after soft reset (D3hot -> D0uninitialized transition), when the device may respond with Request Retry Status (RRS) if it needs more time to initialize (Bjorn Helgaas) - Drop unnecessary retries when restoring BARs because resets should now already include all required delays (Lukas Wunner) - Avoid FLR for MediaTek MT7925 WiFi, where FLR fails after a VM terminates uncleanly (Jose Ignacio Tornos Martinez) - Avoid SBR for Qualcomm WCN6855/WCN7850 WiFi, SDX62/SDX65 modems, which seem not to support it correctly (Jose Ignacio Tornos Martinez) Peer-to-peer DMA: - Prevent P2PDMA as well as CPU access to non-mappable BARs, e.g., s390 ISM BARs (Matt Evans) - Add Intel QAT, DSA, IAA devices to whitelist (Lukas Wunner) Endpoint framework: - Add endpoint controller APIs for use by function drivers to discover auxiliary blocks like DMA engines (Koichiro Den) - Remember DesignWare eDMA engine base/size and expose them via the EPC aux-resource API (Koichiro Den) - Add endpoint embedded doorbell fallback, used if MSI allocation fails (Koichiro Den) - Validate BAR index and remove dead BAR read in endpoint doorbell test (Carlos Bilbao) - Unwind MSI/MSI-X vectors if NTB initialization fails part-way through (Koichiro Den) - Cache sleepable pci_irq_vector() value at ISR setup to avoid calling it from hardirq context (Koichiro Den) - Call sleepable pci_epc_raise_irq() from a work item instead of atomic context, e.g., when setting bits in NTB peer doorbells in the ntb_peer_db_set() path (Koichiro Den) - Report 0-based vNTB doorbell vector to account for link event 0 and historically skipped slot 1 (Koichiro Den) - Prevent configfs writes to vNTB db_count and other values that are already in use after EPC attach (Koichiro Den) - Account for vNTB db_valid reserved slots (link event 0 and historically skipped slot 1) so they don't appear as valid doorbells (Koichiro Den) - Implement vNTB .db_vector_count()/mask() for doorbells so clients can use multiple vectors and avoid thundering herds (Koichiro Den) - Report 0-based NTB doorbell vector to account for link event 0 and historically skipped slot 1 (Koichiro Den) - Fix doorbell bitmask and IRQ vector handling to clear only specified bits, use the correct vector for non-contiguous Linux IRQ numbers, and validate incoming vectors (Koichiro Den) - Implement NTB .db_vector_count()/mask() for doorbells so clients can use multiple vectors (Koichiro Den) Native PCIe controller infrastructure: - Add pci_host_common_link_train_delay() for the mandatory delay after > 5GT/s Link training completes and use it for cadence HPA, j721e, LGA; dwc; aardvark, mediatek-gen3, rzg3s (Hans Zhang) - Protect root bus removal with rescan lock in altera, brcmstb, cadence, dwc, iproc, mediatek, plda, rockchip to prevent use-after-free or crashes when racing with sysfs rescan or hotplug (Hans Zhang) - Add pci_host_common_parse_ports() for use by any native driver to parse Root Port properties (per-Link features like width, speed, PHY, power and reset control, etc should be described in Root Port stanzas, not the host bridge; currently only reset GPIOs implemented) (Sherry Sun) New native PCIe controller drivers: - Add DT binding and driver for UltraRISC DP1000 PCIe controller (Xincheng Zhang, Jia Wang) Altera PCIe controller driver: - Do not dispose of the parent IRQ mapping, which belongs to the parent interrupt controller (Mahesh Vaidya) - Fix chained IRQ handler ordering issue and resource leaks on probe failure (Mahesh Vaidya) AMD MDB PCIe controller driver: - Assert PERST# on shutdown so any connected Endpoints are held in reset during shutdown (Sai Krishna Musham) Amlogic Meson PCIe controller driver: - Propagate devm_add_action_or_reset() failure to fix probe error path (Shuvam Pandey) - Add .remove() callback to deinitialize the host bridge and power off the PHY (Shuvam Pandey) Broadcom iProc PCIe controller driver: - Restore .map_irq() assignment; its removal broke INTx on the iproc platform bus driver (Mark Tomlinson) Broadcom STB PCIe controller driver: - No change, but products using certain WiFi devices may be affected by removal of CONFIG_PCIE_BUS_* (see above) Freescale i.MX6 PCIe controller driver: - Move IMX6SX_GPR12_PCIE_TEST_POWERDOWN handling into the core reset functions (Richard Zhu) - Assert PERST# before enabling regulators to ensure that even if power is enabled, endpoint stays inactive until REFCLK is stable (Sherry Sun) - Parse reset properties in Root Port nodes (falling back to host bridge) to help support Key E connectors and the pwrctrl framework (Sherry Sun) - Configure i.MX95 REF_USE_PAD before PHY reset (Richard Zhu) - Assert i.MX95 ref_clk_en after reference clock stabilizes (Richard Zhu) - Integrate new pwrctrl API for DTs with Root Port-level power supplies (Sherry Sun) Intel Gateway PCIe controller driver: - Enable clock before PHY init for correct ordering (Florian Eckert) - Add .start_link() callback so the driver works again (Florian Eckert) - Stop overwriting the ATU base address discovered by dw_pcie_get_resources() (Florian Eckert) - Add DT 'atu' region since this is hardware-specific, and fall back to driver default if lacking (Florian Eckert) Loongson PCIe controller driver: - Ignore downstream devices only on internal bridges to avoid Loongson hardware issue (Rong Zhang) - Quirk old Loongson-3C6000 bridges that advertise incorrect supported link speeds (Ziyao Li) Marvell MVEBU PCIe controller driver: - Use fixed-width interrupt masks to avoid truncation in 64-bit builds (Rosen Penev) MediaTek PCIe controller driver: - Use FIELD_PREP() to fix incorrect operator precedence in PCIE_FTS_NUM_L0 (Li RongQing) - Fix IRQ domain leak when port fails to enable (Manivannan Sadhasivam) - Use actual physical address for MSI message address instead of virt_to_phys() (Manivannan Sadhasivam) - Add EcoNet EN7528 to DT binding (Caleb James DeLisle) MediaTek PCIe Gen3 controller driver: - Deassert PCIE_PHY_RSTB so REFCLK is stable for at least 100ms (PCIE_T_PVPERL_MS) before deasserting PERST# (Jian Yang) - Add .shutdown() to assert PERST# before powering down device (Jian Yang) - Do full device power down on removal, including asserting PERST#, when removing driver (Chen-Yu Tsai) - Fix a 'failed to create pwrctrl devices' error message that was inadvertently skipped (Chen-Yu Tsai) NVIDIA Tegra194 PCIe controller driver: - Program the DesignWare PORT_AFR L1 entrance latency based on the 'aspm-l1-entry-delay-ns' DT property (Manikanta Maddireddy) Qualcomm PCIe controller driver: - Add Eliza SoC compatible in DT binding (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Set max OPP during resume so DBI register accesses don't fail with NoC errors (Qiang Yu) - Add pci_host_common_d3cold_possible() to determine whether downstream devices are already in D3hot and wakeup-enabled devices are capable of generating PME from D3cold (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Add .get_ltssm() callback to get the LTSSM status without DBI, since DBI may be inaccessible after PME_Turn_Off (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Power down PHY via PARF_PHY_CTRL before disabling rails/clocks to avoid power leakage (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Decide whether suspend should put the link in L2 and power down using pci_host_common_d3cold_possible() instead of checking whether ASPM L1 is enabled (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Add qcom D3cold support to tear down interconnect bandwidth and OPP votes (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Handle unsupported mixed PERST#/PHY DT configurations, e.g., PHY in RP node while PERST# is in the RC node, but warn about the DT issue (Qiang Yu) - Program T_POWER_ON based on DT 't-power-on-us' property in case hardware advertises incorrect values (Krishna Chaitanya Chundru) - Disable ASPM L0s for SA8775P (Shawn Guo) - Initialize DWC MSI lock for firmware-managed ECAM hosts, which don't use the dw_pcie_host_init() path that initializes the lock (Yadu M G) Renesas RZ/G3S PCIe controller driver: - Add RZ/V2N DT support (Lad Prabhakar) SOPHGO PCIe controller driver: - Add 'dma-coherent' DT property for sg2042-pcie driver (Han Gao) Synopsys DesignWare PCIe controller driver: - Apply ECRC TLP Digest workaround for all DesignWare cores prior to 5.10a, not just 4.90a and 5.00a (Manikanta Maddireddy) - Use common struct dw_pcie 'mode' rather than duplicating it in artpec6, dra7xx, dwc-pcie, and keembay driver structs (Hans Zhang) - Use DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE for ltssm_status debugfs to reduce boilerplate and fix a seq_file memory leak by including a .release() callback (Hans Zhang) - Fix a signedness bug in fault injection test code (Dan Carpenter) - Avoid NULL pointer dereference when tearing down debugfs for controller that lacks RAS DES capability (Shuvam Pandey) MicroSemi Switchtec management driver: - Add Gen6 Device IDs (Ben Reed) Miscellaneous: - Remove unused gpio.h include from amd-mdb, designware-plat, fu740, visconti drivers (Andy Shevchenko) - Fix typos in documentation (josh ziegler) - Use FIELD_MODIFY() instead of open-coding it (Hans Zhang)" * tag 'pci-v7.2-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pci/pci: (168 commits) PCI/sysfs: Use kstrtobool() to parse the ROM attribute input PCI/sysfs: Limit BAR resize attribute scope to platforms with PCI mmap PCI/sysfs: Remove pci_create_legacy_files() and pci_sysfs_init() PCI/sysfs: Convert legacy I/O and memory attributes to static definitions PCI/sysfs: Add __weak pci_legacy_has_sparse() helper alpha/PCI: Compute legacy size in pci_mmap_legacy_page_range() PCI: Add macros for legacy I/O and memory address space sizes PCI/sysfs: Remove pci_{create,remove}_sysfs_dev_files() alpha/PCI: Convert resource files to static attributes alpha/PCI: Add static PCI resource attribute macros alpha/PCI: Remove WARN from __pci_mmap_fits() and __legacy_mmap_fits() alpha/PCI: Fix __pci_mmap_fits() overflow for zero-length BARs alpha/PCI: Use PCI resource accessor macros alpha/PCI: Use BAR index in sysfs attr->private instead of resource pointer alpha/PCI: Add security_locked_down() check to pci_mmap_resource() PCI/sysfs: Limit pci_sysfs_init() late_initcall compile scope PCI/sysfs: Add stubs for pci_{create,remove}_sysfs_dev_files() PCI/sysfs: Warn about BAR resize failure in __resource_resize_store() PCI/sysfs: Convert PCI resource files to static attributes PCI/proc: Fix race between pci_proc_init() and pci_bus_add_device() ...
2026-06-23PCI/sysfs: Convert legacy I/O and memory attributes to static definitionsKrzysztof Wilczyński
Currently, legacy_io and legacy_mem are dynamically allocated and created by pci_create_legacy_files(), with pci_adjust_legacy_attr() updating the attributes at runtime on Alpha to rename them and shift the size for sparse addressing. Convert to four static const attributes (legacy_io, legacy_io_sparse, legacy_mem, legacy_mem_sparse) with .is_bin_visible() callbacks that use pci_legacy_has_sparse() to select the appropriate variant per bus. The sizes are compile-time constants and .size is set directly on each attribute. Register the groups in pcibus_groups[] under a HAVE_PCI_LEGACY guard so the driver model handles creation and removal automatically. Stub out pci_create_legacy_files() and pci_remove_legacy_files() as the dynamic creation is no longer needed. Remove the __weak pci_adjust_legacy_attr(), Alpha's override, and its declaration from both Alpha and PowerPC asm/pci.h headers. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-23-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23PCI/sysfs: Add __weak pci_legacy_has_sparse() helperKrzysztof Wilczyński
Currently, Alpha's sparse/dense legacy attribute handling is done via pci_adjust_legacy_attr(), which updates dynamically allocated attributes at runtime. The upcoming conversion to static attributes needs a way to determine sparse support at visibility check time. Add a __weak pci_legacy_has_sparse() that returns false by default. Alpha overrides it to check has_sparse() on the bus host controller. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-22-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Compute legacy size in pci_mmap_legacy_page_range()Krzysztof Wilczyński
Currently, pci_mmap_legacy_page_range() reads the legacy resource size from bus->legacy_mem->size or bus->legacy_io->size. This couples the mmap bounds check to the struct pci_bus fields that will be removed when legacy attributes are converted to static definitions. Compute the size directly using PCI_LEGACY_MEM_SIZE (0x100000) and PCI_LEGACY_IO_SIZE (0xffff) macros, and shift by 5 bits for sparse systems. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-21-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Convert resource files to static attributesKrzysztof Wilczyński
Previously, Alpha's PCI resource files (resourceN, resourceN_sparse, resourceN_dense) were dynamically created by pci_create_resource_files(), which overrides the generic __weak implementation. The previous code allocated bin_attributes at runtime and managed them via the res_attr[] and res_attr_wc[] fields in struct pci_dev. Convert to static const attributes with three attribute groups (plain, sparse, dense), each with an .is_bin_visible() callback that checks resource length, has_sparse(), and sparse_mem_mmap_fits(). A .bin_size() callback provides the resource size to the kernfs node, with the sparse variant shifting by 5 bits for byte-level addressing. Register the groups via ARCH_PCI_DEV_GROUPS so the driver model handles creation and removal automatically. Use the new pci_resource_is_mem() helper for the type check, replacing the open-coded bitwise flag test. Finally, remove pci_create_resource_files(), pci_remove_resource_files(), pci_create_attr(), and pci_create_one_attr() which are no longer needed. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-18-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Add static PCI resource attribute macrosKrzysztof Wilczyński
Add macros for declaring static binary attributes for Alpha's PCI resource files: - pci_dev_resource_attr(), for dense/BWX systems (mmap dense) - pci_dev_resource_sparse_attr(), for sparse systems (mmap sparse) - pci_dev_resource_dense_attr(), for dense companion files (mmap dense) Each macro creates a const bin_attribute with the BAR index stored in the .private property and the appropriate .mmap() callback. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-17-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Remove WARN from __pci_mmap_fits() and __legacy_mmap_fits()Krzysztof Wilczyński
Remove the WARN() that fires when userspace attempts to mmap beyond the BAR bounds. The check still returns 0 to reject the mapping, but the warning is excessive for normal operation. A similar warning was removed from the PCI core in the commit 3b519e4ea618 ("PCI: fix size checks for mmap() on /proc/bus/pci files"). Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> [bhelgaas: squash https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260508045824.GA3160093@rocinante] Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-16-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Fix __pci_mmap_fits() overflow for zero-length BARsKrzysztof Wilczyński
Currently, __pci_mmap_fits() computes the BAR size using "pci_resource_len() - 1", which wraps to a large value when the BAR length is zero, causing the bounds check to incorrectly succeed. Add an early return for empty resources. Fixes: 10a0ef39fbd1 ("PCI/alpha: pci sysfs resources") Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-15-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Use PCI resource accessor macrosKrzysztof Wilczyński
Replace direct pdev->resource[] accesses with pci_resource_n(), and open-coded res->flags type checks with pci_resource_is_mem() and pci_resource_start() helpers. While at it, move the pci_resource_n() call directly into pcibios_resource_to_bus() and drop the local struct resource pointer. No functional changes intended. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-14-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Use BAR index in sysfs attr->private instead of resource pointerKrzysztof Wilczyński
Currently, Alpha's pci_create_one_attr() stores a resource pointer in attr->private, and pci_mmap_resource() loops through all BARs to find the matching index. Store the BAR index directly in attr->private and retrieve the resource via pci_resource_n(). This eliminates the loop and aligns with the convention used by the generic PCI sysfs code. The PCI core change was first added in the commit dca40b186b75 ("PCI: Use BAR index in sysfs attr->private instead of resource pointer"). Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-13-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-23alpha/PCI: Add security_locked_down() check to pci_mmap_resource()Krzysztof Wilczyński
Currently, Alpha's pci_mmap_resource() does not check security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_PCI_ACCESS) before allowing userspace to mmap PCI BARs. The generic version has had this check since commit eb627e17727e ("PCI: Lock down BAR access when the kernel is locked down") to prevent DMA attacks when the kernel is locked down. Add the same check to Alpha's pci_mmap_resource(). Fixes: eb627e17727e ("PCI: Lock down BAR access when the kernel is locked down") Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Wilczyński <kwilczynski@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Tested-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Tested-by: Shivaprasad G Bhat <sbhat@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508043543.217179-12-kwilczynski@kernel.org
2026-06-18alpha: Remove arch-specific strncpy() implementationKees Cook
strncpy() has no remaining callers in the kernel[1]. Remove the alpha-specific assembly implementation and __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCPY define, falling back to the generic version in lib/string.c. The __stxncpy helper (stxncpy.S/ev6-stxncpy.S) is retained as it is still used by strncat. Link: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90 [1] Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
2026-06-16Merge tag 'fbdev-for-7.2-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/linux-fbdev Pull fbdev updates from Helge Deller: "Beside the removal of the Hercules monochrome ISA graphics driver and the corresponding text console driver, there is just the typical maintanance with smaller driver fixes and cleanups: Removal of drivers: - Hercules monochrome ISA graphics adapter driver (Ethan Nelson-Moore) - Hercules mdacon console driver (Ethan Nelson-Moore) Changes affecting many drivers at once: - possible memory leak fixes in various drivers (Abdun Nihaal) - many conversions to use strscpy() (David Laight) - Use named initializers in drivers (Uwe Kleine-König) Code fixes: - fbcon: don't suspend/resume when vc is graphics mode (Lu Yao) - modedb: fix a possible UAF in fb_find_mode() (Tuo Li) - modedb: Fix entry for 1920x1080-60 mode (Steffen Persvold) - arm: Export acorndata_8x8 font symbol for bootloader (Helge Deller) - omap2: fix use-after-free in omapfb_mmap (Hongling Zeng) Cleanups: - pxa168fb: use devm_ioremap_resource() (Alberto Arostegui) - provice helpers for fb_set_var() and fb_blank() and fbcon updates (Thomas Zimmermann) - fbcon: Use correct type for vc_resize() return value (Jiacheng Yu) - chipsfb: add missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro (Rahman Mahmutović) - sunxvr2500: replace printk with device-aware logging functions (Rahman Mahmutović) - sm712: Fix operator precedence in big_swap macro (Li RongQing) - imxfb: Use of_device_get_match_data() (Rosen Penev) - atmel_lcdfb: Use of_device_get_match_data() (Rosen Penev) Documentation fixes: - grvga: Fix CLUT register address offset in comment (Eduardo Silva) - omap/dss: Fix stale modedb.c path (Costa Shulyupin) - correct CONFIG_FB_TILEBLITTING macro name in #endif comment (Ethan Nelson-Moore)" * tag 'fbdev-for-7.2-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/linux-fbdev: (43 commits) fbdev: modedb: Fix misaligned fields in the 1920x1080-60 mode fbdev: modedb: fix a possible UAF in fb_find_mode() fbdev: s3fb: Use strscpy() to copy strings into arrays fbdev: sm501fb: Fix buffer errors in OF binding code fbcon: correct CONFIG_FB_TILEBLITTING macro name in #endif comment fbdev/arm: Export acorndata_8x8 font symbol for bootloader fbdev: mmpfb: Use strscpy() to copy device name fbdev: sisfb: Replace strlen() strcpy() pair with strscpy() fbdev: rivafb: Use strscpy() to copy device name fbdev: cyber2000fb: Use strscpy() to copy device name fbdev: atmel_lcdfb: Use strscpy() to copy device name fbdev: Do not export fbcon from fbdev fbdev: Wrap fbcon updates from vga-switcheroo in helper fbdev: Wrap user-invoked calls to fb_blank() in helper fbdev: Wrap user-invoked calls to fb_set_var() in helper fbdev: omap2: fix use-after-free in omapfb_mmap docs: omap/dss: Fix stale modedb.c path fbdev: pxa168fb: use devm_ioremap_resource() for MMIO fbdev: grvga: Fix CLUT register address offset in comment fbdev: sunxvr2500: replace printk with device-aware logging functions ...
2026-06-15Merge tag 'irq-core-2026-06-13' of ↵Linus Torvalds
gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull interrupt core updates from Thomas Gleixner: - Rework of /proc/interrupt handling: /proc/interrupts was subject to micro optimizations for a long time, but most of the low hanging fruit was left on the table. This rework addresses the major time consuming issues: - Printing a long series of zeros one by one via a format string instead of counting subsequent zeros and emitting a string constant. - Simplify and cache the conditions whether interrupts should be printed - Use a proper iteration over the interrupt descriptor xarray instead of walking and testing one by one. - Provide helper functions for the architecture code to emit the architecture specific counters - Convert the counter structure in x86 to an array, which simplifies the output and add mechanisms to suppress unused architecture interrupts, which just occupy space for nothing. Adopt the new core mechanisms. This adjusts the gdb scripts related to interrupt counter statistics to work with the new mechanisms. - Prevent a string overflow in the /proc/irq/$N/ directory name creation code. * tag 'irq-core-2026-06-13' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/irq: Add missing 's' back to thermal event printout genirq/proc: Speed up /proc/interrupts iteration genirq/proc: Runtime size the chip name genirq: Expose irq_find_desc_at_or_after() in core code genirq: Add rcuref count to struct irq_desc genirq/proc: Increase default interrupt number precision to four genirq: Calculate precision only when required genirq: Cache the condition for /proc/interrupts exposure genirq/manage: Make NMI cleanup RT safe genirq: Expose nr_irqs in core code scripts/gdb: Update x86 interrupts to the array based storage x86/irq: Move IOAPIC misrouted and PIC/APIC error counts into irq_stats x86/irq: Suppress unlikely interrupt stats by default x86/irq: Make irqstats array based genirq/proc: Utilize irq_desc::tot_count to avoid evaluation genirq/proc: Avoid formatting zero counts in /proc/interrupts x86/irq: Optimize interrupts decimals printing genirq/proc: Size interrupt directory names for 10-digit interrupt numbers
2026-06-15Merge tag 'vfs-7.2-rc1.misc' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull misc vfs updates from Christian Brauner: "Features: - Reduce pipe->mutex contention by pre-allocating pages outside the lock in anon_pipe_write(). anon_pipe_write() called alloc_page() once per page while holding pipe->mutex. The allocation can sleep doing direct reclaim and runs memcg charging, which extends the critical section and stalls any concurrent reader on the same mutex. Now up to 8 pages are pre-allocated before the mutex is taken, leftovers are recycled into the per-pipe tmp_page[] cache before unlock, and any remainder is released after unlock, keeping the allocator out of the critical section on both sides. On a writers x readers sweep with 64KB writes against a 1 MB pipe throughput improves 6-28% and average write latency drops 5-22%; under memory pressure - when the cost of holding the mutex across reclaim is highest - throughput improves 21-48% and latency drops 17-33%. The microbenchmark is added to selftests. - uaccess/sockptr: fix the ignored_trailing logic in copy_struct_to_user() to behave as documented and the usize check in copy_struct_from_sockptr() for user pointers, and add copy_struct_{from,to}_bounce_buffer() and copy_struct_to_sockptr() helpers for upcoming users (IPPROTO_SMBDIRECT, IPPROTO_QUIC). - bpf: add a sleepable bpf_real_inode() kfunc that resolves the real inode backing a dentry via d_real_inode(). On overlayfs the inode attached to the dentry doesn't carry the underlying device information; this is used by the filesystem restriction BPF program that was merged into systemd. - docs: add guidelines for submitting new filesystems, motivated by the maintenance burden abandoned and untestable filesystems impose on VFS developers, blocking infrastructure work like folio conversions and iomap migration. Fixes: - libfs: set SB_I_NOEXEC and SB_I_NODEV by default in init_pseudo() and drop the now-redundant assignments in callers. This began as a one-line dma-buf fix for a path_noexec() warning; a pseudo filesystem has no reason not to set SB_I_NOEXEC. All init_pseudo() callers were audited: the only visible effect is on dma-buf where SB_I_NOEXEC silences the warning. - Handle set_blocksize() failures in legacy filesystems (bfs, hpfs, qnx4, jfs, befs, affs, isofs, minix, ntfs3, omfs). Mounting a device with a sector size > PAGE_SIZE crashed roughly half of them; the rest had the same missing error handling pattern. Plus a follow-up releasing the superblock buffer_head when setting the minix v3 block size fails. - mount: honour SB_NOUSER in the new mount API. - fs/fcntl: fix a SOFTIRQ-unsafe lock order in fasync signaling by switching the process-group paths of send_sigio() and send_sigurg() from read_lock(&tasklist_lock) to RCU, matching the single-PID path. - vfs: add an FS_USERNS_DELEGATABLE flag and set it for NFS, fixing delegated NFS mounts (fsopen() in a container with the mount performed by a privileged daemon) that broke when non-init s_user_ns was tied to FS_USERNS_MOUNT. - selftests/namespaces: fix a hang in nsid_test where an unreaped grandchild kept the TAP pipe write-end open, a waitpid(-1) race in listns_efault_test, and a false FAIL on kernels without listns() where the tests should SKIP. - filelock: fix the break_lease() stub signature for CONFIG_FILE_LOCKING=n. - init/initramfs_test: wait for the async initramfs unpacking before running; the test and do_populate_rootfs() share the parser state. - fs/coredump: reduce redundant log noise in validate_coredump_safety(). - iomap: pass the correct length to fserror_report_io() in __iomap_write_begin(). - backing-file: fix the backing_file_open() kerneldoc. Cleanups: - initramfs: refactor the cpio hex header parsing to use hex2bin() instead of the hand-rolled simple_strntoul() which is reverted, and extend the initramfs KUnit tests to cover header fields with 0x prefixes. - Replace __get_free_pages() and friends with kmalloc()/kzalloc() across quota, proc, ocfs2/dlm, nilfs2, nfs, nfsd, libfs, jfs, jbd2, isofs, fuse, select, namespace, configfs, binfmt_misc, bfs, and the do_mounts init code - part of the larger work of replacing page allocator calls with kmalloc(). - Use clear_and_wake_up_bit() in unlock_buffer() and journal_end_buffer_io_sync() instead of open-coding the sequence. - Drop unused VFS exports: unexport drop_super_exclusive(), remove start_removing_user_path_at(), and fold __start_removing_path() into start_removing_path(). - fs/read_write: narrow the __kernel_write() export with EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_MODULES(). - vfs: uapi: retire octal and hex constants in favor of (1 << n) for the O_ flags. Finding a free bit for a new flag across the architectures was needlessly hard with the mixed bases. - dcache: add extra sanity checks of dead dentries in dentry_free() via a new DENTRY_WARN_ONCE() that also prints d_flags. - iov_iter: use kmemdup_array() in dup_iter() to harden the allocation against multiplication overflow. - fs/pipe: write to ->poll_usage only once. - vfs: remove an always-taken if-branch in find_next_fd(). - dcache: use kmalloc_flex() for struct external_name in __d_alloc(). - namei: use QSTR() instead of QSTR_INIT() in path_pts(). - sync_file_range: delete dead S_ISLNK code. - Comment fixes: retire a stale comment in fget_task_next() and fix assorted spelling mistakes" * tag 'vfs-7.2-rc1.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (73 commits) backing-file: fix backing_file_open() kerneldoc parameter iomap: pass the correct len to fserror_report_io in __iomap_write_begin vfs: add FS_USERNS_DELEGATABLE flag and set it for NFS filelock: fix break_lease() stub signature for CONFIG_FILE_LOCKING=n vfs: uapi: retire octal and hex numbers in favor of (1 << n) for O_ flags bpf: add bpf_real_inode() kfunc fs/read_write: Do not export __kernel_write() to the entire world libfs: drop redundant SB_I_NOEXEC/SB_I_NODEV in init_pseudo() callers libfs: set SB_I_NOEXEC and SB_I_NODEV by default in init_pseudo() mount: honour SB_NOUSER in the new mount API fs/fcntl: fix SOFTIRQ-unsafe lock order in fasync signaling selftests/pipe: add pipe_bench microbenchmark fs/pipe: pre-allocate pages outside pipe->mutex in anon_pipe_write fs: retire stale comment in fget_task_next() fs: fix spelling mistakes in comment bfs: replace get_zeroed_page() with kzalloc() binfmt_misc: replace __get_free_page() with kmalloc() configfs: replace __get_free_pages() with kzalloc() fs/namespace: use __getname() to allocate mntpath buffer fs/select: replace __get_free_page() with kmalloc() ...
2026-06-15Merge tag 'vfs-7.2-rc1.openat2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull openat2 updates from Christian Brauner: "Features: - Add O_EMPTYPATH to openat(2)/openat2(2). To get an operable file descriptor from an O_PATH file descriptor it is possible to use openat(fd, ".", O_DIRECTORY) for directories, but other file types require going through open("/proc/<pid>/fd/<nr>") and thus depend on a functioning procfs. With O_EMPTYPATH an empty path string is accepted and LOOKUP_EMPTY is set at path resolution time, allowing to reopen the file behind the file descriptor directly. Selftests are included. - Add an OPENAT2_REGULAR flag for openat2(2) which refuses to open anything but regular files with the new EFTYPE error code. This implements the "ability to only open regular files" feature requested by userspace via uapi-group.org and protects services from being redirected to fifos, device nodes, and friends. All atomic_open implementations were audited for OPENAT2_REGULAR handling. Explicit checks were added to ceph, gfs2, nfs (v4), and cifs/smb - these are the filesystems whose atomic_open can encounter an existing non-regular file and would otherwise call finish_open() on it or return a misleading error code. The remaining implementations (9p, fuse, vboxsf, nfs v2/v3) only call finish_open() on freshly created files and use finish_no_open() for lookup hits, letting the VFS catch non-regular files via the do_open() safety net. Cleanups: - Migrate the openat2 selftests to the kselftest harness and move them under selftests/filesystems/. The tests were written in the early days of selftests' TAP support and the modern kselftest harness is much easier to follow and maintain. The contents of the tests are unchanged and the new emptypath tests are ported on top. - Make the LAST_XXX last-type constants private to fs/namei.c. The only user outside of fs/namei.c was ksmbd which only needs to know whether the last component is a regular one, so vfs_path_parent_lookup() now performs the LAST_NORM check internally. The ints are replaced with a dedicated enum last_type" * tag 'vfs-7.2-rc1.openat2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: vfs: replace ints with enum last_type for LAST_XXX vfs: make LAST_XXX private to fs/namei.c selftests: openat2: port emptypath_test to kselftest harness kselftest/openat2: test for OPENAT2_REGULAR flag openat2: new OPENAT2_REGULAR flag support openat2: introduce EFTYPE error code selftest: add tests for O_EMPTYPATH vfs: add O_EMPTYPATH to openat(2)/openat2(2) selftests: openat2: migrate to kselftest harness selftests: openat2: switch from custom ARRAY_LEN to ARRAY_SIZE selftests: openat2: move helpers to header selftests: move openat2 tests to selftests/filesystems/
2026-06-06vfs: uapi: retire octal and hex numbers in favor of (1 << n) for O_ flagsJori Koolstra
A recent build failure[1] exposed the diffculty of working with the current octal and hex definitions of O_ flags when trying to find a gap for a new flag. This difficulty is compounded by the fact that O_ flags may have architectural specific values. Replace the hex/octal #defines, which are hard to parse when looking for free bits, with explicit bit shifts like (1 << 11). Also, add comments that identify which architectures redefine some of the seemingly free ("cursed") bits in uapi/asm-generic/fcntl.h. These should not be used to define new O_ flags (for now, at least). The translastion was done with Claude Opus 4.8, and verified with a (non-AI) gawk script. The accounting of which architectures claim which bit-gaps in uapi/asm-generic/fcntl.h is also done by hand. [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/agruPPybCx8q2XcJ@sirena.org.uk/ Assisted-by: Claude:Opus 4.8 Signed-off-by: Jori Koolstra <jkoolstra@xs4all.nl> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260604222405.5382-1-jkoolstra@xs4all.nl Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-05-26genirq/proc: Increase default interrupt number precision to fourThomas Gleixner
Quite some architectures have four character wide acronyms for architecture specific interrupts like IPI, NMI, etc. The default precision of printing the Linux device interrupt numbers is three, which causes quite some code to play games with adding or omitting space after the acronym and the colon in order to keep the per CPU numbers properly aligned. Increase the default number precision to four in the core code and get rid of the space games all over the place. At the same time align all architecture specific descriptor texts left so that they show up in the same column as the interrupt chip names, which makes the output more uniform accross architectures. Fix up the GDB script to this new scheme as well. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260517194931.839482411@kernel.org
2026-05-21ring-buffer: Flush and stop persistent ring buffer on panicMasami Hiramatsu (Google)
On real hardware, panic and machine reboot may not flush hardware cache to memory. This means the persistent ring buffer, which relies on a coherent state of memory, may not have its events written to the buffer and they may be lost. Moreover, there may be inconsistency with the counters which are used for validation of the integrity of the persistent ring buffer which may cause all data to be discarded. To avoid this issue, stop recording of the ring buffer on panic and flush the cache of the ring buffer's memory. Fixes: e645535a954a ("tracing: Add option to use memmapped memory for trace boot instance") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/177751969602.2136606.12031934362587643488.stgit@mhiramat.tok.corp.google.com Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org> Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2026-05-21openat2: introduce EFTYPE error codeDorjoy Chowdhury
Introduce a new error code EFTYPE for wrong file type operations. EFTYPE is already used in BSD systems like FreeBSD and macOS. This will be used by the upcoming OPENAT2_REGULAR flag support to return a specific error when a path doesn't refer to a regular file. Signed-off-by: Dorjoy Chowdhury <dorjoychy111@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260328172314.45807-2-dorjoychy111@gmail.com Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Aleksa Sarai <aleksa@amutable.com> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-05-20console: mdacon: remove this obsolete driverEthan Nelson-Moore
The mdacon driver supports using ISA MDA or Hercules-compatible display adapters as a secondary text console. This was commonly used in the 1990s and earlier for debugging software which took over the primary display. It is highly unlikely anyone is doing so nowadays because serial consoles and much better methods of debugging exist. The driver is not enabled by any defconfig, nor any of the dozens of distro configs collected at [1]. It has been relegated to VTs 13-16 since commit 0b9cf3aa6b1e ("mdacon messing up default vc's - set default to vc13-16 again") in Linux 2.6.27 (and before Linux 2.5.53 - see the link in the message of the above commit). The change in 2.6.27 was done because it was incorrectly detecting non-MDA adapters as MDA and taking over all VTs, rendering them unusable. Furthermore, vgacon supports using MDA/Hercules-compatible adapters as the primary text console, so any systems with only one of these adapters were already using vgacon and will not experience any loss in functionality from the removal of this driver. Given all of these factors, the mdacon driver is likely entirely unused. Remove it. [1] https://github.com/nyrahul/linux-kernel-configs/tree/f0bee86a135a0406ea427855f52702dd00d770f9 Signed-off-by: Ethan Nelson-Moore <enelsonmoore@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
2026-04-24Merge tag 'net-deletions' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next Pull networking deletions from Jakub Kicinski: "Delete some obsolete networking code Old code like amateur radio and NFC have long been a burden to core networking developers. syzbot loves to find bugs in BKL-era code, and noobs try to fix them. If we want to have a fighting chance of surviving the LLM-pocalypse this code needs to find a dedicated owner or get deleted. We've talked about these deletions multiple times in the past and every time someone wanted the code to stay. It is never very clear to me how many of those people actually use the code vs are just nostalgic to see it go. Amateur radio did have occasional users (or so I think) but most users switched to user space implementations since its all super slow stuff. Nobody stepped up to maintain the kernel code. We were lucky enough to find someone who wants to help with NFC so we're giving that a chance. Let's try to put the rest of this code behind us" * tag 'net-deletions' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: drivers: net: 8390: wd80x3: Remove this driver drivers: net: 8390: ultra: Remove this driver drivers: net: 8390: AX88190: Remove this driver drivers: net: fujitsu: fmvj18x: Remove this driver drivers: net: smsc: smc91c92: Remove this driver drivers: net: smsc: smc9194: Remove this driver drivers: net: amd: nmclan: Remove this driver drivers: net: amd: lance: Remove this driver drivers: net: 3com: 3c589: Remove this driver drivers: net: 3com: 3c574: Remove this driver drivers: net: 3com: 3c515: Remove this driver drivers: net: 3com: 3c509: Remove this driver net: packetengines: remove obsolete yellowfin driver and vendor dir net: packetengines: remove obsolete hamachi driver net: remove unused ATM protocols and legacy ATM device drivers net: remove ax25 and amateur radio (hamradio) subsystem net: remove ISDN subsystem and Bluetooth CMTP caif: remove CAIF NETWORK LAYER
2026-04-23net: packetengines: remove obsolete yellowfin driver and vendor dirMingyu Wang
Similar to the hamachi driver, the yellowfin driver supports hardware that is over two decades old and no longer in active use. Since yellowfin was the last remaining driver in the packetengines vendor directory, we can now safely remove the entire directory and drop its associated references from the parent Kconfig and Makefile. This eliminates dead code and reduces the overall maintenance burden on the netdev subsystem. Signed-off-by: Mingyu Wang <25181214217@stu.xidian.edu.cn> Reviewed-by: Andrew Lunn <andrew@lunn.ch> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260422044820.485660-3-25181214217@stu.xidian.edu.cn Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>