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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ukleinek/linux
Pull mod_devicetable.h header split from Uwe Kleine-König:
"Split <linux/mod_devicetable.h> in per subsystem headers
<linux/mod_devicetable.h> is included transitively in nearly every
driver in an x86_64 allmodconfig build of v7.1:
$ find drivers -name \*.o -not -name \*.mod.o | wc -l
21330
$ find drivers -name \*.o.cmd -not -name \*.mod.o.cmd | xargs grep -l mod_devicetable.h | wc -l
17038
The result of this mixture of different and unrelated subsystem
details is that even when touching an obscure device id struct most of
the kernel needs to be recompiled. Given that each driver typically
only needs one or two of these structures, splitting into per
subsystem headers and only including what is really needed reduces the
amount of needed recompilation.
This split is implemented in the first commit and then after some
preparatory work in the following commits, the last two replace
includes of <linux/mod_devicetable.h> by the actually needed more
specific headers.
There are still a few instances left, but the ones with high impact
(that is in headers that are used a lot) and the easy ones (.c files)
are handled. These remaining includes will be addressed during the
next merge window"
* tag 'device-id-rework' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ukleinek/linux:
Replace <linux/mod_devicetable.h> by more specific <linux/device-id/*.h> (c files)
Replace <linux/mod_devicetable.h> by more specific <linux/device-id/*.h> (headers)
parisc: #include <linux/compiler.h> for unlikely() in <asm/ptrace.h>
media: em28xx: Add include for struct usb_device_id
LoongArch: KVM: Add include defining struct cpu_feature
ALSA: hda/core: Add include defining struct hda_device_id
usb: dwc2: Add include defining struct pci_device_id
platform/x86: int3472: Add include defining struct dmi_system_id
platform/x86: x86-android-tablets: Add include defining struct dmi_system_id
i2c: Let i2c-core.h include <linux/i2c.h>
of: Explicitly include <linux/types.h> and <linux/err.h>
platform/x86: msi-ec: Ensure dmi_system_id is defined
usb: serial: Include <linux/usb.h> in <linux/usb/serial.h>
driver core: platform: Include header for struct platform_device_id
driver: core: Include headers for acpi_device_id and of_device_id for struct device_driver
media: ti: vpe: #include <linux/platform_device.h> explicitly
mod_devicetable.h: Split into per subsystem headers
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(headers)
<linux/mod_devicetable.h> is included in a many files:
$ git grep '<linux/mod_devicetable.h>' ef0c9f75a195 | wc -l
1598
; some of them are widely used headers. To stop mixing up different and
unrelated driver( type)s let the subsystem headers only use the subset
of the recently split <linux/mod_devicetable.h> that are relevant for
them.
The fallout (I hope) is addressed in the previous commits that handle
sources relying on e.g. <linux/i2c.h> pulling in the full legacy header
and thus providing pci_device_id.
Acked-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Takashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/199fe46b624ba07fb9bd3e0cd6ff13757932cb5f.1782808461.git.u.kleine-koenig@baylibre.com
Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König (The Capable Hub) <u.kleine-koenig@baylibre.com>
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Enable hardening against JIT spraying when Spectre-v2 mitigations are in
use. Specifically, issue an IBPB flush on BPF JIT memory reuse. Skip
enabling the IBPB flush if the BPF dispatcher is already using a retpoline
sequence.
This hardening applies only when BPF-JIT is in use. Guard the enabling
under CONFIG_BPF_JIT so that bugs.c still builds with CONFIG_BPF_JIT=n.
Signed-off-by: Pawan Gupta <pawan.kumar.gupta@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
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Pull kvm fixes from Paolo Bonzini:
"s390:
- Fix S390_USER_OPEREXEC so it can now be enabled regardless of other
unrelated capabilities
- Fix handling of the _PAGE_UNUSED pte bit that could lead to guest
memory corruption in some scenarios
- A bunch of misc gmap fixes (locking, behaviour under memory
pressure)
- Fix CMMA dirty tracking
x86:
- Tidy up some WARN_ON() and BUG_ON(), replacing them with
WARN_ON_ONCE() or KVM_BUG_ON(). All of these have obviously never
triggered, or somebody would have been annoyed earlier, but still...
- Fix missing interrupt due to stale CR8 intercept
- Add a statistic that can come in handy to debug leaks as well as
the vulnerability to a class of recently-discovered issues
- Do not ask arch/x86/kernel to export
default_cpu_present_to_apicid() just for KVM"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (22 commits)
x86/apic: KVM: Use cpu_physical_id() to get APIC ID of running vCPU for AVIC
KVM: x86/mmu: Expose number of shadow MMU shadow pages as a stat
KVM: x86: Unconditionally recompute CR8 intercept on PPR update
KVM: VMX: Grab vmcs12 on CR8 interception update iff vCPU is in guest mode
KVM: x86: WARN (once) if RTC pending EOI tracking goes off the rails
KVM: x86: WARN and fail kvm_set_irq() if a PIC or I/O APIC vector is invalid
KVM: x86: Bug the VM, not the kernel, if the ISR count {under,over}flows
KVM: x86/mmu: Bug the VM, not the host kernel, if KVM write-protects upper SPTEs
KVM: x86: Replace BUG_ON() with WARN_ON_ONCE() on "bad" nested GPA translation
KVM: Replace guest-triggerable BUG_ON() in ioeventfd datamatch with get_unaligned()
KVM: s390: Return failure in case of failure in kvm_s390_set_cmma_bits()
KVM: s390: selftests: Fix cmma selftest
KVM: s390: Fix cmma dirty tracking
KVM: s390: Fix locking in kvm_s390_set_mem_control()
KVM: s390: Fix handle_{sske,pfmf} under memory pressure
KVM: s390: Fix code typo in gmap_protect_asce_top_level()
KVM: s390: Do not set special large pages dirty
KVM: s390: Fix dat_peek_cmma() overflow
s390/mm: Fix handling of _PAGE_UNUSED pte bit
KVM: s390: Fix typo in UCONTROL documentation
...
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Use cpu_physical_id() instead of default_cpu_present_to_apicid() when
getting the APIC ID of the pCPU on which a vCPU is running/loaded, as the
kernel has gone way off the rails if a vCPU is loaded on a pCPU that has
been physically removed from the system. Even if the impossible were to
happen, the absolutely worst case scenario is that hardware will ring the
AIVC doorbell on the wrong pCPU, i.e. a severely broken system will
experience mild performance issues.
Kill off KVM's superfluous kvm_cpu_get_apicid() wrapper along with the
for-KVM export of default_cpu_present_to_apicid(), as they existed purely
for the wonky AVIC usage.
Cc: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Acked-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Message-ID: <20260612185459.591892-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Turn arch.n_used_mmu_pages into a stat, mmu_shadow_pages, as the number of
live shadow pages is arguably _the_ most critical datapoint when it comes
to analyzing the shadow MMU. Before the TDP MMU came along, i.e. when the
shadow MMU was the only MMU, explicitly tracking the number of shadow pages
wasn't as interesting, because the same information could more or less be
gleaned from the pages_{1g,2m,4k} stats. But with the TDP MMU, where the
shadow MMU is only used for nested TDP, it becomes extremely difficult, if
not impossible, to determine which SPTEs are coming from the TDP MMU, and
which are coming from the shadow MMU.
E.g. when triaging/debugging shadow MMU performance issues due to "too many
shadow pages", being able to observe that 99%+ of all shadow pages are
unsync is critical to being able to deduce that KVM is effectively leaking
shadow pages.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-ID: <20260612133727.411902-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hyperv/linux
Pull hyperv updates from Wei Liu:
- Use wakeup mailbox to boot APs in Hyper-V VTL2 TDX guests (Yunhong
Jiang, Ricardo Neri)
- Move the Hyper-V IOMMU to its own subdirectory (Mukesh Rathor)
- Cosmetic changes to mshv and balloon driver (Junrui Luo, Markus
Elfring)
* tag 'hyperv-next-signed-20260621' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hyperv/linux:
mshv: add bounds check on vp_index in mshv_intercept_isr()
hv_balloon: Simplify data output in hv_balloon_debug_show()
x86/hyperv: Cosmetic changes in irqdomain.c for readability
iommu/hyperv: Create hyperv subdirectory under drivers/iommu
x86/hyperv/vtl: Use the wakeup mailbox to boot secondary CPUs
x86/hyperv/vtl: Mark the wakeup mailbox page as private
x86/acpi: Add a helper to get the address of the wakeup mailbox
x86/hyperv/vtl: Setup the 64-bit trampoline for TDX guests
x86/realmode: Make the location of the trampoline configurable
x86/hyperv/vtl: Set real_mode_header in hv_vtl_init_platform()
x86/dt: Parse the Wakeup Mailbox for Intel processors
dt-bindings: reserved-memory: Wakeup Mailbox for Intel processors
x86/acpi: Add functions to setup and access the wakeup mailbox
x86/topology: Add missing struct declaration and attribute dependency
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux
Pull strncpy removal from Kees Cook:
- Remove the per-arch strncpy implementations in alpha, m68k, powerpc,
x86, and xtensa
- Remove strncpy API
Over the last 6 years working on strncpy removal there were 362
commits by 70 contributors. Folks with more than 1 commit were:
211 Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com>
22 Xu Panda <xu.panda@zte.com.cn>
21 Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
17 Thorsten Blum <thorsten.blum@linux.dev>
12 Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
4 Pranav Tyagi <pranav.tyagi03@gmail.com>
4 Lee Jones <lee@kernel.org>
2 Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
2 Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2 Marcelo Moreira <marcelomoreira1905@gmail.com>
2 Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk@kernel.org>
2 Kalle Valo <kvalo@kernel.org>
2 Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
2 Daniel Thompson <danielt@kernel.org>
2 Andrew Lunn <andrew@lunn.ch>
* tag 'strncpy-removal-v7.2-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
string: Remove strncpy() from the kernel
xtensa: Remove arch-specific strncpy() implementation
x86: Remove arch-specific strncpy() implementation
powerpc: Remove arch-specific strncpy() implementation
m68k: Remove arch-specific strncpy() implementation
alpha: Remove arch-specific strncpy() implementation
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Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"arm64:
This is a bit of an odd merge window on the KVM/arm64 front. There
is absolutely no new feature in the pull request. It is purely
fixes, because it is simply becoming too hard to review new stuff
when so many AI-fuelled fixes hit the list.
- Significant cleanup of the vgic-v5 PPI support which was merged in
7.1. This makes the code more maintainable, and squashes a couple
of bugs in the meantime
- Set of fixes for the handling of the MMU in an NV context,
particularly VNCR-triggered faults. S1POE support is fixed as well
- Large set of pKVM fixes, mostly addressing recurring issues around
hypervisor tracking of donated pages in obscure cases where the
donation could fail and leave things in a bizarre state
- Fixes for the so-called "lazy vgic init", which resulted in
sleeping operations in non-preemptible sections. This turned out to
be far more invasive than initially expected..
- Reduce the overhead of L1/L2 context switch by not touching the FP
registers
- Fix the way non-implemented page sizes are dealt with when a guest
insist on using them for S2 translation
- The usual set of low-impact fixes and cleanups all over the map
Loongarch:
- On a request for lazy FPU load, load all FPU state that the VM
supports instead of enabling only the part (FPU, LSX or LASX) that
caused the FPU load request
- Some enhancements about interrupt injection
- Some bug fixes and other small changes
RISC-V:
- Batch G-stage TLB flushes for GPA range based page table updates
- Convert HGEI line management to fully per-HART
- Fix missing CSR dirty marking when FWFT state updated via ONE_REG
- Fix stale FWFT feature exposure to Guest/VM
- Speed up dirty logging write faults using MMU rwlock and atomic PTE
updates using cmpxchg() for permission-only changes
- Use flexible array for APLIC IRQ state
- Use kvm_slot_dirty_track_enabled() for logging enable check on a
memslot
- Avoid skipping valid pages in kvm_riscv_gstage_wp_range()
- Avoid skipping valid pages in kvm_riscv_gstage_unmap_range()
- Use endian-specific __lelong for NACL shared memory
S390:
- KVM_PRE_FAULT_MEMORY support
- Support for 2G hugepages
- Support for the ASTFLEIE 2 facility
- Support for fast inject using kvm_arch_set_irq_inatomic
- Fix potential leak of uninitialized bytes
- A few more misc gmap fixes
x86:
- Generic support for the more granular permissions allowed by EPT,
namely "read" (which was previously usurping the U bit) and
separate execution bits for kernel and userspace
- Do not assume that all page tables start with U=1/W=1/NX=0 at the
root, as AMD GMET needs to have U=0 at the root
- Introduce common assembly macros for use within Intel and AMD
vendor-specific vmentry code. This touches the SPEC_CTRL handling,
which is now entirely done in assembly for Intel (by reusing the
AMD code that already existed), and register save/restore which
uses some macro magic to compute the offsets in the struct. Both of
these are preparatory changes for upcoming APX support
- Clean up KVM's register tracking and storage, primarily to prepare
for APX support, which expands the maximum number of GPRs from 16
to 32
- Keep a single copy of the PDPTRs rather than two, since
architecturally there is just one
- Handle EXIT_FASTPATH_EXIT_USERSPACE in vendor code to ensure vendor
code gets a chance to handle things like reaping the PML buffer
- Update KVM's view of PV async enabling if and only if the MSR write
fully succeeds
- Fix a variety of issues where the emulator doesn't honor
guest-debug state, and clean up related code along the way
- Synthesize EPT Violation and #NPF "error code" bits when injecting
faults into L1 that didn't originate in hardware (in which case the
VMCS/VMCB doesn't hold relevant information)
- Add support for virtualizing (well, emulating) AMD's flavor of
CPL>0 CPUID faulting
- Clean up the GPR APIs so that KVM's use of "raw" is consistent, and
fix a variety of minor bugs along the way
- Fix an OOB memory access due to not checking the VP ID when
handling a Hyper-V PV TLB flush for L2
- Fix a bug in the mediated PMU's handling of fixed counters that
allowed the guest to bypass the PMU event filter
- Allow userspace to return EAGAIN when handling SNP and TDX
hypercalls, so the KVM can forward a "retry" status code to the
guest, and reserve all unused error codes for future usage
- Overhaul the TDP MMU => S-EPT code to move as much S-EPT specific
logic as possible into the TDX code, and to funnel (almost) all
S-EPT updates into a single chokepoint. The motivation is largely
to prepare for upcoming Dynamic PAMT support, but the cleanups are
nice to have on their own
- Plug a hole in shadow page table handling, where KVM fails to
recursively zap nested EPT/NPT shadow page tables when the nested
hypervisor tears down its own EPT/NPT page tables from the bottom
up
x86 (Intel):
- Support for nested MBEC (Mode-Based Execute Control), see above in
the generic section; also run with MBEC enabled even for non-nested
mode
- Use the kernel's "enum pg_level" in the TDX APIs instead of the
TDX-Module's level definitions (which are 0-based)
- Rework the TDX memory APIs to not require/assume that guest memory
is backed by "struct page" (in prepartion for guest_memfd hugepage
support)
- Fix a largely benign bug where KVM TDX would incorrectly state it
could emulate several x2APIC MSRs
- Use the "safe" WRMSR API when proxying LBR MSR writes as the
to-be-written value is guest controlled and completely unvalidated
x86 (AMD):
- Support for nested GMET (Guest Mode Execution Trap), see above in
the generic section; also run with GMET enabled even for non-nested
mode
- Fixes and minor cleanups to GHCB handling, on top of the earlier
work already merged into 7.1-rc
- Ensure KVM's copy of CR0 and CR3 are up-to-date prior to invoking
fastpath handlers
- Add support for virtualizing gPAT (KVM previously just used L1's
PAT when running L2)
- Fix goofs where KVM mishandles side effects (e.g. single-step and
PMC updates) when emulating VMRUN
- Fix a variety of bugs in AVIC's handling of x2APIC MSR
interception, most notably where KVM didn't disable interception of
IRR, ISR, and TMR regs
- Add support for virtualizing Host-Only/Guest-Only bits in the
mediated PMU
- Don't advertise support for unusable VM types, and account for VM
types that are disabled by firmware, e.g. to mitigate security
vulnerabilities
- Rewrite the SEV {en,de}crypt debug ioctls as they were riddle with
bugs and unnecessarily complicated, and add comprehensive tests
- Clean up and deduplicate the SEV page pinning code
- Fix minor goofs related to writing back CPUID information after
firmware rejects a CPUID page for an SNP vCPU
Generic:
- Rename invalidate_begin() to invalidate_start() throughout KVM to
follow the kernel's nomenclature, e.g. for mmu_notifiers
- Use guard() to cleanup up various KVM+VFIO flows
- Minor cleanups
guest_memfd:
- Return -EEXIST instead of -EINVAL if userspace attempts to bind a
gmem range to multiple memslots, and fix the test that was supposed
to ensure KVM returns -EEXIST
- Treat memslot binding offsets and sizes as unsigned values to fix a
bug where KVM interprets a large "offset + size" as a negative
value and allows a nonsensical offset
- Use the inode number instead of the page offset for the NUMA
interleaving index to fix a bug where the effective index would
jump by two for consecutive pages (the caller also adds in the page
offset)
Selftests:
- Randomize the dirty log test's delay when reaping the bitmap on the
first pass, as always waiting only 1ms hid a KVM RISC-V bug as the
test reaped the bitmap before KVM could build up enough state to
hit the bug
- A pile of one-off fixes and cleanups"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (326 commits)
KVM: x86/mmu: Ensure hugepage is in by slot before checking max mapping level
KVM: x86: Fix shadow paging use-after-free due to unexpected role
KVM: s390: Introducing kvm_arch_set_irq_inatomic fast inject
KVM: s390: Enable adapter_indicators_set to use mapped pages
KVM: s390: Add map/unmap ioctl and clean mappings post-guest
riscv: kvm: Use endian-specific __lelong for NACL shared memory
KVM: selftests: access_tracking_perf_test: bump number of NUMA nodes to 32
KVM: s390: vsie: Implement ASTFLEIE facility 2
KVM: s390: vsie: Refactor handle_stfle
s390/sclp: Detect ASTFLEIE 2 facility
KVM: s390: Minor refactor of base/ext facility lists
KVM: x86/mmu: move pdptrs out of the MMU
KVM: x86: check that kvm_handle_invpcid is only invoked with shadow paging
KVM: nSVM: invalidate cached PDPTRs across nested NPT transitions
KVM: nVMX: remove unnecessary code in prepare_vmcs02_rare
KVM: x86: remove nested_mmu from mmu_is_nested()
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Make ABI commit helpers return void
KVM: s390: Initialize KVM_S390_GET_CMMA_BITS memory
LoongArch: KVM: Add missing slots_lock for device register/unregister
LoongArch: KVM: Validate irqchip index in irqfd routing
...
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strncpy() has no remaining callers in the kernel[1]. Remove the
x86-32-specific inline assembly implementation and __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCPY
define, falling back to the generic version in lib/string.c.
Link: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90 [1]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
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Pull bitmap updates from Yury Norov:
"This includes the new FIELD_GET_SIGNED() helper,
bitmap_print_to_pagebuf() removal, RISCV/bitrev support, and a couple
cleanups.
- new handy helper FIELD_GET_SIGNED() (Yury)
- arch test_and_set_bit_lock() and clear_bit_unlock() cleanup (Randy)
- __bf_shf() simplification (Yury)
- bitmap_print_to_pagebuf() removal (Yury)
- RISCV/bitrev conditional support (Jindie, Yury)"
* tag 'bitmap-for-7.2' of https://github.com/norov/linux:
MAINTAINERS: BITOPS: include bitrev.[ch]
arch/riscv: Add bitrev.h file to support rev8 and brev8
bitops: Define generic___bitrev8/16/32 for reuse
lib/bitrev: Introduce GENERIC_BITREVERSE
arch: select HAVE_ARCH_BITREVERSE conditionally on BITREVERSE
bitmap: fix find helper documentation
bitmap: drop bitmap_print_to_pagebuf()
cpumask: switch cpumap_print_to_pagebuf() to using scnprintf()
bitfield: wire __bf_shf to __builtin_ctzll
bitops: use common function parameter names
ptp: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
rtc: rv3032: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
wifi: rtw89: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: mcp9600: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: pressure: bmp280: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: magnetometer: yas530: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: intel_dc_ti_adc: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
x86/extable: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
bitfield: add FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next
Pull bpf updates from Alexei Starovoitov:
"Major changes:
- Recover from BPF arena page faults using a scratch page and add
ptep_try_set() for lockless empty-slot installs on x86 and arm64.
This allows BPF kfuncs to access arena pointers directly.
The 'arena_direct_access' stable branch was created for this work
and was pulled into sched-ext and bpf-next trees (Tejun Heo, Kumar
Kartikeya Dwivedi)
- Lift old restriction and support 6+ arguments in BPF programs and
kfuncs on x86 and arm64 (Yonghong Song, Puranjay Mohan)
Other features and fixes:
- Add 24-bit BTF vlen and reclaim unused bits in the BTF UAPI to ease
addition of new BTF kinds (Alan Maguire)
- Raise the maximum BPF call chain depth from 8 to 16 frames (Alexei
Starovoitov)
- Refactor object relationship tracking in the verifier and fix a
dynptr use-after-free bug (Amery Hung)
- Harden the signed program loader and reject exclusive maps as inner
maps (Daniel Borkmann)
- Replace the verifier min/max bounds fields with a circular number
(cnum) representation and improve 32->64 bit range refinements
(Eduard Zingerman)
- Introduce the arena library and runtime (libarena) with a buddy
allocator, rbtree and SPMC queue data structures, ASAN support and
a parallel test harness. Allow subprograms to return arena pointers
and switch to a BTF type-tag based __arena annotation (Emil
Tsalapatis)
- Cache build IDs in the sleepable stackmap path and avoid faultable
build ID reads under mm locks (Ihor Solodrai)
- Introduce the tracing_multi link to attach a single BPF program to
many kernel functions at once. Allow specifying the uprobe_multi
target via FD (Jiri Olsa)
- Extend the bpf_list family of kfuncs with bpf_list_add/del(), and
bpf_list_is_first/is_last/empty() (Kaitao Cheng)
- Extend the BPF syscall with common attributes support for
prog_load, btf_load and map_create (Leon Hwang)
- Wrap rhashtable as BPF map (Mykyta Yatsenko, Herbert Xu)
- Add sleepable support for tracepoint programs and fix deadlocks in
LRU map due to NMI reentry (Mykyta Yatsenko)
- Fix OOB access in bpf_flow_keys, fix nullness analysis of inner
arrays, enforce write checks for global subprograms (Nuoqi Gui)
- Report the maximum combined stack depth and print a breakdown of
instructions processed per subprogram (Paul Chaignon)
- Add an XDP load-balancer benchmark and arm64 JIT support for stack
arguments (Puranjay Mohan)
- Add kfuncs to traverse over wakeup_sources (Samuel Wu)
- Allow sleepable BPF programs to use LPM trie maps directly (Vlad
Poenaru)
- Many more fixes and cleanups across the verifier, BTF, sockmap,
devmap, bpffs, security hooks, s390/riscv/loongarch JITs,
rqspinlock, libbpf, bpftool, selftests"
* tag 'bpf-next-7.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next: (336 commits)
selftests/bpf: Work around llvm stack overflow in crypto progs
selftests/bpf: add test for bpf_msg_pop_data() overflow
bpf, sockmap: fix integer overflow in bpf_msg_pop_data() bounds check
sockmap: Fix use-after-free in udp_bpf_recvmsg()
bpf, sockmap: keep sk_msg copy state in sync
bpf, sockmap: Fix wrong rsge offset in bpf_msg_push_data()
bpf, sockmap: reject overflowing copy + len in bpf_msg_push_data()
selftsets/bpf: Retry map update on helper_fill_hashmap()
selftests/bpf: Add test for sleepable lsm_cgroup rejection
selftests/bpf: Add test to verify the fix for bpf_setsockopt() helper
bpf: Fix bpf_get/setsockopt to tos for ipv4-mapped ipv6 socket
selftests/bpf: Avoid static LLVM linking for cross builds
selftests/bpf: Use common CFLAGS for urandom_read
selftests/bpf: Initialize operation name before use
tools/bpf: build: Append extra cflags
libbpf: Initialize CFLAGS before including Makefile.include
bpftool: Append extra host flags
bpftool: Avoid adding EXTRA_CFLAGS to HOST_CFLAGS
bpftool: Pass host flags to bootstrap libbpf
selftests/bpf: correct CONFIG_PPC64 macro name in comment
...
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 TDX updates from Dave Hansen:
"There are a few cleanups, and some changes that should allow TDX and
kexec to coexist nicely.
The biggest change, however, is support for updating the TDX module
after boot, just like CPU microcode. TDX users really want this
because it lets them do security updates without tearing things down
and rebooting.
- Add TDX module update support
- Make kexec and TDX finally place nice together
- Put TDX error codes into a single header"
* tag 'x86_tdx_for_7.2-rc1' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (30 commits)
x86/virt/tdx: Document TDX module update
x86/virt/tdx: Enable TDX module runtime updates
x86/virt/tdx: Refresh TDX module version after update
coco/tdx-host: Lock out module updates when reading version
x86/virt/seamldr: Add module update locking
x86/virt/tdx: Restore TDX module state
x86/virt/seamldr: Initialize the newly-installed TDX module
x86/virt/seamldr: Install a new TDX module
x86/virt/tdx: Reset software states during TDX module shutdown
x86/virt/seamldr: Shut down the current TDX module
x86/virt/seamldr: Abort updates after a failed step
x86/virt/seamldr: Introduce skeleton for TDX module updates
x86/virt/seamldr: Allocate and populate a module update request
coco/tdx-host: Implement firmware upload sysfs ABI for TDX module updates
coco/tdx-host: Don't expose P-SEAMLDR information on CPUs with erratum
coco/tdx-host: Expose P-SEAMLDR information via sysfs
x86/virt/seamldr: Add a helper to retrieve P-SEAMLDR information
x86/virt/seamldr: Introduce a wrapper for P-SEAMLDR SEAMCALLs
coco/tdx-host: Expose TDX module version
coco/tdx-host: Introduce a "tdx_host" device
...
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull misc x86 updates from Dave Hansen:
"These are the usual random pile, with the one exception of moving Rick
over to be a TDX maintainer. Rick has been doing a great job with TDX
contributions, especially on the host side of things. It's time to
promote him to "M".
- Move Rick Edgecombe to TDX maintainer
- Remove unused header
- Ensure printf() validation in all configs"
* tag 'x86_misc_for_7.2-rc1' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
MAINTAINERS: Move Rick Edgecombe to TDX maintainer
x86: Remove unnecessary architecture-specific <asm/device.h>
x86/bug: Put HAVE_ARCH_BUG_FORMAT_ARGS WARN definitions inside __ASSEMBLER__
x86/bug: Add printf() validation to HAVE_ARCH_BUG_FORMAT_ARGS WARNs
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 SEV updates from Borislav Petkov:
- Remove redundant GHCB initialization guards in the SEV page state and
SVSM call paths now that the GHCB helpers handle early-boot fallback
internally
- Skip SNP initialization in the CCP driver immediately when the
preparation step fails rather than proceeding to an operation that
will certainly fail
- Abort SNP preparation and return an error when not all CPUs are
online, since the firmware enforces that every CPU enables SNP and
will fail init if not
- Simplify the VMM communication exception entry path by replacing
separate kernel and user mode macros with a single handler that
dispatches based on the current privilege level
* tag 'x86_sev_for_v7.2_rc1' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/sev: Remove redundant ghcbs_initialized checks around __sev_{get,put}_ghcb()
crypto/ccp: Skip SNP_INIT if preparation fails
x86/sev: Do not initialize SNP if missing CPUs
x86/entry: Zap the #VC entry user and kernel macros
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 cleanups from Borislav Petkov:
- The usual pile of cleanups and fixlets the cat dragged in
* tag 'x86_cleanups_for_v7.2_rc1' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/cpu: Remove obsolete aperfmperf_get_khz() declaration
x86/pmem: Check for platform_device_alloc() retval
x86/platform/uv: Use str_enabled_disabled() in uv_nmi_setup_hubless_intr()
x86/cpu: Keep the PROCESSOR_SELECT menu together
x86/tlb: Convert copy_from_user() + kstrtouint() to kstrtouint_from_user()
x86/purgatory: Fix #endif comment
x86/boot: Get rid of kstrtoull()
x86/boot/compressed: Use boot_kstrtoul() for hugepages= parsing
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 cpuid updates from Ingo Molnar:
- CPUID API updates (Ahmed S. Darwish):
- Introduce a centralized CPUID parser
- Introduce a centralized CPUID data model
- Introduce <asm/cpuid/leaf_types.h>
- Rename cpuid_leaf()/cpuid_subleaf() APIs
- treewide: Explicitly include the x86 CPUID headers
- Update to x86-cpuid-db v3.1 (Maciej Wieczor-Retman)
- Continued removal of pre-i586 support and related simplifications
(Ingo Molnar)
- Add Intel CPU model number for rugged Panther Lake (Tony Luck)
- Misc fixes, updates and cleanups by Arnd Bergmann, Chao Gao, Lukas
Bulwahn, Sohil Mehta, Maciej Wieczor-Retman.
* tag 'x86-cpu-2026-06-14' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (25 commits)
x86/cpu: Make CONFIG_X86_CX8 unconditional
x86/cpu: Remove unused !CONFIG_X86_TSC code
x86/cpuid: Update bitfields to x86-cpuid-db v3.1
tools/x86/kcpuid: Update bitfields to x86-cpuid-db v3.1
x86/cpu: Make CONFIG_X86_TSC unconditional
MAINTAINERS: Drop obsolete FPU EMULATOR section
x86/cpu: Fix a F00F bug warning and clean up surrounding code
x86/cpu: Add Intel CPU model number for rugged Panther Lake
x86/cpuid: Introduce a centralized CPUID parser
x86/cpu: Introduce a centralized CPUID data model
x86/cpuid: Introduce <asm/cpuid/leaf_types.h>
x86/cpuid: Rename cpuid_leaf()/cpuid_subleaf() APIs
x86/cpu: Do not include the CPUID API header in asm/processor.h
Documentation: core-api/cpu_hotplug: Remove stale cpu0_hotplug docs
x86/cpu, cpufreq: Remove AMD ELAN support
x86/fpu: Remove the math-emu/ FPU emulation library
x86/fpu: Remove the 'no387' boot option
x86/fpu: Remove MATH_EMULATION and related glue code
treewide: Explicitly include the x86 CPUID headers
x86/cpu: Remove the CONFIG_X86_INVD_BUG quirk
...
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86/msr updates from Ingo Molnar:
- Large series to reorganize the rdmsr/wrmsr APIs to remove
32-bit variants and convert to 64-bit variants (Juergen Gross)
- Fix W=1 warning (HyeongJun An)
* tag 'x86-msr-2026-06-14' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/msr: Remove wrmsrl()
x86/msr: Switch wrmsrl() users to wrmsrq()
x86/msr: Remove rdmsrl()
x86/msr: Switch rdmsrl() users to rdmsrq()
x86/msr: Remove wrmsr_safe_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Switch wrmsr_safe_on_cpu() users to wrmsrq_safe_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Remove rdmsr_safe_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Switch rdmsr_safe_on_cpu() users to rdmsrq_safe_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Don't use rdmsr_safe_on_cpu() in rdmsrq_safe_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Remove wrmsr_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Switch wrmsr_on_cpu() users to wrmsrq_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Remove rdmsr_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Switch rdmsr_on_cpu() users to rdmsrq_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Remove rdmsrl_on_cpu()
x86/msr: Switch rdmsrl_on_cpu() user to rdmsrq_on_cpu()
x86/process: Convert rdmsr() to rdmsrq() in arch_post_acpi_subsys_init() to address W=1 warning
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:
"SMP load-balancing updates:
- A large series to introduce infrastructure for cache-aware load
balancing, with the goal of co-locating tasks that share data
within the same Last Level Cache (LLC) domain. By improving cache
locality, the scheduler can reduce cache bouncing and cache misses,
ultimately improving data access efficiency.
Implemented by Chen Yu and Tim Chen, based on early prototype work
by Peter Zijlstra, with fixes by Jianyong Wu, Peter Zijlstra and
Shrikanth Hegde.
- A series to simplify CONFIG_SCHED_SMT ifdef usage (Shrikanth Hegde)
Fair scheduler updates:
- A series to improve SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY scheduling by introducing
SMT awareness (Andrea Righi, K Prateek Nayak)
- A series to optimize cfs_rq and sched_entity allocation for better
data locality (Zecheng Li)
- A preparatory series to change fair/cgroup scheduling to a single
runqueue, without the final change (Peter Zijlstra)
- Auto-manage ext/fair dl_server bandwidth (Andrea Righi)
- Fix cpu_util runnable_avg arithmetic (Hongyan Xia)
- Optimize update_tg_load_avg()'s rate-limiting code (Rik van Riel)
- Allow account_cfs_rq_runtime() to throttle current hierarchy
(K Prateek Nayak)
- Update util_est after updating util_avg during dequeue, to fix the
util signal update logic, which reduces signal noise (Vincent
Guittot)
Scheduler topology updates:
- Allow multiple domains to claim sched_domain_shared (K Prateek
Nayak)
- Add parameter to split LLC (Peter Zijlstra)
Core scheduler updates:
- Use trace_call__<tp>() to save a static branch (Gabriele Monaco)
Scheduler statistics updates:
- Drop now-stale mul_u64_u64_div_u64() cputime over-approximation
guard (Nicolas Pitre)
Deadline scheduler updates:
- Reject debugfs dl_server writes for offline CPUs (Andrea Righi)
- Fix replenishment logic for non-deferred servers (Yuri Andriaccio)
RT scheduling updates:
- Turn RT_PUSH_IPI default off for non PREEMPT_RT (Steven Rostedt)
- Update default bandwidth for real-time tasks to 1.0 (Yuri
Andriaccio)
Proxy scheduling updates:
- A series to implement Optimized Donor Migration for Proxy Execution
(John Stultz, Peter Zijlstra)
- Various proxy scheduling cleanups and fixes (Peter Zijlstra,
K Prateek Nayak)
Misc fixes, improvements and cleanups by Aaron Lu, Andrea Righi,
Zenghui Yu, Chen Yu, Guanyou.Chen, John Stultz, Shrikanth Hegde,
Peter Zijlstra, Liang Luo and Yiyang Chen"
* tag 'sched-core-2026-06-14' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (91 commits)
sched/fair: Fix newidle vs core-sched
sched/deadline: Use task_on_rq_migrating() helper
sched/core: Combine separate 'else' and 'if' statements
sched/fair: Fix cpu_util runnable_avg arithmetic
sched/fair: Unify cfs_rq throttling via account_cfs_rq_runtime()
sched/fair: Move the throttled tasks to a local list in tg_unthrottle_up()
sched/fair: Call update_curr() before unthrottling the hierarchy
sched/fair: Use throttled_csd_list for local unthrottle
sched/fair: Convert cfs bandwidth throttling to use guards
sched/fair: Allocate cfs_tg_state with percpu allocator
sched/fair: Remove task_group->se pointer array
sched/fair: Co-locate cfs_rq and sched_entity in cfs_tg_state
sched: restore timer_slack_ns when resetting RT policy on fork
MAINTAINERS: Fix spelling mistake in Peter's name
sched: Simplify ttwu_runnable()
sched/proxy: Remove superfluous clear_task_blocked_in()
sched/proxy: Remove PROXY_WAKING
sched/proxy: Switch proxy to use p->is_blocked
sched/proxy: Only return migrate when needed
sched: Be more strict about p->is_blocked
...
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
"Futex updates:
- Optimize futex hash bucket access patterns (Peter Zijlstra)
- Large series to address the robust futex unlock race for real, by
Thomas Gleixner:
"The robust futex unlock mechanism is racy in respect to the
clearing of the robust_list_head::list_op_pending pointer because
unlock and clearing the pointer are not atomic.
The race window is between the unlock and clearing the pending op
pointer. If the task is forced to exit in this window, exit will
access a potentially invalid pending op pointer when cleaning up
the robust list.
That happens if another task manages to unmap the object
containing the lock before the cleanup, which results in an UAF.
In the worst case this UAF can lead to memory corruption when
unrelated content has been mapped to the same address by the time
the access happens.
User space can't solve this problem without help from the kernel.
This series provides the kernel side infrastructure to help it
along:
1) Combined unlock, pointer clearing, wake-up for the
contended case
2) VDSO based unlock and pointer clearing helpers with a
fix-up function in the kernel when user space was interrupted
within the critical section.
... with help by André Almeida:
- Add a note about robust list race condition (André Almeida)
- Add self-tests for robust release operations (André Almeida)
Context analysis updates:
- Implement context analysis for 'struct rt_mutex'. (Bart Van Assche)
- Bump required Clang version to 23 (Marco Elver)
Guard infrastructure updates:
- Series to remove NULL check from unconditional guards (Dmitry
Ilvokhin)
Lockdep updates:
- Restore self-test migrate_disable() and sched_rt_mutex state on
PREEMPT_RT (Karl Mehltretter)
Membarriers updates:
- Use per-CPU mutexes for targeted commands (Aniket Gattani)
- Modernize membarrier_global_expedited with cleanup guards (Aniket
Gattani)
- Add rseq stress test for CFS throttle interactions (Aniket Gattani)
percpu-rwsems updates:
- Extract __percpu_up_read() to optimize inlining overhead (Dmitry
Ilvokhin)
Seqlocks updates:
- Allow UBSAN_ALIGNMENT to fail optimizing (Heiko Carstens)
Lock tracing:
- Add contended_release tracepoint to sleepable locks such as
mutexes, percpu-rwsems, rtmutexes, rwsems and semaphores (Dmitry
Ilvokhin)
MAINTAINERS updates:
- MAINTAINERS: Add RUST [SYNC] entry (Boqun Feng)
Misc updates and fixes by Randy Dunlap, YE WEI-HONG, Fabricio Parra,
Dmitry Ilvokhin and Peter Zijlstra"
* tag 'locking-core-2026-06-14' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (36 commits)
locking: Add contended_release tracepoint to sleepable locks
locking/percpu-rwsem: Extract __percpu_up_read()
tracing/lock: Remove unnecessary linux/sched.h include
futex: Optimize futex hash bucket access patterns
rust: sync: completion: Mark inline complete_all and wait_for_completion
MAINTAINERS: Add RUST [SYNC] entry
cleanup: Specify nonnull argument index
selftests: futex: Add tests for robust release operations
Documentation: futex: Add a note about robust list race condition
x86/vdso: Implement __vdso_futex_robust_try_unlock()
x86/vdso: Prepare for robust futex unlock support
futex: Provide infrastructure to plug the non contended robust futex unlock race
futex: Add robust futex unlock IP range
futex: Add support for unlocking robust futexes
futex: Cleanup UAPI defines
x86: Select ARCH_MEMORY_ORDER_TSO
uaccess: Provide unsafe_atomic_store_release_user()
futex: Provide UABI defines for robust list entry modifiers
futex: Move futex related mm_struct data into a struct
futex: Make futex_mm_init() void
...
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gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull interrupt core updates from Thomas Gleixner:
- Rework of /proc/interrupt handling:
/proc/interrupts was subject to micro optimizations for a long time,
but most of the low hanging fruit was left on the table. This rework
addresses the major time consuming issues:
- Printing a long series of zeros one by one via a format string
instead of counting subsequent zeros and emitting a string
constant.
- Simplify and cache the conditions whether interrupts should be
printed
- Use a proper iteration over the interrupt descriptor xarray
instead of walking and testing one by one.
- Provide helper functions for the architecture code to emit the
architecture specific counters
- Convert the counter structure in x86 to an array, which
simplifies the output and add mechanisms to suppress unused
architecture interrupts, which just occupy space for nothing.
Adopt the new core mechanisms.
This adjusts the gdb scripts related to interrupt counter statistics
to work with the new mechanisms.
- Prevent a string overflow in the /proc/irq/$N/ directory name
creation code.
* tag 'irq-core-2026-06-13' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/irq: Add missing 's' back to thermal event printout
genirq/proc: Speed up /proc/interrupts iteration
genirq/proc: Runtime size the chip name
genirq: Expose irq_find_desc_at_or_after() in core code
genirq: Add rcuref count to struct irq_desc
genirq/proc: Increase default interrupt number precision to four
genirq: Calculate precision only when required
genirq: Cache the condition for /proc/interrupts exposure
genirq/manage: Make NMI cleanup RT safe
genirq: Expose nr_irqs in core code
scripts/gdb: Update x86 interrupts to the array based storage
x86/irq: Move IOAPIC misrouted and PIC/APIC error counts into irq_stats
x86/irq: Suppress unlikely interrupt stats by default
x86/irq: Make irqstats array based
genirq/proc: Utilize irq_desc::tot_count to avoid evaluation
genirq/proc: Avoid formatting zero counts in /proc/interrupts
x86/irq: Optimize interrupts decimals printing
genirq/proc: Size interrupt directory names for 10-digit interrupt numbers
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip
Pull xen updates from Juergen Gross:
- Several small cleanups of various Xen related drivers
(xen/platform-pci, xen-balloon, xenbus, xen/mcelog)
- Cleanup for Xen PV-mode related code (includes dropping the Xen
debugfs code)
- Drop the additional lazy mmu mode tracking done by Xen specific code
* tag 'for-linus-7.2-rc1-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
xen/xenbus: Replace strcpy() with memcpy()
x86/xen: Replace generic lazy tracking with cpu specific one
x86/xen: Get rid of last XEN_LAZY_MMU uses
mm: Refactor lazy_mmu_mode_pause() and lazy_mmu_mode_resume()
x86/xen: Change interface of xen_mc_issue()
x86/xen: Drop lazy mode from trace entries
x86/xen: Remove Xen debugfs support
x86/xen: Cleanup Xen related trace points
x86/xen: Guard PV-only stuff in xen-ops.h with CONFIG_XEN_PV
xen: balloon: Replace sprintf() with sysfs_emit()
xen/mcelog: mark g_physinfo, ncpus and xen_mce_chrdev_device as __ro_after_init
xen: constify xsd_errors array
xen/platform-pci: Simplify initialization of pci_device_id array
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kbuild/linux
Pull Kbuild / Kconfig updates from Nathan Chancellor:
"Kbuild:
- Remove broken module linking exclusion for BTF
- Add documentation around how offset header files work
- Include unstripped vDSO libraries in pacman packages
- Bump minimum version of LLVM for building the kernel to 17.0.1 and
clean up unnecessary workarounds
- Use a context manager in run-clang-tools
- Add dist macro value if present to release tag for RPM packages
- Detect and report truncated buf_printf() output in modpost
- Add __llvm_covfun and __llvm_covmap to section whitelist in modpost
- Support Clang's distributed ThinLTO mode
- Remove architecture specific configurations for AutoFDO and
Propeller to ease individual architecture maintenance
Kconfig:
- Add kconfig-sym-check target to look for dangling Kconfig symbol
references and invalid tristate literal values
- Harden against potential NULL pointer dereference
- Fix typo in Kconfig test comment"
* tag 'kbuild-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kbuild/linux: (31 commits)
kconfig: tests: fix typo in comment
kconfig: Remove the architecture specific config for Propeller
kconfig: Remove the architecture specific config for AutoFDO
modpost: Add __llvm_covfun and __llvm_covmap to section_white_list
kconfig: add kconfig-sym-check static checker
kbuild: Remove unnecessary 'T' modifier in cmd_ar_builtin_fixup
kbuild: distributed build support for Clang ThinLTO
kbuild: move vmlinux.a build rule to scripts/Makefile.vmlinux_a
scripts: modpost: detect and report truncated buf_printf() output
kbuild: rpm-pkg: append %{?dist} macro to Release tag
run-clang-tools: run multiprocessing.Pool as context manager
compiler-clang.h: Drop explicit version number from "all" diagnostic macro
compiler-clang.h: Remove __cleanup -Wunused-variable workaround
kbuild: Remove check for broken scoping with clang < 17 in CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO_OUTPUT
x86/entry/vdso32: Remove conditional omission of '.cfi_offset eflags'
x86/module: Revert "Deal with GOT based stack cookie load on Clang < 17"
x86/build: Drop unnecessary '-ffreestanding' addition to KBUILD_CFLAGS
scripts/Makefile.warn: Drop -Wformat handling for clang < 16
riscv: Drop tautological condition from TOOLCHAIN_NEEDS_OLD_ISA_SPEC
riscv: Remove tautological condition from selection of ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI
...
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The non-MMU changes/preliminary cleanups from the "split kvm_mmu in
three" series[1]. The final outcome is to have a single copy of the
PDPTRs (in vcpu->arch) instead of two (in root_mmu and nested_mmu).
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/20260603105814.10236-1-pbonzini@redhat.com/T/#t
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PDPTRs are part of the CPU state. A bit unconventionally, they are
reached via vcpu->arch.walk_mmu instead of being stored in vcpu->arch
directly. That is nice in principle---it would allow TDP shadow paging
to have its own PDPTRs---but it is not necessary, because EPT has no
PDPTRs and NPT does not cache them.
Since kvm_pdptr_read does not otherwise need the MMU, drop the pdptrs
from the MMU altogether. There is however something to be careful
about, in that PDPTRs are now not stored separately in root_mmu and
nested_mmu for L1 and L2 guests. In practice this was already not
an issue:
- for EPT the VMCS0x has to keep them up to date; and for the purpose
of emulation they are always loaded from the VMCS on vmentry/vmexit,
thanks to the clearing of dirty and available register bitmaps in
vmx_switch_vmcs()
- for NPT, VCPU_EXREG_PDPTR is similarly cleared for nNPT, which does
not cache the PDPTRs; while for non-nNPT the PDPTRs are loaded
together with the load of CR3.
Note that page table PDPTRs are not affected, since they are stored
in pae_root.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-ID: <20260530165545.25599-6-pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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KVM SVM changes for 7.2
- Add support for virtualizing gPAT (KVM previously just used L1's PAT when
running L2).
- Fix goofs where KVM mishandles side effects (e.g. single-step and PMC
updates) when emulating VMRUN.
- Fix a variety of bugs in AVIC's handling of x2APIC MSR interception, most
notably where KVM didn't disable interception of IRR, ISR, and TMR regs.
- Add support for virtualizing Host-Only/Guest-Only bits in the mediated PMU.
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KVM x86 MMU changes for 7.2
- Use the kernel's "enum pg_level" in the TDX APIs instead of the TDX-Module's
level definitions (which are 0-based).
- Rework the TDX memory APIs to not require/assume that guest memory is
backed by "struct page" (in prepartion for guest_memfd hugepage support).
- Overhaul the TDP MMU => S-EPT code to move as much S-EPT specific logic as
possible into the TDX code, and to funnel (almost) all S-EPT updates into
a single chokepoint. The motivation is largely to prepare for upcoming
Dynamic PAMT support, but the cleanups are nice to have on their own.
- Plug a hole in the shadow MMU where KVM fails to recursively zap nested TDP
shadow when L1 is tearing its TDP page tables from the bottom up, as KVM's
TDP MMU now does.
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KVM misc x86 changes for 7.2
- Handle EXIT_FASTPATH_EXIT_USERSPACE in vendor code to ensure vendor code
gets a chance to handle things like reaping the PML buffer.
- Ensure KVM's copy of CR0 and CR3 are up-to-date on SVM prior to invoking
fastpath handlers.
- Update KVM's view of PV async enabling if and only if the MSR write fully
succeeds.
- Fix a variety of issues where the emulator doesn't honor guest-debug state,
and clean up related code along the way.
- Synthesize EPT Violation and #NPF "error code" bits when injecting faults
into L1 that didn't originate in hardware (in which case the VMCS/VMCB
doesn't hold relevant information).
- Add support for virtualizing (well, emulating) AMD's flavor of CPL>0 CPUID
faulting.
- Clean up the GPR APIs so that KVM's use of "raw" is consistent, and fix a
variety of minor bugs along the way.
- Fix an OOB memory access due to not checking the VP ID when handling a
Hyper-V PV TLB flush for L2.
- Fix a bug in the mediated PMU's handling of fixed counters that allowed the
guest to bypass the PMU event filter.
- Allow userspace to return EAGAIN when handling SNP and TDX hypercalls, so
the KVM can forward a "retry" status code to the guest, and reserve all
unused error codes for future usage.
- Misc fixes and cleanups.
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Now that the Kconfig space always enables CONFIG_X86_TSC (on x86),
remove !CONFIG_X86_TSC code from the x86 arch code.
We still keep the Kconfig option to catch any eventual code still
pending in maintainer or non-mainline trees, plus some drivers
have raw TSC timestamping hacks that use CONFIG_X86_TSC.
It's also still possible to disable TSC support runtime.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ahmed S . Darwish <darwi@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: H . Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250425084216.3913608-13-mingo@kernel.org
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wrmsrl() has no users left. Delete it.
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608082809.3492719-5-jgross@suse.com
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rdmsrl() has no users left. Delete it.
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608082809.3492719-3-jgross@suse.com
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wrmsr_safe_on_cpu() has no users left. Delete it.
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608051741.3207435-12-jgross@suse.com
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rdmsr_safe_on_cpu() has no users left. Delete it.
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608051741.3207435-10-jgross@suse.com
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wrmsr_on_cpu() has no users left. Delete it.
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608051741.3207435-7-jgross@suse.com
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In order to prepare retiring wrmsr_on_cpu() switch wrmsr_on_cpu() users
to wrmsrq_on_cpu().
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608051741.3207435-6-jgross@suse.com
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rdmsr_on_cpu() has no users left. Delete it.
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608051741.3207435-5-jgross@suse.com
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In order to prepare retiring rdmsr_on_cpu() switch rdmsr_on_cpu() users
to rdmsrq_on_cpu().
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608051741.3207435-4-jgross@suse.com
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rdmsrl_on_cpu() has no users left. Delete it.
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260608051741.3207435-3-jgross@suse.com
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Now that lazy mmu state tracking no longer relies on the Xen specific
one, cpu lazy mode is the only user of the Xen generic lazy tracking.
Replace the Xen generic lazy tracking with a cpu lazy specific one.
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Message-ID: <20260526150514.129330-6-jgross@suse.com>
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There are only very few use cases of XEN_LAZY_MMU left. Get rid of
them in order to avoid having to call enter_lazy(XEN_LAZY_MMU) and
leave_lazy(XEN_LAZY_MMU).
The query in xen_batched_set_pte() can be replaced by using
is_lazy_mmu_mode_active() instead.
As xen_flush_lazy_mmu() will be called only with lazy MMU mode being
active, the test for the lazy mode can just be dropped.
In xen_start_context_switch() and xen_end_context_switch() use
__task_lazy_mmu_mode_pause() and __task_lazy_mmu_mode_resume(),
allowing to drop xen_enter_lazy_mmu() and xen_leave_lazy_mmu()
completely.
Call arch_flush_lazy_mmu_mode() from arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode(), as
this is the only required action now.
Drop the lazy mmu enter and leave paravirt hooks, leaving the flush
hook as the only needed one.
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Message-ID: <20260526150514.129330-5-jgross@suse.com>
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Update leaf_types.h to version 3.1, as generated by x86-cpuid-db.
Summary of the v3.1 changes:
* Fix a few typos that were found during the kernel CPUID data model
review. Also include fixes found using an LLM agent review, from Ahmed.
* Rename thrd_director_nclasses to hw_feedback_nclasses as it's the
name used in Intel SDM.
See https://gitlab.com/x86-cpuid.org/x86-cpuid-db/-/blob/v3.1/CHANGELOG.rst
for more info.
Signed-off-by: Maciej Wieczor-Retman <maciej.wieczor-retman@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/9653d8690ec7093c8190b12d1fa8c689c4da50fe.1780506200.git.m.wieczorretman@pm.me
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All pieces of TDX module runtime updates are in place. Enable it if it
is supported.
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Lindgren <tony.lindgren@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-24-chao.gao@intel.com
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TDX metadata like the version number changes during a module update.
Add functions to lock out module updates.
The current stop_machine() implementation uses worker threads. The
scheduler actually does a full, normal context switch over to that
thread. preempt_disable() obviously inhibits that context switch and
thus, locks out stop_machine() users like the module update.
Thanks to Chao for the idea of using preempt_disable().
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
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Continue fleshing out the update process. At this point the new module
is sitting in memory but has never been called and is not usable. It
is in a similar state to the when the system first boots.
Leave the P-SEAMLDR behind. Stop making calls to it. Transition to
calling the new TDX module itself to set up both global and per-cpu
state.
Share tdx_cpu_enable() with the fresh-boot module initialization code.
Export it and invoke it on all CPUs.
Note: "TDX global initialization" needs to be done once before "TDX
per-CPU initialization". It would be a great fit for the new runtime
update "is_lead_cpu" logic. But tdx_cpu_enable() already has some
logic to do the global initialization properly. Just use it directly
to maximize fresh-boot and runtime update code sharing.
== Background ==
The boot-time and post-update initialization flows share the same first
steps:
- TDX global initialization
- TDX per-CPU initialization
After that, they diverge:
- Fresh boot:
Prepare TDMRs/PAMTs
Configure the TDX module
Configure the global KeyID
Initialize TDMRs
- Runtime update:
Restore TDX module state from handoff data
Future changes will consume the handoff data.
[ dhansen: major changelog munging ]
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Lindgren <tony.lindgren@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-20-chao.gao@intel.com
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The first step of TDX module updates is shutting down the current TDX
module. This step also packs state information that needs to be
preserved across updates, called "handoff data". This handoff data is
consumed by the updated module and stored internally in the SEAM range and
hidden from the kernel.
Since the handoff data layout may change between modules, the handoff
data is versioned. Each module has a native handoff version and
provides backward support for several older versions.
The complete handoff versioning protocol is complex as it supports both
module upgrades and downgrades. See details in "Intel Trust Domain
Extensions (Intel TDX) Module Base Architecture Specification", Chapter
"Handoff Versioning".
Ideally, the kernel needs to retrieve the handoff versions supported by
the current module and the new module and select a version supported by
both. But since this implementation only supports module upgrades, simply
request handoff data from the current module using its highest supported
version. That is sufficient for this upgrade-only implementation.
Retrieve the module's handoff version from TDX global metadata and add an
update step to shut down the module. Module shutdown only needs to run on
one CPU.
Don't cache the handoff information in tdx_sysinfo. It is used only for
module shutdown, and is present only when the TDX module supports updates.
Caching it in get_tdx_sys_info() would require extra update-support guards
and refreshing the cached value across module updates.
[ dhansen: fix up function variables, remove 'cpu'.
Return from tdx_module_shutdown() early if handoff call fails. ]
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Lindgren <tony.lindgren@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-17-chao.gao@intel.com
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tl;dr: Select fw_upload for doing TDX module updates. The process of
selecting among available update images is complicated and nuanced. Punt
the selection process out to userspace. One existing userspace
implementation today is the script in the Intel TDX Module Binaries
repository[1].
Long Version:
The kernel supports two primary firmware update mechanisms:
1. request_firmware() - used by microcode, SEV firmware, hundreds of
other drivers
2. 'struct fw_upload' - used by CXL, FPGA updates, dozens of others
The key difference between is that request_firmware() loads a named file
from the filesystem where the filename is kernel-controlled, while
fw_upload accepts firmware data directly from userspace.
TDX module firmware update selection policy is too complex for the kernel.
Leave it to userspace and use fw_upload.
Add a skeleton fw_upload implementation to be fleshed out in subsequent
patches.
Refactor the sysfs visiblity attribute function so it can be used as a
more generic flag for the presence of viable runtime update support.
Why fw_upload instead of request_firmware()?
============================================
Selecting a TDX module update image is not a simple "load the latest"
decision. Userspace needs to choose an image that is compatible with both
the platform and the currently running module.
Some constraints are hard requirements:
a. Module version series are platform-specific. For example, the 1.5.x
series runs on Sapphire Rapids but not Granite Rapids, which needs
2.0.x.
b. Updates are also constrained by version distance. A 1.5.6 module
might permit updates to 1.5.7 but not to 1.5.50.
There may also be userspace policy choices:
c. Decide the update direction: upgrade or downgrade
d. Choose whether to optimize for fewer updates or smaller version
steps, for example, 1.2.3=>1.2.5 versus 1.2.3=>1.2.4=>1.2.5.
Given that complexity, leave module selection to userspace and use
fw_upload.
1. https://github.com/intel/confidential-computing.tdx.tdx-module.binaries/blob/main/version_select_and_load.py
[ dhansen: add version script link, add more explanation of code moves,
fix some minor whitespace issues ]
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Lindgren <tony.lindgren@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/01fc8946-eb84-46fa-9458-f345dd3f6033@intel.com/
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-13-chao.gao@intel.com
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TDX-capable CPUs clobber the current VMCS on P-SEAMLDR calls. Clearing
the current VMCS behind KVM's back breaks KVM.
Future CPUs will fix this by preserving the current VMCS across
P-SEAMLDR calls. A future specification update will describe the
VMCS-clearing behavior as an erratum and to state that it does not
occur when IA32_VMX_BASIC[60] is set.
Add a CPU bug bit and refuse to expose P-SEAMLDR information on
affected CPUs.
Use a CPU bug bit to stay consistent with X86_BUG_TDX_PW_MCE. As a
bonus, the bug bit is visible to userspace, which allows userspace to
determine why these sysfs files are not exposed, and it can also be
checked by other kernel components in the future if needed.
== Alternatives ==
Two workarounds were considered but both were rejected:
1. Save/restore the current VMCS around P-SEAMLDR calls. This produces ugly
assembly code [1] and doesn't play well with #MCE or #NMI if they
need to use the current VMCS.
2. Move KVM's VMCS tracking logic to the TDX core code, which would break
the boundary between KVM and the TDX core code [2].
[ dhansen: comment and changelog munging. Add seamldr_call() bug check. ]
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/fedb3192-e68c-423c-93b2-a4dc2f964148@intel.com/ # [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/aYIXFmT-676oN6j0@google.com/ # [2]
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-12-chao.gao@intel.com
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TDX module updates require userspace to select the appropriate module
to load. Expose necessary information to facilitate this decision. Two
values are needed:
- P-SEAMLDR version: for compatibility checks between TDX module and
P-SEAMLDR
- num_remaining_updates: indicates how many updates can be performed
Expose them as tdx-host device attributes visible only when updates
are supported.
Note that the underlying P-SEAMLDR attributes are available regardless
of update support; this only restricts their visibility to userspace.
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-11-chao.gao@intel.com
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P-SEAMLDR reports its state via SEAMLDR.INFO, including its version and
the number of remaining runtime updates.
This information is useful for userspace. For example, userspace can
use the P-SEAMLDR version to determine whether a candidate TDX module
is compatible with the running loader, and can use the remaining
update count to determine whether another runtime update is still
possible.
Add a helper to retrieve P-SEAMLDR information in preparation for
exposing P-SEAMLDR version and other necessary information to userspace.
Export the new kAPI for use by the "tdx_host" device.
Note that there are two distinct P-SEAMLDR APIs with similar names:
"SEAMLDR.INFO" is metadata about the loader. It's metadata for the
update process.
"SEAMLDR.SEAMINFO" is metadata about SEAM mode. It is for the module
init process, not for the update process.
Use SEAMLDR.INFO here.
For details, see "Intel Trust Domain Extensions - SEAM Loader (SEAMLDR)
Interface Specification".
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Xiaoyao Li <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-10-chao.gao@intel.com
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For TDX module updates, userspace needs to select compatible update
versions based on the current module version.
For example, the 1.5.x series runs on Sapphire Rapids but not Granite
Rapids, which needs 2.0.x. Updates are also constrained by version
distance, so a 1.5.6 module might permit updates to 1.5.7 but not to
1.5.20.
Start the process of punting the version selection logic to userspace.
Expose the TDX module version in the new faux device.
Define TDX_VERSION_FMT macro for the TDX version format since it will be
used multiple times. Also convert an existing print statement to use it.
== Background ==
For posterity, here's what other firmware mechanisms do:
1. AMD SEV leverages an existing PCI device for the PSP to expose
metadata. TDX uses a faux device as it doesn't have PCI device
in its architecture.
2. Microcode uses per-CPU virtual devices to report microcode revisions
because CPUs can have different revisions. But, there is only a
single TDX module, so exposing the TDX module version through a global
TDX faux device is appropriate
3. ARM's CCA implementation isn't in-tree yet, but will likely follow a
similar faux device approach, though it's unclear whether they need
to expose firmware version information
[ dhansen: trim changelog ]
Signed-off-by: Chao Gao <chao.gao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Lindgren <tony.lindgren@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Xu Yilun <yilun.xu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Xiaoyao Li <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/2025073035-bulginess-rematch-b92e@gregkh/ # [1]
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260520133909.409394-8-chao.gao@intel.com
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