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2026-01-23selftest: tun: Add test data for success and failure pathsXu Du
To improve the robustness and coverage of the TUN selftests, this patch expands the set of test data. Signed-off-by: Xu Du <xudu@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/5054f3ad9f3dbfe33b827183fccc5efeb8fd0da7.1768979440.git.xudu@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23selftest: tun: Add test for receiving gso packet from tunXu Du
The test validate that GSO information are correctly exposed when reading packets from a TUN device. Signed-off-by: Xu Du <xudu@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/fe75ac66466380490eba858eef50596a1bfbd071.1768979440.git.xudu@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23selftest: tun: Add test for sending gso packet into tunXu Du
The test constructs a raw packet, prepends a virtio_net_hdr, and writes the result to the TUN device. This mimics the behavior of a vm forwarding a guest's packet to the host networking stack. Signed-off-by: Xu Du <xudu@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/a988dbc9ca109e4f1f0b33858c5035bce8ebede3.1768979440.git.xudu@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23selftest: tun: Add helpers for GSO over UDP tunnelXu Du
In preparation for testing GSO over UDP tunnels, enhance the test infrastructure to support a more complex data path involving a TUN device and a GENEVE udp tunnel. This patch introduces a dedicated setup/teardown topology that creates both a GENEVE tunnel interface and a TUN interface. The TUN device acts as the VTEP (Virtual Tunnel Endpoint), allowing it to send and receive virtio-net packets. This setup effectively tests the kernel's data path for encapsulated traffic. Note that after adding a new address to the UDP tunnel, we need to wait a bit until the associated route is available. Additionally, a new data structure is defined to manage test parameters. This structure is designed to be extensible, allowing different test data and configurations to be easily added in subsequent patches. Signed-off-by: Xu Du <xudu@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/b5787b8c269f43ce11e1756f1691cc7fd9a1e901.1768979440.git.xudu@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23selftest: tun: Refactor tun_delete to use tuntap_helpersXu Du
The previous patch introduced common tuntap helpers to simplify tun test code. This patch refactors the tun_delete function to use these new helpers. Signed-off-by: Xu Du <xudu@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/ecc7c0c2d75d87cb814e97579e731650339703ab.1768979440.git.xudu@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23selftest: tun: Introduce tuntap_helpers.h header for TUN/TAP testingXu Du
Introduce rtnetlink manipulation and packet construction helpers that will simplify the later creation of more related test cases. This avoids duplicating logic across different test cases. This new header will contain: - YNL-based netlink management utilities. - Helpers for ip link, ip address, ip neighbor and ip route operations. - Packet construction and manipulation helpers. Signed-off-by: Xu Du <xudu@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/91f905715c69c75f7bf72d43388921fde6c34989.1768979440.git.xudu@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23selftest: tun: Format tun.c existing codeXu Du
In preparation for adding new tests for GSO over UDP tunnels, apply consistently the kernel style to the existing code. Signed-off-by: Xu Du <xudu@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/d797de1e5a3d215dd78cb46775772ef682bab60e.1768979440.git.xudu@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23selftests: net: tests for add double tunneling GRO/GSOPaolo Abeni
Create a simple, netns-based topology with double, nested UDP tunnels and perform TSO transfers on top. Explicitly enable GSO and/or GRO and check the skb layout consistency with different configuration allowing (or not) GSO frames to be delivered on the other end. The trickest part is account in a robust way the aggregated/unaggregated packets with double encapsulation: use a classic bpf filter for it. Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Machata <petrm@nvidia.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/61f2c98ba0f73057c2d6f6cb62eb807abd90bf6b.1769011015.git.pabeni@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-23Merge branch 'mauro' into docs-mwJonathan Corbet
Mauro's work to include documentation from our Python modules. His cover letter follows: This is an extended version of: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-doc/cover.1768488832.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org/ It basically adds everything we currently have inside libs/tool/python to "tools" book inside documentation. This version should be independent of the other series yet to be merged, (including the jobserver one). The vast amount of changes here are docstring cleanups and additions. They mainly consists on: - ensuring that every phrase will end with a period, making it uniform along all files; - cleaning ups to better uniform docstrings; - variable descriptions now use "#:" markup, as it allows autodoc to add them inside the documentation; - added some missing docstrings; - some new blank lines at comments to make ReST syntax parser happy; - add a couple of sphinx markups (mainly, code blocks). Most of those are minor changes, affecting only comments. It also has one patch per libarary type, adding them to docs. For kernel-doc, I did the cleanups first, as there is one code block inside tools/lib/python/kdoc/latex_fonts.py that would cause a Sphinx crash without such markups. The series actually starts with 3 fixes: - avoid "*" markups on indexes with deep> 3 to override text - a variable rename to stop abusing doctree name - don't rely on cwd to get Documentation/ location patch 4 adds support to document scripts either at: - tools/ - scripts/ patch 5 contains a CSS to better display autodoc html output. For those who want to play with documentation, documenting a python file is very simple. All it takes is to use: .. automodule:: lib.python.<dir+name> Usually, we add a couple of control members to it to adjust the desired documentation scope (add/remove members, showing class inheritance, showing members that currently don't have docstrings, etc). That's why we're using: .. automodule:: lib.python.kdoc.enrich_formatter :members: :show-inheritance: :undoc-members: (and similar) inside tools/kdoc*.rst. autodoc allows filtering in/out members, file docstrings, etc. It also allows documenting just some members or functions with directives like: ..autofunction: ..automember: Sphinx also has a helper script to generate .rst files with documentation: $ sphinx-apidoc -o foobar tools/lib/python/ which can be helpful to discover what should be documented, although changes are needed to use what it produces.
2026-01-23docs: parse_features: make documentation more consistentMauro Carvalho Chehab
Do some changes to: - add missing documentation strings to vars; - add a missing docstring; - ensure that phases will end with a period. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <3722f10361638561a5ced18cf4f409930c88270b.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: jobserver: do some documentation improvementsMauro Carvalho Chehab
Make Sphinx handle better jobserver class documentation Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <18a9c1406bdead680e3ee5768c97ae8b2138e8ea.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kabi: helpers: add documentation for each "enum" valueMauro Carvalho Chehab
Ensure that kABI module documentation will describe each debug bit. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <3b118b157e52d757bf82fd74f03b0f4bd9e8b8f1.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kabi: helpers: add helper for debug bits 7 and 8Mauro Carvalho Chehab
The kabi logic supports 8 debug bits, but only 6 are currently documented. Document the remaining ones. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <60e99b9060396eac8621954d6b8a73af45df90fb.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kabi: system_symbols: end docstring phrases with a dotMauro Carvalho Chehab
Some docstring classes are not ending with a dot. Fix to make it more uniform. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <efd0e150d8e12d8ea2665f54a96b1997f32897b7.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: python: abi_regex: do some improvements at documentationMauro Carvalho Chehab
Add documentation for two consts and ensure that all sentenses will end with a dot. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <5419ad89a5042c1571198c2f055866674808579b.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: python: abi_parser: do some improvements at documentationMauro Carvalho Chehab
Add documentation for two consts and ensure that all sentenses will end with a dot. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <c5756d7fd70697890130b41b2856c59144d01844.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc: python_version: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <2153afaeb496e1bb8d3cc318fff26c3f99d99486.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc: enrich_formatter: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <55ec8b896fe00529d326859cd094230fb5a2cd30.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc: parse_data_structs: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <76ead85b4c13a8038180a792e270c3691d26cd25.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc_re: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <14a12a43144d52345bfd405d0401d246f0885acf.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc_output: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <ac03bf776f0929bbe822cd8269f2a31e275b8d6b.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc_parser: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <b6aabe25b45e9751885becd544a4db82dbe11ff2.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc_item: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <65a7c6bb318e7a8cbf5c115903d507568099151a.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc_files: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <75d58878ad6f83f24f1c0ce9e04301a000ecbaa3.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23docs: kdoc: latex_fonts: Improve docstrings and commentsMauro Carvalho Chehab
In preparation to document kernel-doc module, improve its documentation. Among the changes, it had to place the xml template inside a code block, as otherwise doc build would break. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <6e0eb2e245eae9b4f39cf231dee32df00b9e8b7b.1768838938.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-01-23tools/docs: sphinx-build-wrapper: only generate rust docs when requestedThomas Weißschuh
When the user explicitly specifies SPHINXDIRS to build a specific subdirectory it is unexpected that the rust docs are also generated. Especially as their generation may dominate the execution time. Only generate the rust docs when they are part of the SPHINXDIRS requested by the user. 'rust/rustdocs' is not considered, as it is not a valid SPHINXDIRS anyways. Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net> Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260118-docs-spurious-rust-v1-4-998e14b9ed9e@weissschuh.net>
2026-01-23tools/docs: sphinx-build-wrapper: compute sphinxdirs_list earlierThomas Weißschuh
An upcoming patch will require sphinxdirs_list to be available before the call to check_rust(). Move it up in the function. Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net> Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260118-docs-spurious-rust-v1-3-998e14b9ed9e@weissschuh.net>
2026-01-23tools/docs: sphinx-build-wrapper: make 'rustdoc' a local variableThomas Weißschuh
All users of this variable are now in the same method. Demote the instance variable to a local one. Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net> Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260118-docs-spurious-rust-v1-2-998e14b9ed9e@weissschuh.net>
2026-01-23tools/docs: sphinx-build-wrapper: generate rust docs only onceThomas Weißschuh
Currently the rust docs are generated for each entry in SPHINXDIRS. This is unnecessary as they will be the same for each one. Move the generation, so it is executed only once. Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net> Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260118-docs-spurious-rust-v1-1-998e14b9ed9e@weissschuh.net>
2026-01-23Merge tag 'sound-6.19-rc7' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound Pull sound fixes from Takashi Iwai: "A collection of a few more small fixes for HD- and USB-audio, including a regression fix for the OOB fix that was included in the previous pull request" * tag 'sound-6.19-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound: ALSA: hda/realtek: ALC269 fixup for Lenovo Yoga Book 9i 13IRU8 audio ALSA: hda/realtek: Add quirk for Samsung 730QED to fix headphone ALSA: usb-audio: Use the right limit for PCM OOB check ALSA: usb-audio: Fix use-after-free in snd_usb_mixer_free() ALSA: hda/realtek: Fix headset mic for TongFang X6AR55xU ALSA: ctxfi: Fix potential OOB access in audio mixer handling selftests: ALSA: Remove unused variable in utimer-test ALSA: usb-audio: Add delay quirk for MOONDROP Moonriver2 Ti ALSA: scarlett2: Fix buffer overflow in config retrieval ALSA: usb: Increase volume range that triggers a warning
2026-01-23KVM: selftests: Add -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE to avoid some unpredictable test failuresZhiquan Li
Some distributions (such as Ubuntu) configure GCC so that _FORTIFY_SOURCE is automatically enabled at -O1 or above. This results in some fortified version of definitions of standard library functions are included. While linker resolves the symbols, the fortified versions might override the definitions in lib/string_override.c and reference to those PLT entries in GLIBC. This is not a problem for the code in host, but it is a disaster for the guest code. E.g., if build and run x86/nested_emulation_test on Ubuntu 24.04 will encounter a L1 #PF due to memset() reference to __memset_chk@plt. The option -fno-builtin-memset is not helpful here, because those fortified versions are not built-in but some definitions which are included by header, they are for different intentions. In order to eliminate the unpredictable behaviors may vary depending on the linker and platform, add the "-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE" into CFLAGS to prevent from introducing the fortified definitions. Signed-off-by: Zhiquan Li <zhiquan_li@163.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260122053551.548229-1-zhiquan_li@163.com Fixes: 6b6f71484bf4 ("KVM: selftests: Implement memcmp(), memcpy(), and memset() for guest use") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org [sean: tag for stable] Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2026-01-23tools: usb: usbip: remove dead-link from READMEShuah Khan
Remove dead-link to Debug Tips document on usbip project wiki http://usbip.wiki.sourceforge.net/how-to-debug-usbip Tried and failed find the file in archives. It would be nice to locate the file and add this to usbip tool. Reported-by: Ignacio Hernandez-Ros <ignacio@hernandez-ros.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/0101019bdf6ca137-60344502-51d2-4767-a34b-6a7cf1bfdf4a-000000@us-west-2.amazonses.com/ Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260121165155.13550-1-skhan@linuxfoundation.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2026-01-23selftests: ublk: fix test nameMing Lei
Fix the two added test name. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-23Merge branch kvm-arm64/feat_idst into kvmarm-master/nextMarc Zyngier
* kvm-arm64/feat_idst: : . : Add support for FEAT_IDST, allowing ID registers that are not implemented : to be reported as a normal trap rather than as an UNDEF exception. : . KVM: arm64: selftests: Add a test for FEAT_IDST KVM: arm64: pkvm: Report optional ID register traps with a 0x18 syndrome KVM: arm64: pkvm: Add a generic synchronous exception injection primitive KVM: arm64: Force trap of GMID_EL1 when the guest doesn't have MTE KVM: arm64: Handle CSSIDR2_EL1 and SMIDR_EL1 in a generic way KVM: arm64: Handle FEAT_IDST for sysregs without specific handlers KVM: arm64: Add a generic synchronous exception injection primitive KVM: arm64: Add trap routing for GMID_EL1 arm64: Repaint ID_AA64MMFR2_EL1.IDS description Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
2026-01-22Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/netJakub Kicinski
Cross-merge networking fixes after downstream PR (net-6.19-rc7). Conflicts: drivers/net/ethernet/huawei/hinic3/hinic3_irq.c b35a6fd37a00 ("hinic3: Add adaptive IRQ coalescing with DIM") fb2bb2a1ebf7 ("hinic3: Fix netif_queue_set_napi queue_index input parameter error") https://lore.kernel.org/fc0a7fdf08789a52653e8ad05281a0a849e79206.1768915707.git.zhuyikai1@h-partners.com drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath12k/mac.c drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath12k/wifi7/hw.c 31707572108d ("wifi: ath12k: Fix wrong P2P device link id issue") c26f294fef2a ("wifi: ath12k: Move ieee80211_ops callback to the arch specific module") https://lore.kernel.org/20260114123751.6a208818@canb.auug.org.au Adjacent changes: drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath12k/mac.c 8b8d6ee53dfd ("wifi: ath12k: Fix scan state stuck in ABORTING after cancel_remain_on_channel") 914c890d3b90 ("wifi: ath12k: Add framework for hardware specific ieee80211_ops registration") Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: support arbitrary threads/queues combinationMing Lei
Enable flexible thread-to-queue mapping in batch I/O mode to support arbitrary combinations of threads and queues, improving resource utilization and scalability. Key improvements: - Support N:M thread-to-queue mapping (previously limited to 1:1) - Dynamic buffer allocation based on actual queue assignment per thread - Thread-safe queue preparation with spinlock protection - Intelligent buffer index calculation for multi-queue scenarios - Enhanced validation for thread/queue combination constraints Implementation details: - Add q_thread_map matrix to track queue-to-thread assignments - Dynamic allocation of commit and fetch buffers per thread - Round-robin queue assignment algorithm for load balancing - Per-queue spinlock to prevent race conditions during prep - Updated buffer index calculation using queue position within thread This enables efficient configurations like: - Any other N:M combinations for optimal resource matching Testing: - Added test_batch_02.sh: 4 threads vs 1 queue - Added test_batch_03.sh: 1 thread vs 4 queues - Validates correctness across different mapping scenarios Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: add --batch/-b for enabling F_BATCH_IOMing Lei
Add --batch/-b for enabling F_BATCH_IO. Add batch_01 for covering its basic function. Add stress_08 and stress_09 for covering stress test. Add recovery test for F_BATCH_IO in generic_04 and generic_05. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: increase timeout to 150 secondsMing Lei
More tests need to be covered in existing generic tests, and default 45sec isn't enough, and timeout is often triggered, increase timeout by adding setting file. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: handle UBLK_U_IO_FETCH_IO_CMDSMing Lei
Add support for UBLK_U_IO_FETCH_IO_CMDS to enable efficient batch fetching of I/O commands using multishot io_uring operations. Key improvements: - Implement multishot UBLK_U_IO_FETCH_IO_CMDS for continuous command fetching - Add fetch buffer management with page-aligned, mlocked buffers - Process fetched I/O command tags from kernel-provided buffers - Integrate fetch operations with existing batch I/O infrastructure - Significantly reduce uring_cmd issuing overhead through batching The implementation uses two fetch buffers per thread with automatic requeuing to maintain continuous I/O command flow. Each fetch operation retrieves multiple command tags in a single syscall, dramatically improving performance compared to individual command fetching. Technical details: - Fetch buffers are page-aligned and mlocked for optimal performance - Uses IORING_URING_CMD_MULTISHOT for continuous operation - Automatic buffer management and requeuing on completion - Enhanced CQE handling for fetch command completions Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: handle UBLK_U_IO_COMMIT_IO_CMDSMing Lei
Implement UBLK_U_IO_COMMIT_IO_CMDS to enable efficient batched completion of I/O operations in the batch I/O framework. This completes the batch I/O infrastructure by adding the commit phase that notifies the kernel about completed I/O operations: Key features: - Batch multiple I/O completions into single UBLK_U_IO_COMMIT_IO_CMDS - Dynamic commit buffer allocation and management per thread - Automatic commit buffer preparation before processing events - Commit buffer submission after processing completed I/Os - Integration with existing completion workflows Implementation details: - ublk_batch_prep_commit() allocates and initializes commit buffers - ublk_batch_complete_io() adds completed I/Os to current batch - ublk_batch_commit_io_cmds() submits batched completions to kernel - Modified ublk_process_io() to handle batch commit lifecycle - Enhanced ublk_complete_io() to route to batch or legacy completion The commit buffer stores completion information (tag, result, buffer details) for multiple I/Os, then submits them all at once, significantly reducing syscall overhead compared to individual I/O completions. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: handle UBLK_U_IO_PREP_IO_CMDSMing Lei
Implement support for UBLK_U_IO_PREP_IO_CMDS in the batch I/O framework: - Add batch command initialization and setup functions - Implement prep command queueing with proper buffer management - Add command completion handling for prep and commit commands - Integrate batch I/O setup into thread initialization - Update CQE handling to support batch commands The implementation uses the previously established buffer management infrastructure to queue UBLK_U_IO_PREP_IO_CMDS commands. Commands are prepared in the first thread context and use commit buffers for efficient command batching. Key changes: - ublk_batch_queue_prep_io_cmds() prepares I/O command batches - ublk_batch_compl_cmd() handles batch command completions - Modified thread setup to use batch operations when enabled - Enhanced buffer index calculation for batch mode Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: add batch buffer management infrastructureMing Lei
Add the foundational infrastructure for UBLK_F_BATCH_IO buffer management including: - Allocator utility functions for small sized per-thread allocation - Batch buffer allocation and deallocation functions - Buffer index management for commit buffers - Thread state management for batch I/O mode - Buffer size calculation based on device features This prepares the groundwork for handling batch I/O commands by establishing the buffer management layer needed for UBLK_U_IO_PREP_IO_CMDS and UBLK_U_IO_COMMIT_IO_CMDS operations. The allocator uses CPU sets for efficient per-thread buffer tracking, and commit buffers are pre-allocated with 2 buffers per thread to handle overlapping command operations. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: add ublk_io_buf_idx() for returning io buffer indexMing Lei
Since UBLK_F_PER_IO_DAEMON is added, io buffer index may depend on current thread because the common way is to use per-pthread io_ring_ctx for issuing ublk uring_cmd. Add one helper for returning io buffer index, so we can hide the buffer index implementation details for target code. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: replace assert() with ublk_assert()Ming Lei
Replace assert() with ublk_assert() since it is often triggered in daemon, and we may get nothing shown in terminal. Add ublk_assert(), so we can log something to syslog when assert() is triggered. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: ublk: fix user_data truncation for tgt_data >= 256Ming Lei
The build_user_data() function packs multiple fields into a __u64 value using bit shifts. Without explicit __u64 casts before shifting, the shift operations are performed on 32-bit unsigned integers before being promoted to 64-bit, causing data loss. Specifically, when tgt_data >= 256, the expression (tgt_data << 24) shifts on a 32-bit value, truncating the upper 8 bits before promotion to __u64. Since tgt_data can be up to 16 bits (assertion allows up to 65535), values >= 256 would have their high byte lost. Add explicit __u64 casts to both op and tgt_data before shifting to ensure the shift operations happen in 64-bit space, preserving all bits of the input values. user_data_to_tgt_data() is only used by stripe.c, in which the max supported member disks are 4, so won't trigger this issue. Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-01-22selftests: net: Add kernel selftest for RFC 4884Danielle Ratson
RFC 4884 extended certain ICMP messages with a length attribute that encodes the length of the "original datagram" field. This is needed so that new information could be appended to these messages without applications thinking that it is part of the "original datagram" field. In version 5.9, the kernel was extended with two new socket options (SOL_IP/IP_RECVERR_4884 and SOL_IPV6/IPV6_RECVERR_RFC4884) that allow user space to retrieve this length which is basically the offset to the ICMP Extension Structure at the end of the ICMP message. This is required by user space applications that need to parse the information contained in the ICMP Extension Structure. For example, the RFC 5837 extension for tracepath. Add a selftest that verifies correct handling of the RFC 4884 length field for both IPv4 and IPv6, with and without extension structures, and validates that malformed extensions are correctly reported as invalid. For each address family, the test creates: - a raw socket used to send locally crafted ICMP error packets to the loopback address, and - a datagram socket used to receive the encapsulated original datagram and associated error metadata from the kernel error queue. ICMP packets are constructed entirely in user space rather than relying on kernel-generated errors. This allows the test to exercise invalid scenarios (such as corrupted checksums and incorrect length fields) and verify that the SO_EE_RFC4884_FLAG_INVALID flag is set as expected. Output Example: $ ./icmp_rfc4884 Starting 18 tests from 18 test cases. RUN rfc4884.ipv4_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ok 1 rfc4884.ipv4_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_ext.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_ext.rfc4884 ok 2 rfc4884.ipv4_ext.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ok 3 rfc4884.ipv4_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ok 4 rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_min_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_min_payload.rfc4884 ok 5 rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_min_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ok 6 rfc4884.ipv4_no_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_checksum.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_checksum.rfc4884 ok 7 rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_checksum.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_length_small.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_length_small.rfc4884 ok 8 rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_length_small.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_length_large.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_length_large.rfc4884 ok 9 rfc4884.ipv4_invalid_ext_length_large.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ok 10 rfc4884.ipv6_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_ext.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_ext.rfc4884 ok 11 rfc4884.ipv6_ext.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ok 12 rfc4884.ipv6_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 ok 13 rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_small_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_min_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_min_payload.rfc4884 ok 14 rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_min_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 ok 15 rfc4884.ipv6_no_ext_large_payload.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_checksum.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_checksum.rfc4884 ok 16 rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_checksum.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_length_small.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_length_small.rfc4884 ok 17 rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_length_small.rfc4884 RUN rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_length_large.rfc4884 ... OK rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_length_large.rfc4884 ok 18 rfc4884.ipv6_invalid_ext_length_large.rfc4884 PASSED: 18 / 18 tests passed. Totals: pass:18 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 Signed-off-by: Danielle Ratson <danieller@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260121114644.2863640-1-danieller@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-22kallsyms: Get rid of kallsyms relative baseArd Biesheuvel
When the kallsyms relative base was introduced, per-CPU variable references on x86_64 SMP were implemented as offsets into the respective per-CPU region, rather than offsets relative to the location of the variable's template in the kernel image, which is how other architectures implement it. This required kallsyms to reason about the difference between the two, and the sign of the value in the kallsyms_offsets[] array was used to distinguish them. This meant that negative offsets were not permitted for ordinary variables, and so it was crucial that the relative base was chosen such that all offsets were positive numbers. This is no longer needed: instead, the offsets can simply be encoded as values in the range -/+ 2 GiB, which is precisely what PC32 relocations provide on most architectures. So it is possible to simplify the logic, and just use _text as the anchor directly, and let the linker calculate the final value based on the location of the entry itself. Some architectures (nios2, extensa) do not support place-relative relocations at all, but these are all 32-bit and non-relocatable, and so there is no need for place-relative relocations in the first place, and the actual symbol values can just be stored directly. This makes all entries in the kallsyms_offsets[] array visible as place-relative references in the ELF metadata, which will be important when implementing ELF-based fg-kaslr. Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260116093359.2442297-6-ardb+git@google.com Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
2026-01-22cxl/pci: Move CXL driver's RCH error handling into core/ras_rch.cTerry Bowman
Restricted CXL Host (RCH) protocol error handling uses a procedure distinct from the CXL Virtual Hierarchy (VH) handling. This is because of the differences in the RCH and VH topologies. Improve the maintainability and add ability to enable/disable RCH handling. Move and combine the RCH handling code into a single block conditionally compiled with the CONFIG_CXL_RCH_RAS kernel config. Signed-off-by: Terry Bowman <terry.bowman@amd.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260114182055.46029-9-terry.bowman@amd.com Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
2026-01-22cxl/pci: Remove CXL VH handling in CONFIG_PCIEAER_CXL conditional blocks ↵Dave Jiang
from core/pci.c Create new config CONFIG_CXL_RAS and put all CXL RAS items behind the config. The config will depend on CPER and PCIE AER to build. Move the related VH RAS code from core/pci.c to core/ras.c. Restricted CXL host (RCH) RAS functions will be moved in a future patch. Cc: Robert Richter <rrichter@amd.com> Reviewed-by: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Alison Schofield <alison.schofield@intel.com> Co-developed-by: Terry Bowman <terry.bowman@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Terry Bowman <terry.bowman@amd.com> Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260114182055.46029-8-terry.bowman@amd.com Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
2026-01-22Merge tag 'linux-cpupower-6.20-update-2' of ↵Rafael J. Wysocki
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux Pull one more cpuidle utility update for 6.20 from Shuah Khan: "Improve the installation procedure by making this systemd step optional enabling users to disable installation of systemd's unit file." * tag 'linux-cpupower-6.20-update-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux: cpupower: make systemd unit installation optional